Actinopteri - Scombriformes - Scombridae
Parent taxon: Scombridae according to P. Oyanadel-Urbina et al. 2021
See also Ebersole et al. 2019, Klawe 1977, Monsch 2004 and Monsch and Bannikov 2011
Sister taxa: Acanthocybiinae, Acanthocybium, Acanthonotos, Ardiodus, Cariniceps, Caucombrus, Cybium, Eoscomber, Eoscombrus, Eucynodus, Gasterochismatinae, Gasteronemus, Godsilia, Lepidocybium, Ocystias, Pelamys, Pneumatophorus, Pseudauxides, Sardinae, Scomber, Scomberodon, Scombridarum, Scombrinae, Scombrinus, Scombrosarda, Thunnoscomberoides, Toxopoma, Tunita, Turio, Wetherellus, Xestias
Subtaxa: Cybiosarda Gymnosarda Orcynopsis Sarda
Ecology: nektonic omnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Bulgaria (1 collection), Italy (1)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Italy (1)
• Pliocene of Italy (2), United States (1: North Carolina)
• Miocene to Pliocene of United States (1: California)
• Miocene of Algeria (3), Azerbaijan (1), Chile (1), Italy (1), United States (3: California, North Carolina)
• Oligocene of Georgia (1), Germany (1), Hungary (1), Romania (1), the Russian Federation (1)
• Eocene of Kazakhstan (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (3: Alabama, Maryland , Virginia)
Total: 26 collections including 28 occurrences