Clade Protoctista
Parent taxon: Eukarya according to L. Margulis 1996
See also Andrews 1976
Sister taxa: Archeoxybaphon, Characodictyon, Circidentatus, Circitorquis, Cycliocyrillium, Daedalosphaera, Galerosphaera, Gyalosphaera, Herisphaera, Hexacatillus, Melanocyrillium, Nunatsiaquus, Ospercapatera, Palaeastrum, Palaeoarcella, Paleohexadictyon, Paleomegasquama, Paleoscutula, Petasisquama, Quadrireticulum, Squamosphaera, Thorakidictyon
Subtaxa: Apicomplexa Archaeoprotista Chrysomonads Cryptomonads Dinomastigota Discomitochondrios Eustigmatophyta Gamophyta Haptomonads Hyphochytriomycota Labyrinthulids Myxomycota Oomycota Paramyxea Phaeophyta Plasmodiophorids Rhizopoda Xanthophyta Xenophyophora Zoomastigina