Angiospermae - Fagales - Betulaceae
Full reference: P. Miller. 1754. The gardeners dictionary : containing the methods of cultivating and improving all sorts of trees, plants, and flowers, for the kitchen, fruit, and pleasure gardens, as also those which are used in medicine : with directions for the culture of vineyards, and making of wine in England, 4th ed. 3 vols.
Parent taxon: Betulaceae according to R. Srivastava and M. Suzuki 2001
See also Brown 1959, Chandler 1963, Chauhan 1991, Gray 1822, Knowlton 1919, Knowlton 1926, Lakhanpal et al. 1976, Liu et al. 1996 and MacGinitie 1941
Sister taxa: Alnipollenites, Alnites, Alnites, Alnophyllum, Alnoxylon, Betula, Betulapollenites, Betuliphyllum, Betulites, Betuloxylon, Carpinicarpus, Carpinoxylon, Carpinus, Corylites, Coryloideae, Coryloxylon, Corylus, Cranea, Eucarpinoxylon, Hooleya, Ostrya, Ostryoxylon, Polyporopollenites, Triporatus
Subtaxa: Alnus alaskana Alnus americana Alnus auraria Alnus carpinifolia Alnus carpinoides Alnus cordata Alnus corrallina Alnus corylina Alnus grandiflora Alnus grewiopsis Alnus inaequilateralis Alnus kefersteinii Alnus macrodonta Alnus muelleri Alnus nepalensis Alnus nitida Alnus operia Alnus parvifolia Alnus poolensis Alnus praecordata Alnus rhamnifolia Alnus rubra Alnus rugosa Alnus scalariforme Alnus serrata Alnus serrulata
Ecology: "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Canada (1: British Columbia collection), France (2), India (31), Japan (5), Peru (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (6: Michigan, North Carolina, Virginia, Washington)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Bolivia (1), Italy (1)
• Pliocene of Canada (1: Northwest Territories), China (1), Germany (8), Japan (2), Portugal (11), the Russian Federation (1), United States (4: California, Florida, Massachusetts, Nevada)
• Hemphillian of United States (1: Tennessee)
• Miocene to Pliocene of France (1), Germany (1), Japan (5)
• Miocene to Oligocene of United States (1: Montana)
• Miocene of Canada (1: Northwest Territories), China (6), Germany (47), Japan (12), Poland (2), the Russian Federation (18), Switzerland (1), Turkey (1), United States (23: California, Idaho, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Nevada, Virginia)
• Oligocene to Eocene of United States (1: Oregon)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Germany (1), United States (3: Maryland, Montana)
• Oligocene of Azerbaijan (1), the Czech Republic (3), Germany (7), Japan (1), the Russian Federation (16), United States (12: Idaho, Montana, Oregon)
• Eocene of Canada (5: British Columbia, Nunavut), China (2), the United Kingdom (1), United States (110: Alabama, Alaska, California, Idaho, Mississippi, Missouri, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming, Wyoming )
• Clarkforkian of United States (1: Wyoming)
• Paleocene to Eocene of United States (7: Alaska, Virginia)
• Paleocene to Oligocene of Canada (1: Nunavut)
• Paleocene of China (1), United States (27: Alaska, Virginia, Wyoming)
• Tertiary of Canada (1: Nunavut), Japan (1)
• Cretaceous of Antarctica (1), Canada (3: Alberta, British Columbia), United States (3: Alaska, Texas)
Total: 406 collections including 490 occurrences
Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.
Click image to enlarge. Click to access iDigBio record.