Pinopsida - Pinales - Pinaceae
Pinaceae Spreng. ex Rudolphi
Full reference: F. K. L. Rudolphi. 1830. Systema orbis vegetabilium : quod gratiosi medicorum ordinis consensu et auctoritate.
Parent taxon: Pinales according to S. V. Meyen 1984
See also Hickey 1977, Hueber 1983, Knowlton 1919, Mabberley 2000, Ozaki 1974, Shoshani et al. 1989, Taylor et al. 2008 and Upchurch et al. 1994
Sister taxa: Amydrostrobus, Bartholinodendron, Buriadiaceae, Cephalotaxaceae, Cycadocarpidiaceae, Frenelites, Glenrosa, Gomphostrobus, Heidiphyllum, Hoegisporis, Juniperites, Lebachiaceae, Pandanocarpum, Protolarix, Sciadopityaceae, Striaestrobus, Striatotaxus, Taxaceae, Taxodiaceae, Trioolepis, Widdringtonites, Xenoxylon
Subtaxa: Abiespollenites Abietoideae Archaeolarix Cedroxylon Cedrus Colchidia Eathiestrobus Indostrobus Megalomyelon Midoriphyllum Nansenia Obirastrobus Piceapollenites Piceoxylon Pinicutis Pinoideae Pinoxylon Pinus Pinuspollenites Pityosporites Pityostrobus Pseudoaraucaria Pseudolaricixylon
Type: Pinoideae
Distribution:
• Quaternary of the Bahamas (1 collection), Canada (4: Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario), China (3), the Congo-Kinshasa (1), Cuba (1), France (3), India (40), Italy (4), Japan (6), Portugal (2), the United Kingdom (3), United States (24: Alaska, California, Florida, Kansas, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, Washington)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of China (1), Italy (1)
• Pliocene of Canada (2: Northwest Territories), China (8), Germany (6), India (1), Italy (1), Japan (2), Portugal (11), Slovakia (2), United States (5: Florida, Massachusetts, Nevada, North Carolina)
• Hemphillian of United States (2: California, Tennessee)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Canada (1: Nunavut), France (1), Germany (1), Japan (5)
• Miocene to Oligocene of United States (1: Montana)
• Miocene of Azerbaijan (5), Belgium (1), Canada (1: Northwest Territories), China (11), Denmark (1), Germany (62), Italy (1), Japan (8), Poland (2), Portugal (1), the Russian Federation (24), Turkey (2), United States (38: Alaska, California, Idaho, Maryland, Massachusetts, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Virginia, Washington)
• Neogene of United States (1: Massachusetts)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Germany (1), United States (3: Maryland, Montana)
• Oligocene to Eocene of United States (1: Oregon)
• Oligocene of Azerbaijan (2), Canada (1: British Columbia), China (1), the Czech Republic (1), France (1), Germany (23), the Russian Federation (13), Spain (1), United States (6: Idaho, Oregon, Virginia)
• Eocene to Oligocene of China (1), United States (4: Colorado)
• Eocene of Canada (5: British Columbia, Nunavut), China (1), Germany (13), Japan (3), Myanmar (28), the Russian Federation (1), the United Kingdom (12), United States (72: Alaska, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Louisiana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming)
• Clarkforkian of United States (2: North Dakota)
• Paleocene to Oligocene of Canada (1: Nunavut)
• Paleogene of India (1)
• Paleocene of Canada (7: Manitoba), China (1), the United Kingdom (3), United States (28: Alaska, North Dakota)
• Tertiary of Canada (1: Nunavut), Japan (1)
• Cretaceous to Neogene of China (1)
• Cretaceous of Austria (1), Canada (6: Alberta, British Columbia), China (3), Colombia (2), Germany (1), Greenland (6), India (6), Japan (1), Mexico (1), the Russian Federation (9), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (2), United States (43: Alaska, California, Kansas, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Montana, New Jersey, North Dakota, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, Wyoming)
• Jurassic to Cretaceous of Canada (2: Nunavut), India (2)
• Jurassic of China (2), France (1), Georgia (1), India (3), Kazakhstan (2), Lesotho (1), Morocco (1), Norway (1), Romania (1), the Russian Federation (6), Serbia and Montenegro (1), South Africa (1), the United Kingdom (1)
• Triassic to Jurassic of the United Kingdom (1)
• Triassic of Hungary (1), India (3), Indonesia (1), Israel (4), Norway (2), the Russian Federation (2), United States (1: New Mexico)
• Rotliegendes of Norway (2)
• Permian of Austria (1), Germany (14), Hungary (1), India (11), Norway (5), United States (2: Oklahoma)
• Carboniferous to Permian of United States (1: Arizona)
• Carboniferous of United States (26: Arizona, Illinois, Kansas, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma)
Total: 726 collections including 1433 occurrences