Parent taxon: Caenogastropoda according to C. S. Cataldo 2017
See also Bouchet et al. 2005, Harzhauser 2004 and Ponder and Warén 1988
Sister taxa: Architaenioglossa, Carinomphalus, Cassianozyga, Cataldia, Cerithimorpha, Cerithioidea, Coelodiscidae, Coelostylinidae, Cyclophoracea, Dendropupoidea, Dzikella, Epitonioidea, Idahospira, Loxotomella, Meekospiridae, Mesogastropoda, Neontaenioglossa, Neotaenioglossa, Orthonematoidea, Palaeostyloidea, Peruneloidea, Perunelomorpha, Pragoscutulidae, Prisconatica, Soleniscoidea, Sorbeoconcha, Spanionematidae, Strobeidae, Trinema, Vanikoroidea, Ventrosia, Zygopleuroidea
Subtaxa: Pseudomelaniidae Trajanellidae
Ecology: epifaunal
Distribution:
• Quaternary of China (3 collections), Costa Rica (4), Cuba (1), Fiji (1), Indonesia (1), Italy (1), Jamaica (1), Japan (5), Panama (3), Taiwan (7), Thailand (2), United States (47: Alaska, California, Florida, North Carolina, Oregon), Vanuatu (1)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Italy (1), South Africa (1), United States (2: Oregon, Washington)
• Pliocene of Australia (1), Costa Rica (7), the Dominican Republic (4), Ecuador (5), Fiji (2), India (1), Indonesia (4), Italy (19), Jamaica (6), Japan (8), Mexico (1), Panama (18), the Philippines (3), Trinidad and Tobago (4), the United Kingdom (2), United States (10: California, Florida, Oregon), Venezuela (2)
• Miocene to Pliocene of the Dominican Republic (4), Japan (1)
• Miocene of Australia (2), Colombia (11), Denmark (1), the Dominican Republic (4), Ecuador (2), Fiji (1), France (1), Germany (35), Grenada (3), India (4), Indonesia (5), Italy (1), Japan (4), Mexico (2), Myanmar (7), the Netherlands (2), New Zealand (7), Pakistan (2), Panama (38), the Philippines (1), South Africa (2), Trinidad and Tobago (4), United States (17: California, Delaware, Florida, Washington), Venezuela (2)
• Oligocene to Miocene of Haiti (1), United States (1: Florida)
• Oligocene of Canada (2: British Columbia), Myanmar (1), New Zealand (3), Oman (1), United States (19: Florida, Mississippi, Washington)
• Eocene of Antarctica (1), France (5), Indonesia (1), New Zealand (1), Pakistan (1), Peru (1), the United Kingdom (9)
• Paleocene of Greenland (2), India (1), New Zealand (2)
• Cretaceous of Albania (1), Angola (1), Argentina (5), Austria (2), Canada (4: British Columbia), Chile (1), Egypt (1), France (3), Germany (2), Hungary (1), Japan (16), Madagascar (3), Nigeria (1), Poland (21), the Russian Federation (5), South Africa (2), Sweden (1), Switzerland (4), Trinidad and Tobago (1), Turkmenistan (1), United States (67: California, Montana, Oregon, Texas, Utah), Yemen (1)
• Jurassic of Argentina (4), Chile (8), Ethiopia (1), France (21), Germany (9), Greenland (22), Hungary (4), India (15), Iran (3), Israel (4), Italy (1), Jordan (6), Kenya (3), Luxembourg (1), Madagascar (1), New Zealand (1), Poland (6), Portugal (12), Romania (1), Saudi Arabia (10), Somalia (1), Spain (57), Tanzania (15), Tunisia (7), the United Kingdom (68), United States (3: Idaho, Utah), Yemen (7)
• Triassic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1), Chile (1), China (2), France (1), Hungary (3), India (1), Italy (21), New Zealand (2), Peru (1), Poland (1), Slovakia (1), United States (3: Alaska)
• Permian of United States (4: Alaska, Texas, Wyoming)
Total: 870 collections including 1135 occurrences