†order Octactinellida Hinde 1887 (sponge)

Heteractinida - Octactinellida

Parent taxon: Heteractinida according to J. K. Rigby et al. 2005

See also Finks et al. 2004, Rigby et al. 2008 and Senowbari-Daryan and Rigby 2015

Sister taxa: Archicladium, Conwaymorrisispongia, Corynospongia, Hetairacyathida, Polycladium

Subtaxa: Astraeospongiidae Eiffeliidae Nuchidae Wewokellidae

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Ecology: stationary intermediate-level epifaunal suspension feeder

Distribution:

• Triassic of Canada (1: British Columbia collection)

• Permian of China (1), Iran (1), United States (1: New Mexico), Venezuela (1)

• Carboniferous of United States (27: Alabama, Colorado, Illinois, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah)

• Devonian of Canada (5: Manitoba, Nunavut, Ontario), the Czech Republic (1), Germany (3), United States (12: Arizona, Illinois, New York)

• Silurian of United States (24: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, New York, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Wisconsin)

• Whiterockian of Canada (1: Northwest Territories)

• Ordovician of Argentina (3), Canada (4: Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon), the United Kingdom (2)

• Tremadoc of United States (1: Nevada)

• Cambrian of Australia (36), Canada (2: Brithish Columbia, British Columbia), China (5), Greenland (2), Guinea (1), Iran (1), Italy (1), Kazakhstan (12), Kyrgyzstan (5), Spain (2), Turkey (1), the United Kingdom (1)

• Delamaran of Canada (12: British Columbia), Jordan (1)

• Ordian of Australia (3)

Total: 173 collections including 212 occurrences

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