Hormogoneae - Oscillatoriales - Girvanellaceae
Full reference: H. A. Nicholson and R. Etheridge. 1878. A Monograph of the Silurian Fossils of the Girvan District in Ayrshire. Vol. I, fasc. I.
Parent taxon: Girvanellaceae according to K. Krainer and D. Vachard 2019
See also Danielli 1981, Debrenne et al. 2015, Kiessling 2003 and Vokes 1980
Sister taxa: Koivaella, Mitcheldeania, Ramovsia
Subtaxa: Girvanella mexicana Girvanella problematica Girvanella richmondensis
Type: Girvanella problematica
Ecology: stationary epifaunal "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Miocene of Italy (1 collection)
• Paleocene of Croatia (1)
• Cretaceous of Brazil (2), Czechia (1), Egypt (1), France (1), Germany (2), Japan (1), the Marshall Islands (1), Spain (1), Tunisia (1)
• Jurassic to Cretaceous of Japan (1)
• Jurassic of Germany (2), Myanmar (1), Poland (1), Portugal (8), Spain (2), Thailand (2), the United Kingdom (1)
• Triassic of Austria (5), France (1), Greece (1), Italy (5), Japan (2), Oman (1), Poland (1)
• Permian of China (2), Germany (2), Greece (1), Japan (1), Mexico (1), Norway (3), Oman (1), Slovenia (2), Tajikistan (1), Thailand (1), Türkiye (5), United States (4: New Mexico, Texas)
• Carboniferous of Algeria (1), Australia (2), Austria (2), China (2), France (3), Ireland (7), Japan (1), the Russian Federation (1), Spain (4), Türkiye (1), the United Kingdom (7), United States (14: Arkansas, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, West Virginia, Wyoming)
• Devonian of Afghanistan (14), Australia (9), Belgium (3), Canada (6: Alberta, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), China (9), Czechia (3), France (1), Germany (10), Morocco (4), Poland (3), the Russian Federation (10), Spain (4), Tajikistan (2), United States (1: Alaska)
• Silurian of Canada (6: Ontario, Quebec, Québec), China (1), India (1), the Russian Federation (2), Sweden (1), Ukraine (4), the United Kingdom (4), United States (3: Alaska)
• Chazyan of Canada (3: Quebec), United States (1: Virginia)
• Whiterockian of Canada (1: Newfoundland and Labrador), United States (2: Nevada)
• Arenig of Australia (1), Canada (3: Newfoundland and Labrador), United States (5: Oklahoma, Texas)
• Arenigian of Argentina (1)
• Canadian of United States (3: Virginia)
• Ordovician of Argentina (1), Australia (4), Canada (12: Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario, Quebec), China (26), Kazakhstan (3), Malaysia (1), Norway (2), the Russian Federation (3), the United Kingdom (3), United States (53: Alabama, California, Michigan, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia)
• Cambrian of Antarctica (2), Australia (9), Canada (3: British Columbia, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories), China (5), Germany (1), Iran (2), Italy (10), Mexico (5), Mongolia (8), Morocco (6), the Russian Federation (6), South Korea (1), Spain (4), United States (7: Colorado, Nevada, Texas, Virginia)
• Solvan of United States (1: Tennessee)
• Ediacaran of China (1)
Total: 416 collections including 443 occurrences
Specimen images are retrieved through the ePANDDA API.
Click image to enlarge. Click to access iDigBio record.