Parent taxon: Protacanthopterygii according to R. Betancur et al. 2013
See also Grande 1999, Long 2011, Nelson 2006 and Nelson et al. 2016
Sister taxa: Argentiniformes, Galaxiiformes, Salmoniformes
Subtaxa: Esocidae Palaeoesocidae Umbridae
Ecology:
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Canada (2: Northwest Territories, Quebec collections), the Czech Republic (1), Estonia (1), Hungary (1), the Russian Federation (1), Turkmenistan (1), the United Kingdom (10), United States (8: Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Michigan, Virginia)
• Pliocene of Germany (1), Hungary (1), Moldova (1), the Russian Federation (1), Slovakia (1), Ukraine (1)
• Miocene of Austria (1), Canada (1: Yukon), Germany (2), Greece (1), Moldova (1), the Russian Federation (1), Turkey (1), United States (2: Alaska, Nebraska)
• Oligocene of the Czech Republic (1), Germany (1), Kazakhstan (1), Switzerland (1), United States (2: Oregon)
• Eocene of Canada (2: Northwest Territories, Northwest Territory), United States (2: Utah, Wyoming)
• Paleocene of Canada (2: Alberta)
• Cretaceous of Canada (47: Alberta, Saskatchewan), Germany (1), United States (14: Montana, Utah, Wyoming)
Total: 115 collections including 118 occurrences