Aves - Columbiformes - Columbidae
Synonyms: Raphidae Wetmore 1930, Raphinae Wetmore 1930
Full reference: C. Illiger. 1811. Prodromus Systematis Mammalium et Avium
Parent taxon: Columbiformes according to J. F. Clements et al. 2017
See also Alcover 1989, Baird 1992, Carroll 1988, del Hoyo et al. 2014, Hay 1930, Janoo 2005, Lambrecht 1933, Livezey and Zusi 2007, Olson 1975, Olson 1985, Olson and Rasmussen 2001, Parmalee 1992, Peterson 1999, Steadman 2008, Wetmore 1956, Worthy and Nguyen 2020, Worthy et al. 2007 and Zittel 1890
Sister taxa: Columbae, Columboidae, Dididae, Pterocletes
Subtaxa: Alectroenas Alopecoenas Arenicolumba Bountyphaps Caloenas Chalcophaps Chloroenas Claravis Columba Columbina Columbinae Didunculinae Drepanoptila Ducula Dysmoropelia Ectopistes Eurostopodinae Gallicolumba Geopelia Geotrygon Gerandia Gourinae Hemiphaga Leptotila Leucosarcia Lithophaps Lopholaimus Macropygia Microena Natunaornis Nesoenas Ocyphaps Oena Patagioenas Peristerinae Pezophaps Phaps Primophaps Ptilinopus Raphus Rupephaps Spilopelia Streptopelia Treron Trugon Turtur Zenaida
Type: Columba
Ecology: volant frugivore-granivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of American Samoa (1 collection), Antigua and Barbuda (1), Australia (5), the Bahamas (9), Bermuda (4), Bolivia (1), Brazil (1), Canada (1: Quebec), Cayman Islands (5), Chile (1), the Congo-Kinshasa (1), Cook Islands (9), Croatia (1), the Dominican Republic (2), East Timor (2), Ecuador (5), Egypt (1), Fiji (10), France (5), French Polynesia (13), Greece (19), Guam (3), Haiti (2), Indonesia (11), Italy (10), Jamaica (1), Japan (4), Madagascar (2), Martinique (1), Mauritius (17), Mexico (2), Micronesia (2), Monaco (1), Montserrat (3), New Caledonia (6), New Zealand (35), Niue (7), Norfolk Island (5), Northern Mariana Islands (17), Palau (1), Papua New Guinea (4), Peru (1), Pitcairn (22), Portugal (1), Puerto Rico (1), Reunion (3), the Russian Federation (1), Saint Helena (3), Solomon Islands (5), South Africa (1), Spain (15), Sudan (1), Tanzania (1), Tonga (23), the United Kingdom (6), United States (50: Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, New Mexico, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Wyoming), Vanuatu (1), Venezuela (1), Wallis and Futuna (5), Yemen (2)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of South Africa (1)
• Pliocene of Italy (1), New Zealand (1), South Africa (1), Spain (1), Tanzania (1), United States (1: North Carolina)
• Miocene of Italy (4), Japan (1), New Zealand (1), the Russian Federation (1), United States (2: Florida, Maryland)
• Neogene of United States (1: Arizona)
• Oligocene of Australia (1)
• Eocene of the United Kingdom (1)
• Cretaceous of United States (1: North Carolina)
Total: 394 collections including 700 occurrences