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Mosasaurinae
Taxonomy
Mosasaurinae was named by Gervais (1853). It is not extant. It was considered monophyletic by Karl and Nyhuis (2012).
It was assigned to Natantia by Bardet et al. (2005); and to Mosasauridae by Hay (1902), Hay (1930), Antunes (1964), Kuhn (1966), Thurmond (1969), Russell (1970), Welles and Gregg (1971), Wiffen (1980), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Wiffen (1990), Lingham-Soliar (1995), Nicholls and Meckert (2002), Bardet et al. (2004), Schulp et al. (2004), Bardet et al. (2005), Bell and Polcyn (2005), Martin and Crame (2006), Fernández et al. (2008), Schulp et al. (2008), Schulp et al. (2009), Konishi et al. (2011), Mateus et al. (2012), Karl and Nyhuis (2012), Bell et al. (2013), Frey et al. (2016), Hornung et al. (2018), Lively (2018), González Ruiz et al. (2019), Driscoll et al. (2019), Lively (2020), Otero (2021), AbdelGawad et al. (2021), Zietlow et al. (2023), O’Gorman et al. (2023) and Garzon et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Natantia by Bardet et al. (2005); and to Mosasauridae by Hay (1902), Hay (1930), Antunes (1964), Kuhn (1966), Thurmond (1969), Russell (1970), Welles and Gregg (1971), Wiffen (1980), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Wiffen (1990), Lingham-Soliar (1995), Nicholls and Meckert (2002), Bardet et al. (2004), Schulp et al. (2004), Bardet et al. (2005), Bell and Polcyn (2005), Martin and Crame (2006), Fernández et al. (2008), Schulp et al. (2008), Schulp et al. (2009), Konishi et al. (2011), Mateus et al. (2012), Karl and Nyhuis (2012), Bell et al. (2013), Frey et al. (2016), Hornung et al. (2018), Lively (2018), González Ruiz et al. (2019), Driscoll et al. (2019), Lively (2020), Otero (2021), AbdelGawad et al. (2021), Zietlow et al. (2023), O’Gorman et al. (2023) and Garzon et al. (2024).
Subtaxa
Clidastes (syn. Edestosaurus), Dallasaurus, Globidensini, Globindensini, Gnathomortis, Igdamanosaurus, Jormungandr, Kourisodon, Leiodon, Leiodontini, Megapterygius, Moanasaurus, Mosasaurini, Mosasaurus (syn. Batrachiosaurus, Pterycollosaurus, Batrachotherium, Drepanodon, Baseodon, Macrosaurus, Lesticodus, Amphekepubis, Nectoportheus), Plesiotylosaurus, Plotosaurini, Polygonodon, Prognathodontini, Rikisaurus, Stelladens, Xenodens
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1853 | Mosasaurinae Gervais |
1902 | Mosasaurinae Hay p. 464 |
1930 | Mosasaurinae Hay p. 261 |
1964 | Mosasaurinae Antunes p. 137 |
1966 | Mosasaurinae Kuhn p. 59 |
1969 | Mosasaurinae Thurmond p. 76 |
1970 | Mosasaurinae Russell p. 371 |
1971 | Mosasaurinae Welles and Gregg p. 52 |
1980 | Mosasaurinae Wiffen p. 508 |
1981 | Mosasaurinae Thurmond and Jones p. 153 |
1990 | Mosasaurinae Wiffen p. 67 |
1995 | Mosasaurinae Lingham-Soliar |
2002 | Mosasaurinae Nicholls and Meckert p. 1593 |
2004 | Mosasaurinae Bardet et al. p. 316 |
2004 | Mosasaurinae Schulp et al. p. 744 |
2005 | Mosasaurinae Bardet et al. |
2005 | Mosasaurinae Bell and Polcyn p. 178 |
2006 | Mosasaurinae Martin and Crame p. 113 |
2008 | Mosasaurinae Fernández et al. p. 179 |
2008 | Mosasaurinae Schulp et al. p. 1 |
2009 | Mosasaurinae Schulp et al. p. 162 |
2011 | Mosasaurinae Konishi et al. p. 1028 |
2012 | Mosasaurinae Karl and Nyhuis |
2012 | Mosasaurinae Mateus et al. |
2013 | Mosasaurinae Bell Jr. et al. |
2016 | Mosasaurinae Frey et al. p. 20 |
2018 | Mosasaurinae Hornung et al. p. 544 |
2018 | Mosasaurinae Lively p. 524 |
2019 | Mosasaurinae Driscoll et al. |
2019 | Mosasaurinae González Ruiz et al. p. 3 |
2020 | Mosasaurinae Lively p. 15 |
2021 | Mosasaurinae AbdelGawad et al. |
2021 | Mosasaurinae Otero p. 2 |
2023 | Mosasaurinae O’Gorman et al. |
2023 | Mosasaurinae Zietlow et al. p. 6 |
2024 | Mosasaurinae Garzon et al. p. 7 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. †Mosasaurinae Gervais 1853
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G. †Clidastes Cope 1868
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†Clidastes cineriarum Cope 1870
†Clidastes intermedius Leidy 1870
†Clidastes liodontus Merriam 1894
†Clidastes moorevillensis Shannon 1975
†Clidastes propython Cope 1869
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Invalid names: Clidastes medius Merriam 1894 [synonym], Clidastes pumilus Marsh 1871 [synonym], Clidastes westi Williston and Case 1892 [synonym], Clidastes wymani Marsh 1871 [synonym], Edestosaurus dispar Marsh 1871 [synonym], Edestosaurus rex Marsh 1872 [synonym], Edestosaurus stenops Cope 1871 [synonym], Edestosaurus tortor Cope 1871 [synonym], Edestosaurus velox Marsh 1871 [synonym]
Invalid names: Edestosaurus Marsh 1871 [synonym]
Tr. †Globidensini Russell 1967
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G. †Carinodens Thurmond 1969
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†Carinodens belgicus Woodward 1891
†Carinodens fraasi Dollo 1913
†Carinodens minalmamar Schulp et al. 2009
G. †Globidens Gilmore 1912
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†Globidens alabamensis Gilmore 1912
†Globidens dakotensis Russell 1975
†Globidens phosphaticus Bardet et al. 2005
†Globidens schurmanni Martin 2007
†Globidens simplex LeBlanc et al. 2019
G. †Prognathodon Dollo 1889
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†Prognathodon compressidens Gaudry 1892
†Prognathodon currii Christiansen and Bonde 2002
†Prognathodon giganteus Dollo 1889
†Prognathodon kianda Schulp et al. 2008
†Prognathodon lutugini Yakovlev 1905
†Prognathodon mosasauroides Gaudry 1892
†Prognathodon overtoni Williston 1897
†Prognathodon rapax Hay 1902
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Invalid names: Ancylocentrum hungerfordi Chaffee 1939 [synonym], Liodon validus Cope 1868 [synonym]
†Prognathodon saturator Dortangs et al. 2002
†Prognathodon sectorius Cope 1871
†Prognathodon solvayi Dollo 1889
†Prognathodon waiparaensis Welles and Gregg 1971
Invalid names: Ancylocentrum Schmidt 1927 [synonym], Brachysaurana Strand 1926 [synonym], Brachysaurus Williston 1897 [synonym], Dollosaurus Yakovlev 1901 [synonym], Liodon Owen 1842 [nomen dubium]
Tr. †Mosasaurini Russell 1967
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G. †Plotosaurus Camp 1951
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†Plotosaurus bennisoni Camp 1942
†Plotosaurus tuckeri Camp 1942
Invalid names: Garzasaurus Anderson 1943 [nomen nudum], Kolposaurus Camp 1942 [replaced]
Invalid names: Liodon asiaticum Répelin 1915 [nomen dubium]
G. †Mosasaurus Parkinson 1822
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†Mosasaurus beaugei Arambourg 1952
†Mosasaurus caroliniensis Gibbes 1851
†Mosasaurus conodon Cope 1881
†Mosasaurus couperi Gibbes 1851
†Mosasaurus dekayi Bronn 1838
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Invalid names: Mosasaurus major DeKay 1842 [synonym], Mosasaurus meirsii Marsh 1869 [synonym]
†Mosasaurus depressus Cope 1869
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Invalid names: Halisaurus fraternus Marsh 1869 [synonym], Mosasaurus copeanus Marsh 1869 [synonym]
†Mosasaurus flemingi Wiffen 1990
†Mosasaurus gaudryi Thevenin 1896
†Mosasaurus gracilis Owen 1850
†Mosasaurus grosjeani Greppin 1870
†Mosasaurus hobetsuensis Suzuki 1985
†Mosasaurus hoffmannii Mantell 1829
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Invalid names: Mosasaurus belgicus Holl 1829 [synonym], Mosasaurus camperi Meyer 1832 [synonym], Mosasaurus maximus Cope 1869 [synonym]
†Mosasaurus horridus Williston 1895
†Mosasaurus ivoensis Russell 1967
†Mosasaurus lemonnieri Dollo 1889
†Mosasaurus lonzeensis Dollo 1904
†Mosasaurus minor Gibbes 1851
†Mosasaurus missouriensis Harlan 1834
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Invalid names: Mosasaurus maximilliani Goldfuss 1845 [synonym], Mosasaurus neovidii von Meyer 1845 [synonym]
†Mosasaurus mokoroa Welles and Gregg 1971
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Invalid names: Leiodon haumuriensis Hector 1874 [synonym]
†Mosasaurus occidentalis Morton 1844
†Mosasaurus prismaticus Sakurai et al. 1999
†Mosasaurus scanicus Schröder 1885
Invalid names: Amphekepubis Mehl 1930 [synonym], Baseodon Leidy 1865 [synonym], Batrachiosaurus Harlan 1839 [synonym], Batrachotherium Harlan 1839 [synonym], Drepanodon Leidy 1861 [synonym], Lesticodus Leidy 1861 [synonym], Macrosaurus Owen 1849 [synonym], Mosasaurus impar Leidy 1856 [nomen dubium], Mosasaurus reversus Leidy 1865 [nomen dubium], Nectoportheus Cope 1868 [synonym], Pterycollosaurus Dollo 1882 [synonym]
G. †Polygonodon Leidy 1856
Unr. †Prognathodontini Russell 1967
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Invalid names: Globindensini Bell 1997 [empty], Leiodontini Lingham-Soliar 1995 [empty], Plotosaurini Russell 1967 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available