PBDB Taxon

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Odenwaldia

Amphibia - Temnospondyli

Taxonomy

Odenwaldia was named by Morales and Kamphausen (1984). Its type is Odenwaldia heidelbergensis. It was considered monophyletic by Schoch (2011).

It was assigned to Eocyclotosaurinae by Morales and Kamphausen (1984); to Benthosuchidae by Carroll (1988); to Heylerosauridae by Damiani (2001); and to Capitosauroidea by Schoch and Milner (2000) and Schoch (2011).

Species

O. heidelbergensis (type species), Parotosaurus lapparenti

Synonyms

Parotosaurus lapparenti was named by Lehman (1971). Its type specimen is MNHN ZAR 31, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Gour Laoud, locality 5003, base of Lower Sandstones, which is in a Spathian/Anisian fluvial-lacustrine sandstone in the Lower Zarzaïtine Formation of Algeria.

It was recombined as Stanocephalosaurus lapparenti by Schoch and Milner (2000); it was considered a nomen dubium by Damiani (2001).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1971	Parotosaurus lapparenti Lehman p. 83
1984	Odenwaldia Morales and Kamphausen
1988	Odenwaldia Carroll
2000	Odenwaldia Schoch and Milner p. 136
2000	Stanocephalosaurus lapparenti Schoch and Milner p. 146
2001	Odenwaldia Damiani p. 396
2011	Odenwaldia Schoch

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda

Rank	Name	Author
class	Amphibia
order	Temnospondyli	()
—	Eutemnospondyli
—	Rhachitomi	()
—	Eryopiformes
—	Stereospondylomorpha
—	Stereospondyli	()
—	Superstes
—	Capitosauria
—	Capitosauroidea	()
genus	Odenwaldia

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Odenwaldia Morales and Kamphausen 1984

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†Odenwaldia heidelbergensis Morales and Kamphausen 1984

Invalid names: Parotosaurus lapparenti Lehman 1971 [nomen dubium]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
R. R. Schoch 2011	Autapomorphies: (1) small orbits combined with broad interorbital distance; (2) preorbital region slender, with nasals and lacrimals narrower than frontals, (3) dermal ornament consists of small, similarly sized polygons, but no elongated ridges. (Schoch 2008a). Homoplasies: (a) Anterior palatal fenestra paired (shared with many trematosaurids, metoposaurids, and some capitosauroids); (b) prenarial portion of premaxilla slightly elongated (shared with Benthosuchus, but not as extreme); (c) supraorbital sulcus traverses lacrimal (shared with Benthosuchus, all trematosaurids, Yuanansuchus, Mastodonsaurus, Eocyclotosaurus, Quasicyclotosaurus); (d) posterior quadrate boss (shared with many primitive capitosaurs: Wetlugasaurus, Watsonisuchus, Parotosuchus). (e.g., Schoch 2008a). Plesiomorphies: (i) tabular horns directed posteriorly, constricting otic notch only faintly; (ii) postorbital with large lateral projection, widely separated from prefrontal; (iii) prefrontal and postfrontal apparently sutured (a plesiomorphic state among capitosaurs, shared only with Wetlugasaurus).