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Panthera
Taxonomy
Panthera was named by Oken (1816) [name conserved by the ICZN (opinion 1368)]. It is extant.
It was assigned to Felinae by Kurten and Anderson (1980), Johnson et al. (2006); to Pantherinae by Mazak et al. (2011), Tseng et al. (2013), Breitenmoser and Breitenmoser (2017); and to Felidae by Oken (1816), Capasso Barbato and Gliozzi (1995), Geraads (1997), Sotnikova and Nikolskiy (2006), Werdelin and Peigne (2010), Eshelman et al. (2025).
It was assigned to Felinae by Kurten and Anderson (1980), Johnson et al. (2006); to Pantherinae by Mazak et al. (2011), Tseng et al. (2013), Breitenmoser and Breitenmoser (2017); and to Felidae by Oken (1816), Capasso Barbato and Gliozzi (1995), Geraads (1997), Sotnikova and Nikolskiy (2006), Werdelin and Peigne (2010), Eshelman et al. (2025).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1816 | Panthera Oken |
| 1829 | Leo Brehm |
| 1843 | Tigris Gray |
| 1980 | Panthera Kurten and Anderson p. 191 |
| 1995 | Panthera Capasso Barbato and Gliozzi p. 241 |
| 1997 | Panthera Geraads p. 144 |
| 2006 | Panthera Johnson et al. p. 74 |
| 2006 | Panthera Sotnikova and Nikolskiy p. 220 |
| 2010 | Panthera Werdelin and Peigne p. 652 |
| 2011 | Panthera Mazak et al. |
| 2013 | Panthera Tseng et al. |
| 2017 | Panthera Breitenmoser and Breitenmoser p. 66 |
| 2025 | Panthera Eshelman et al. p. 142 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Panthera Oken 1816
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Subg. Panthera (Jaguarius) Simpson 1941
†Panthera balamoides Stinnesbeck et al. 2018
†Panthera blytheae Tseng et al. 2013
†Panthera gombaszoegensis Kretzoi 1938
Panthera leo Linnaeus 1758 [lion]
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†Panthera leo atrox Leidy 1853
†Panthera leo spelaea Goldfuss 1810
Invalid names: Felis imperialis Leidy 1873 [synonym], Panthera onca mesembrina Cabrera 1934 [synonym]
Panthera onca Linnaeus 1758 [jaguar]
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Invalid names: Felis augustus Leidy 1872 [synonym], Felis listai Roth 1899 [synonym], Felis veronis Hay 1919 [synonym]
†Panthera palaeosinensis Qiu et al. 2004
Panthera pardus Linnaeus 1758 [leopard]
Panthera tigris Linnaeus 1758 [tiger]
Panthera uncia Schreber 1775 [snow leopard]
†Panthera zdanskyi Mazak et al. 2011
Invalid names: Leo Brehm 1829 [synonym], Tigris Gray 1843 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available