PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Canis latrans (coyote)

Mammalia - Carnivora - Canidae

Taxonomy

Canis latrans was named by Say (1823). It is extant.

It was recombined as Chrysocyon latrans by Bourguignat (1875).

Subspecies

Canis ochropus orcutti

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

C. kronstadtensis, C. multicuspus, C. ocropus, C. orientalis

Synonyms

Canis andersoni was named by Merriam (1910). Its type specimen is UCMP 12249, a skull, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nowak (1979) and Kurten and Anderson (1980).
Canis caneloensis was named by Skinner (1942).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nowak (1979) and Kurten and Anderson (1980).
Canis clepticus was named by Eliot (1903).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).
Canis estor was named by Merriam (1897).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Hall (1981).
Canis frustror was named by Woodhouse (1851).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Jackson (1951) and Hall (1981).
Canis goldmani was named by Merriam (1904).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).
Canis hondurensis was named by Goldman (1936).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Jackson (1951) and Hall (1981).
Canis impavidus was named by Allen (1903).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).
Canis irvingtonensis was named by Savage (1951). Its type locality is Irvington, which is in an Irvingtonian terrestrial horizon in California.

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nowak (1979), Kurten and Anderson (1980) and Albright (1999).
Canis jamesi was named by Townsend (1912).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).
Canis lestes was named by Merriam (1897).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Grinnell (1913) and Hall (1981).
Canis mearnsi was named by Merriam (1897).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).
Canis microdon was named by Merriam (1897).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).
Canis nebrascensis was named by Merriam (1898) [replacement for "C. pallidus"].

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Hall (1981).
Canis ochropus was named by Eschscholtz (1829).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).
Canis peninsulae was named by Merriam (1897).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).
Canis riviveronis was named by Hay (1917). Its type locality is Vero, which is in a Pleistocene channel sandstone/sandstone in Florida.

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nowak (1979) and Kurten and Anderson (1980).
Canis vigilis was named by Merriam (1897).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).
Lyciscus cagottis was named by Hamilton-Smith (1839).

It was synonymized subjectively with Canis latrans by Nelson (1932) and Hall (1981).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1823	Canis latrans Say
1829	Canis ochropus Eschscholtz
1839	Lyciscus cagottis Hamilton-Smith
1851	Canis frustror Woodhouse
1875	Chrysocyon latrans Bourguignat
1897	Canis estor Merriam
1897	Canis lestes Merriam
1897	Canis mearnsi Merriam
1897	Canis microdon Merriam
1897	Canis peninsulae Merriam
1897	Canis vigilis Merriam
1898	Canis nebrascensis Merriam
1902	Canis latrans Hay p. 775
1903	Canis impavidus Allen
1903	Canis clepticus Eliot
1904	Canis goldmani Merriam
1910	Canis andersoni Merriam p. 393
1912	Canis jamesi Townsend
1917	Canis riviveronis Hay
1931	Canis lestes Elftman p. 7
1935	Canis latrans Schultz and Howard p. 284
1935	Canis microdon Schultz and Howard p. 284
1936	Canis hondurensis Goldman
1942	Canis caneloensis Skinner
1951	Canis irvingtonensis Savage
1966	Canis latrans Slaughter p. 479
1966	Canis andersoni Slaughter p. 480
1966	Canis caneloensis Slaughter p. 480
1978	Canis latrans van Gelder
1980	Canis latrans Kurten and Anderson p. 167
2008	Canis latrans Wang et al.
2009	Canis latrans Tedford et al. p. 131 figs. 40, 43, 44, 49A–H, 50–52; appendices 2–4
2018	Canis latrans Eshelman et al. p. 8
2019	Canis latrans Albright et al. p. 173

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
—	Osteichthyes	()
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Ferae	()
—	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
—	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora
family	Canidae
subfamily	Caninae	Gill 1872
genus	Canis
species	latrans	Say 1823

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Canis latrans Say 1823 [coyote]

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†Canis ochropus orcutti Merriam 1910

Invalid names: Canis andersoni Merriam 1910 [synonym], Canis caneloensis Skinner 1942 [synonym], Canis clepticus Eliot 1903 [synonym], Canis estor Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis frustror Woodhouse 1851 [synonym], Canis goldmani Merriam 1904 [synonym], Canis hondurensis Goldman 1936 [synonym], Canis impavidus Allen 1903 [synonym], Canis irvingtonensis Savage 1951 [synonym], Canis jamesi Townsend 1912 [synonym], Canis lestes Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis mearnsi Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis microdon Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis nebrascensis Merriam 1898 [synonym], Canis ochropus Eschscholtz 1829 [synonym], Canis peninsulae Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis riviveronis Hay 1917 [synonym], Canis vigilis Merriam 1897 [synonym], Lyciscus cagottis Hamilton-Smith 1839 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available