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Cirsotrema

Gastropoda - Epitoniidae

Taxonomy
Cirsotrema was named by Mörch (1852) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-m-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 123,899]. It is extant. Its type is Scalaria varicosa.

It was reranked as Scalaria (Cirsotrema) by Tate (1890); it was reranked as Scala (Cirsostrema) by Dall (1907); it was reranked as Scala (Cirsotrema) by Vredenburg (1928); it was reranked as Epitonium (Cirsotrema) by Durham (1937), Durham (1944), Hertlein and Stong (1951), Addicott (1970).

It was assigned to Scalaria by Tate (1890); to Scala by Dall (1907), Vredenburg (1928); to Epitonium by Durham (1937), Durham (1944), Hertlein and Stong (1951), Addicott (1970); to Neotaenioglossa by Sepkoski (2002); and to Epitoniidae by Harris and Palmer (1947), Olsson (1967), Maxwell (1978), Squires (1984), Dushane (1988), Wilson (1993), Todd (2001), Wienrich (2001), Harzhauser (2002), Duerr (2004), Darragh (2017), Schnetler et al. (2024).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1852Cirsotrema Mörch
1890Scalaria (Cirsotrema) Tate
1907Scala (Cirsostrema) Dall p. 128
1928Scala (Cirsotrema) Vredenburg p. 402
1937Epitonium (Cirsotrema) Durham p. 490
1944Epitonium (Cirsotrema) Durham p. 158
1947Cirsotrema Harris and Palmer p. 237
1951Epitonium (Cirsotrema) Hertlein and Stong p. 89
1967Cirsotrema Olsson p. 40
1970Epitonium (Cirsotrema) Addicott p. 54
1978Cirsotrema Maxwell p. 36
1984Cirsotrema Squires p. 21
1988Cirsotrema Dushane p. 56
1993Cirsotrema Wilson p. 274
2001Cirsotrema Todd
2001Cirsotrema Wienrich p. 450
2002Cirsotrema Harzhauser p. 93
2002Cirsotrema Sepkoski
2004Cirsotrema Duerr p. 152
2017Cirsotrema Darragh p. 55
2024Cirsotrema Schnetler et al. p. 16

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
RankNameAuthor
phylumMollusca
classGastropoda
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
superfamilyEpitonioidea(Berry 1910)
familyEpitoniidaeBerry 1910
genusCirsotremaMörch 1852

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. Cirsotrema Mörch 1852
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Subg. †Cirsotrema (Plastiscala) Iredale 1936
Subg. †Cirsotrema (Propescala) Cotton 1931
Subg. †Cirsotrema (Rectacirsa) Iredale 1936
Subg. Cirsotrema (Tioria) Marwick 1928
†Cirsotrema crassicostatum Deshayes 1839
Cirsotrema dalli Rehder 1945
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Invalid names: Cirsotrema (Cirsotremopsis) arcella Rehder 1945 [synonym]
†Cirsotrema dubiosa Eames 1952
†Cirsotrema fimbriosa Wood 1842
†Cirsotrema funiculus Wood 1872
†Cirsotrema gagei Maxwell 1978
†Cirsotrema hauniensis Schnetler 2001
†Cirsotrema preyoungi Iqbal 1980
†Cirsotrema tenuisculptum Whiteaves 1879
Cirsotrema togatum Hertlein and Strong 1951
Cirsotrema varicosa Lamarck 1822
†Epitonium (Cirsotrema) pasoense Anderson and Martin 1914
†Epitonium (Cirsotrema) posoensis Anderson and Martin 1914
†Scala (Cirsotrema) subtenuilamella d'Archiac and Haime 1854
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
J. W. Durham 1937Shell thick and massive, sometimes very large; whorls convex, sutures deep; ornamented by thick axial varices, foliaceous or crenulated, more or less reflexed posteriorly, usually not continuous from whorl to whorl, but masking suture completely; primary spirals very coarse, often with finer spirals in interspaces; basal disk bounded by a very prominent posterior "enlargement" of the varices not continuous between any two varices; aperture almost circular; peristome thick and continuous although the inner lip may be somewhat thinner; ornamentation very variable. Living in Philippines and Oceanica.