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Boreoscala
Taxonomy
Boreoscala was named by Kobelt (1905) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-u R Sepkoski's reference number: 158]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Epitonium (Boreoscala) by Durham (1937), Durham (1944), Ladd (1972), Hickman (1980), Oleinik and Marincovich (2003).
It was assigned to Scalidae by Abbass (1967); to Epitoniidae by DuShane (1979); to Neotaenioglossa by Sepkoski (2002); and to Epitonium by Durham (1937), Durham (1944), Ladd (1972), Hickman (1980), Oleinik and Marincovich (2003).
It was reranked as Epitonium (Boreoscala) by Durham (1937), Durham (1944), Ladd (1972), Hickman (1980), Oleinik and Marincovich (2003).
It was assigned to Scalidae by Abbass (1967); to Epitoniidae by DuShane (1979); to Neotaenioglossa by Sepkoski (2002); and to Epitonium by Durham (1937), Durham (1944), Ladd (1972), Hickman (1980), Oleinik and Marincovich (2003).
Species
B. faizae, Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni, Epitonium (Boreoscala) coosense, Epitonium (Boreoscala) earlturneri, Epitonium (Boreoscala) hemphilli, Epitonium (Boreoscala) insecuritum, Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense, Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyensis, Epitonium (Boreoscala) wagneri, Epitonium (Boreoscala) wyattdurhami
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1905 | Boreoscala Kobelt p. 23 |
| 1908 | Catenoscala Dall p. 80 |
| 1909 | Epitonium (Catenoscala) Dall |
| 1937 | Epitonium (Boreoscala) Durham p. 493 |
| 1944 | Epitonium (Boreoscala) Durham p. 156 |
| 1967 | Boreoscala Abbass p. 43 |
| 1972 | Epitonium (Boreoscala) Ladd p. 51 |
| 1979 | Boreoscala DuShane p. 105e |
| 1980 | Epitonium (Boreoscala) Hickman p. 26 |
| 2002 | Boreoscala Sepkoski |
| 2002 | Catenoscala Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Epitonium (Boreoscala) Oleinik and Marincovich Jr p. 40 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Boreoscala Kobelt 1905
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†Boreoscala faizae Abbass 1967
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni Dall 1909
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†Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni hadlockense Durham 1937
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni quimperense Durham 1937
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni townsendense Durham 1937
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni woodmanense Durham 1937
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) condoni eugenense Durham 1937
Epitonium (Boreoscala) coosense Durham 1937
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) earlturneri Durham 1937
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) hemphilli Dall 1878
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) insecuritum Hanna 1924
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyense Durham 1937
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) keaseyensis Durham 1937
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) wagneri Durham 1937
†Epitonium (Boreoscala) wyattdurhami Hickman 1980
Invalid names: Epitonium (Catenoscala) Dall 1908 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| J. W. Durham 1937 | Shell usually large, heavy; with prominent varices that cross basal keel and continue to aperture; distinct axial sculpture; basal disk present, rather indistinct, bounded by a well-marked keel; aperture oval, outer lip thickened by last varix, inner lip thin; anterior auricle present |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, c = class | |||||
| References: Beu et al. 1990, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Bartonian to the top of the Late/Upper Miocene or 41.03000 to 5.33300 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 37.71 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 37.71 Ma
Collections (59 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eocene | USA (California) | Epitonium condoni (194549) | |
| Lutetian - Bartonian | Russian Federation (Kamchatka) | Epitonium sp. (7275) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (California) | Epitonium condoni (194440 194586) Epitonium sp. (194186) | |
| Bartonian | Russian Federation (Kamchatka) | Epitonium sp. (5946 8049) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Washington) | Epitonium condoni (203164) Epitonium insecuritum (200105) | |
| Bartonian | Egypt | B. faizae (2959) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Oregon) | Epitonium earlturneri (200100) | |
| Bartonian - Priabonian | Russian Federation | Epitonium keaseyense (50151) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | USA (Washington) | Epitonium condoni (4900) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | USA (California) | Epitonium condoni (71161 71170 71173 71175 71176 71178) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Oregon) | Epitonium condoni (38940 38988 39021 40182 233549) Epitonium condoni, Epitonium wyattdurhami (40188) Epitonium keaseyense (39952 40194 40198 40200 40201) Epitonium keaseyensis (126108) Epitonium schencki (39945 39949 39959 40189 40195 40204) Epitonium schencki, Epitonium condoni (40183 40199) Epitonium schencki, Epitonium condoni, Epitonium wyattdurhami, Epitonium keaseyense (40186 40197) Epitonium schencki, Epitonium keaseyense (39942 39958 40185 40193) Epitonium schencki, Epitonium keaseyensis (40191) Epitonium schencki, Epitonium wyattdurhami, Epitonium keaseyense (40192) Epitonium wyattdurhami (40184) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Washington) | Epitonium condoni, Epitonium condoni, Epitonium condoni (91606) Epitonium condoni, Epitonium keaseyense (40733) Epitonium schencki (39964) | |
| Priabonian | Tonga | Epitonium sp. (43006) | |
| Priabonian - Rupelian | USA (Oregon) | Epitonium schencki, Epitonium condoni, Epitonium keaseyense (40187) | |
| Rupelian | USA (Washington) | Epitonium schencki (39965) | |
| Oligocene | USA (Washington) | Epitonium condoni (208139) | |
| Chattian | USA (Oregon) | Epitonium condoni (57052) | |
| Chattian | USA (Alaska) | Epitonium groenlandica (195951 195953) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Japan | Epitonium yabei (71050) |