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Taxonomy
Pronucula was named by Hedley (1902) [Sepkoski's age data: T Ol-u R]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Nucula (Pronucula) by Le Renard (1986), Huber (2010).
It was assigned to Nuculoida by Sepkoski (2002); to Nuculidae by Vokes (1980), Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984), Spencer et al. (2004); and to Nucula by Le Renard (1986), Huber (2010).
It was reranked as Nucula (Pronucula) by Le Renard (1986), Huber (2010).
It was assigned to Nuculoida by Sepkoski (2002); to Nuculidae by Vokes (1980), Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984), Spencer et al. (2004); and to Nucula by Le Renard (1986), Huber (2010).
Subtaxa
Species lacking formal opinion data
Nucula angusta, Nucula aptera, Nucula calliope, Nucula cipleyensis, Nucula ciplyensis, Nucula cochlear, Nucula dasa, Nucula defuniak, Nucula dixoni, Nucula eudorae, Nucula fritschi, Nucula guillermensis, Nucula indica, Nucula mametschinskensis, Nucula meadinga, Nucula microconcentrica, Nucula otamatea, Nucula pectinata, Nucula planata, Nucula potomacensis, Nucula praelongata, Nucula pulchra, Nucula rivulana, Nucula sagittata, Nucula silicea, Nucula stachei, Nucula subtrigona, Nucula waiaotea, Nucula waiotea, Nuculana smithvillensis
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1902 | Pronucula Hedley p. 2 |
| 1980 | Pronucula Vokes p. 2 |
| 1984 | Pronucula Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska p. 92 |
| 1986 | Nucula (Pronucula) Le Renard |
| 2002 | Pronucula Sepkoski |
| 2004 | Pronucula Spencer et al. |
| 2010 | Nucula (Pronucula) Huber p. 85 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subg. Nucula (Pronucula) Hedley 1902
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†Nucula (Pronucula) similis Cossmann and Pissarro 1904
†Pronucula atkinsoni Johnston 1880
Pronucula bollonsi Powell 1955
Pronucula decorosa Hedley 1902
†Pronucula fenestralis Tate 1886
Pronucula kermadecensis Oliver 1915
Pronucula maoria Powell 1937
Pronucula tenuis Powell 1927
†Pronucula totangiensis Marwick 1931
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, c = class | |||||
| References: Mikkelsen and Bieler 2008, Aberhan et al. 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Bartonian to the top of the Pliocene or 41.03000 to 2.58000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 37.71 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 37.71 Ma
Collections (12 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bartonian | United Kingdom (England) | Nucula similis (40523 42648) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | United Kingdom (England) | Nucula similis (39695 39696 42585 42586) Nucula simils (42584) | |
| Priabonian | Bulgaria (Burgas) | Nucula similis (102230) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Australia (Tasmania) | Nucula fenestralis, Nucula atkinsoni (72221) | |
| Middle Miocene | Australia (Victoria) | Nucula atkinsoni (72206) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Australia (South Australia) | Pronucula morundiana (63439) | |
| Pliocene | Antarctica | Pronucula sp. (41576) |