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Balaena mysticetus (bowhead whale)

Osteichthyes - Cetacea - Balaenidae

Taxonomy
Balaena mysticetus was named by Linnaeus (1758) [No type specimen designated, no type locality (Linnaeus, 1758). ]. It is extant.

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1756Balaena vulgaris Brisson p. 347
1756Balaena vulgaris groenlandica Brisson p. 347
1758Balaena mysticetus Linnaeus p. 75
1762Balaena vulgaris Brisson p. 218
1762Balaena vulgaris groenlandica Brisson p. 218
1804Balaena mysticetus Lacépède p. 1
1842Balaena mysticetus De Kay p. 124
1846Balaena mysticetus Gray p. 15
1847Balaena prisca Nilsson
1847Balaena mysticetus Nilsson p. 642
1850Balaena mysticetus Gray p. 12
1864Balaena mysticetus Gray p. 199
1865Balaena mysticetus Flower p. 394
1866Balaena mysticetus Gray p. 81
1868Balaena mysticetus Gray p. 1
1869Balaena mysticetus Scammon and Cope p. 15
1871Balaena mysticetus Gray p. 38
1873Balaena mysticetus Scott p. 132
1874Balaena mysticetus Brandt p. 41
1887Balaena mysticetus Lydekker p. 16
1902Balaena mysticetus Hay p. 601
1904Balaena mysticetus Trouessart p. 787
1911Balaena mysticetus Thomas p. 155
1912Balaena mysticetus Turner p. 21
1966Balaena mysticetus Hershkovitz p. 193
1998Balaena mysticetus Rice p. 64
2003Balaena mysticetus Bisconti p. 15
2005Balaena mysticetus Mead and Brownell p. 723
2006Balaena mysticetus Bouetel and Muizon p. 387
2008Balaena mysticetus Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 981 figs. Fig. 5
2008Balaena mysticetus Uhen et al. p. 618
2009Balaena mysticetus Bisconti p. 153
2011Balaena mysticetus Marx p. 83 figs. Figure 2
2014Balaena mysticetus Tsai et al. p. 87
2015Balaena mysticetus Gol'din and Steeman p. 13 figs. Figure 10
2015Balaena mysticetus Marx and Fordyce p. 4 figs. Figure 2

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
subclassSynapsida
Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
Mammaliamorpha
Mammaliaformes
RankNameAuthor
classMammalia
Cladotheria
Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
Eutheria()
Placentalia
Boreoeutheria
Laurasiatheria
Scrotifera
Euungulata
Artiodactylamorpha
Artiodactyla()
Whippomorpha
orderCetacea
Pelagiceti
Neoceti
suborderMysticeti
Chaeomysticeti()
familyBalaenidae()
genusBalaena
speciesmysticetus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Balaena mysticetus Linnaeus 1758 [bowhead whale]
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Invalid names: Balaena prisca Nilsson 1847 [synonym], Balaena vulgaris Brisson 1756 [synonym], Balaena vulgaris groenlandica Brisson 1756 [synonym]
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
partNmean

Composition: hydroxyapatitesubo
Form: roller-shapedo
Ontogeny: modification of partso
Environment: marinesubo
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: aquaticsubo
Depth habitat: surfaceo
Diet: suspension feederf
Reproduction: viviparouso
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-06-08 12:11:09
Source: f = family, subo = suborder, o = order
References: Nowak 1991, Uhen 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Pleistocene to the top of the Holocene or 2.58000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 0.774 Ma

Collections (357 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774USA (South Carolina) Balaena mysticetus (188304)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Denmark Balaena mysticetus (159733)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Sweden Balaena mysticetus (159732)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Canada (Nunavut) Balaena mysticetus (238805)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Denmark Balaena mysticetus (76052 76057 96118 96119 96122 96124 96125 159731) Balaena sp. (76054 76058) Cetacea indet. (76053)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Sweden Balaena mysticetus (73755 81821 96121)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Ontario) Balaena mysticetus (51022)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom (England) Balaena mysticetus (238916)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Norway Balaena mysticetus (73689 237856 237858 237859 237860 237861 237862 237864 237867 237868 237870 237872 237873 237874 237875 237879 237880 237881 237882 237886)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greenland Balaena mysticetus (107727)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Nunavut) Balaena mysticetus (73697 81838 90878 238801 238802 238803)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Netherlands Balaena mysticetus (240638)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Sweden (Bohuslan) Balaena mysticetus (140009)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Newfoundland) Balaena mysticetus (70839 197058 238804)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Northwest Territories) Balaena mysticetus (73726)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greenland (Jameson Land) Balaena mysticetus (107726)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Yukon) Balaena mysticetus (73692 73693)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Germany (Cologne-Höhenhaus) Balaena mysticetus (240632)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Germany Balaena mysticetus (240633 240634 240637)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Denmark Balaena mysticetus (159706 159715 159716 159722 159723 159724)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Yukon) Balaena mysticetus (228443)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0United Kingdom (Scotland) Balaena mysticetus (238891)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Russian Federation Balaena mysticetus (167955 198900)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Nunavut) Balaena mysticetus (73708 73711 73712 73713 73714 90167 160067 160080 160081 160082 160083 160084 160085 160086 160087 160088 160089 160836 160837 160838 160839 160840 160841 160842 160843 160844 160845 160846 160848 160849 160850 160851 160852 160853 162011 162015 162016 228756 228928 229645 229646 238683 238807 238808 238815 238816 238817 239005 239006 239009 239010 239011 239012 239013 239022 239023 239024 239025 239027 239028 239029 239030 239031 239032 239033 239034 239035 239036 239037 239038 239039 239040 239159 239160 239161 239162 239163 239165 239166 239167 239168 239171 239172 239173 239174 239175 239176 239177 239178 239179 239180 239181 239182 239183 239184 239185 239187 239188 239190 239191 239192 239193 239194 239195 239197 239198 239199 239201 239202 239203 239204 239271 239272 239273 239274 239275 239276 239277 239278 239279 239280 239281 239282 239283 239284 239285 239286 239287 239288 239289 239290 239291 239292 239293 239294 239295 239296 239297 239298 239299 239300 239301 239417 239648 239649 239650 239653 239654 239655 239656 239657 239658 239659 239660 239661 239662 239663 239688 239690 239723 239724 239836 239837 239838 239839 239840 239841 239842 239843 239849 239853 239854 239855 239856 239857 239858 239876 239877 239878 239879 239880 239881 240671 240672 240673 240674 240675 240676 240677 240678 240679 240680 240681 240682 240683 240684 240685 240686 240687 240688 240689 240774 240775 240776 240777 240778 240779 240780 240782 240783 240784 240785 240786 240787 240788 240789 240790 240791 240859 240861 240864 240865 240867 240868 240869 240870 240872 240873 240874 240875 240876 240877 240879 240880 240881 240882 240883 240884 240885 240889 240890) Cetacea indet. (162018)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Balaena mysticetus (66444)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Niunavut) Balaena mysticetus (239170)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (New York) Balaena mysticetus (221770)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Sweden Balaena mysticetus (186597) Balaena prisca (87147)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Norway (Sptisbergen) Balaena mysticetus (71000)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Ontario) Balaena mysticetus (160847 238806)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Balaena mysticetus (162116)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Greenland Balaena mysticetus (162641 229885 229939 229940 229942 230120 239189 239200)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Denmark (Greenland) Balaena mysticetus (84373)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Quebec) Balaena mysticetus (221904 228861)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0United Kingdom (England) Balaena mysticetus (86521 238922 238923 238927 238946)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Germany Balaena mysticetus (159717)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Norway Balaena mysticetus (81839 237887 237891 237894 237906)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Labrador) Balaena mysticetus (224252)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Balaena mysticetus (228921 228925 228926 239008 239026 239041)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Norway (Barentsoya) Balaena mysticetus (18195)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Canada (Newfoundland) Balaena mysticetus (228844 239196)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0USA (Alaska) Balaena mysticetus (167954 175950 175951 240878)