PBDB Taxon

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Arthrodytes andrewsi

Osteichthyes - Spheniscidae

Taxonomy

Paraptenodytes andrewsi was named by Ameghino (1901).

It was synonymized subjectively with Arthrodytes grandis by Simpson (1972); it was recombined as Arthrodytes andrewsi by Ameghino (1905), Lambrecht (1933), Simpson (1946), Acosta Hospitaleche (2005), Acosta Hospitaleche and Tambussi (2008), Tambussi et al. (2023).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1901	Paraptenodytes andrewsi Ameghino p. 81
1905	Arthrodytes andrewsi Ameghino p. 146
1933	Arthrodytes andrewsi Lambrecht p. 233
1946	Arthrodytes andrewsi Simpson p. 35
1963	Paraptenodytes andrewsi Brodkorb p. 239
2005	Arthrodytes andrewsi Acosta Hospitaleche p. 411
2008	Arthrodytes andrewsi Acosta Hospitaleche and Tambussi p. 121
2023	Arthrodytes andrewsi Tambussi et al. p. 272

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
—	Sauropsida
class	Reptilia
subclass	Eureptilia	()
—	Romeriida
—	Diapsida	()
—	Archosauromorpha	(Huene 1946)
—	Crocopoda
—	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986

Rank	Name	Author
—	Eucrocopoda
—	Archosauria	()
informal	Avemetatarsalia
—	Ornithodira
—	Dinosauromorpha
—	Dinosauriformes
—	Dinosauria	()
—	Saurischia	()
—	Theropoda	()
—	Neotheropoda
—	Averostra	Paul 2002
—	Tetanurae
—	Coelurosauria	()
—	Maniraptora
—	Paraves
class	Aves
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
—	Aequornithes
—	Feraequornithes
superorder	Procellariimorphae
—	Sphenisciformes	(Sharpe 1891)
family	Spheniscidae	Bonaparte 1831
genus	Arthrodytes
species	andrewsi	()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Arthrodytes andrewsi Ameghino 1901

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Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
C. Acosta Hospitaleche and C. Tambussi 2008	Considerably larger than any other South American species. Humerus. Straight diaphysis and angulus preaxialis larger than in Paraptenodytes. Elongate condylus ventralis and dorsalis, whereas they are rounded in Paraptenodytes Total length of 142 mm. Femur. Large in size and dyaphysis rounded in section but depressed distally. Deep and well defined fossa poplitea. Absence of linea intermuscularis.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

hydroxyapatiteo

Entire body:

yeso

Adult length:

10 to < 100o

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10o

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10o

Architecture:

compact or denseo

Ontogeny:

accretion, modification of partso

Grouping:

solitaryo

Environment:

marineo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

ground dwellingo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Reproduction:

oviparouso

Dispersal:

direct/internalo

Dispersal 2:

mobileo

Created:

2017-04-17 10:40:01

Modified:

2017-04-17 10:40:01

Source: subo = suborder, o = order

References: Marsh 1875, Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004, Benton 1983

Age range: Aquitanian or 23.04000 to 20.45000 Ma

Collections: one only

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Aquitanian	23.04 - 20.45	Argentina	Arthrodytes andrewsi (45887)