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Craniopsidae
Taxonomy
Craniopsidae was named by Williams (1963).
It was assigned to Lingulacea by Mitchell (1977), Temple (1987); to Craniopsioidea by Williams et al. (2000); and to Craniopsoidea by Popov et al. (2000), Cocks (2019).
It was assigned to Lingulacea by Mitchell (1977), Temple (1987); to Craniopsioidea by Williams et al. (2000); and to Craniopsoidea by Popov et al. (2000), Cocks (2019).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1963 | Craniopsidae Williams |
| 1977 | Craniopsidae Mitchell |
| 1987 | Craniopsidae Temple p. 26 |
| 2000 | Craniopsidae Popov et al. |
| 2000 | Craniopsidae Williams et al. p. 164 |
| 2019 | Craniopsidae Cocks p. 35 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Craniopsidae Williams 1963
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G. †Craniops Hall 1859
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†Craniops hamiltoniae Hall 1867
†Craniops popovi Cocks 2019
†Craniops pristina Popov and Cocks 2014
†Craniops subtruncata Hall 1847
Invalid names: Pholidops Hall 1859 [synonym]
G. †Discinopsis Hall and Clarke 1892
G. †Paracraniops Williams 1963
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†Paracraniops ellipticus Goriansky 1972
†Paracraniops pararius Williams 1962
†Paracraniops patillis Rong 1979
G. †Pseudopholidops
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†Pseudopholidops anteglacialis Mergl 2012
Invalid names: Sanxiaella [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order, c = class, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Williams et al. 1996, Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Dyeran to the top of the Osagean or 515.30000 to 342.90000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 509.7 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 509.7 Ma
Collections (405 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dyeran | Greenland | Craniopsidae indet. (49464 49473) | |
| Soudleyan | United Kingdom (Wales) | Paracraniops glaber (3362) Paracraniops sp. (3301 192387) | |
| Soudleyan | United Kingdom (England) | Paracraniops sp. (3302 3303) | |
| Soudleyan - Marshbrookian | United Kingdom (Wales) | Paracraniops sp. (3368 3372) | |
| Soudleyan - Marshbrookian | United Kingdom (England) | Paracraniops sp. (3648 3649 3651 3652 3653 3654) | |
| Sandbian | China (Hubei) | Paracraniops sp. (186304) | |
| Caradoc | Canada (Quebec) | Craniops subtruncata (77222) | |
| Caradoc | Canada (Ontario) | Craniops sp. (64478 64482 64561) Pholidops trentonensis (26276) | |
| Caradoc | USA (Virginia) | Craniops sp. (50611 50614 50645 50650 50652 50654 50657) | |
| Caradoc | Kazakhstan | Paracraniops sp. (80264 116277) | |
| Caradoc - Ashgill | Russian Federation (Taimyr) | Paracraniops sp. (37637) | |
| Late/Upper Ordovician | USA (New York) | Lingulapholis sp. (347) | |
| Late/Upper Ordovician | USA (Virginia) | Craniops sp. (343) | |
| Mohawkian | USA (Virginia) | Craniops sp. (85581 85583 85585 85586 85588 85590 85591 85592 85593 85595 85596 85597 85598 85599 85600 85601 85602 85603 85604 85605 85608 85609 85611 85612 85614 85624) | |
| Blackriveran | USA (Oklahoma) | Craniops tenuis (23895) | |
| Rocklandian | USA (Minnesota) | Pholidops minor (219965) | |
| Rocklandian - Shermanian | USA (Minnesota) | Craniops minor (23290) | |
| Shermanian | USA (Illinois, Iowa) | Craniops minor (23799 23800 23801) | |
| Shermanian | USA (Minnesota) | Craniops minor (23278) | |
| Longvillian | United Kingdom (Walers) | Paracraniops sp. (3304) | |