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Liwiinae
Taxonomy
Liwiidae was named by Dzik and Lendzion (1988).
It was reranked as the subfamily Liwiinae by Mayers et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Naraoiidae by Mayers et al. (2019); and to Nektaspida by Budd (1999) and Pérez-Peris et al. (2020).
It was reranked as the subfamily Liwiinae by Mayers et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Naraoiidae by Mayers et al. (2019); and to Nektaspida by Budd (1999) and Pérez-Peris et al. (2020).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1988 | Liwiidae Dzik and Lendzion |
| 1999 | Liwiidae Budd |
| 2019 | Liwiinae Mayers et al. p. 35 |
| 2020 | Liwiidae Pérez-Peris et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subfm. †Liwiinae Dzik and Lendzion 1988
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G. †Soomaspis Fortey and Theron 1995
G. †Tariccoia Hammann et al. 1990
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†Tariccoia arrusensis Hammann et al. 1990
†Tariccoia tazagurtensis Pérez-Peris et al. 2020
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| G. E. Budd 1999 | Nektaspids with more than one axial articulation. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, o = order, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Budd 1999 | |||||
Age range: base of the Atdabanian to the top of the Hirnantian or 521.00000 to 443.40000 Ma
Collections (5 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atdabanian | Poland (Masovian Voivodeship) | Liwia convexa (90599) | |
| Atdabanian | Poland (Pomeranian Voivodeship) | Liwia plana (90598) | |
| Tremadocian | Morocco | Tariccoia tazagurtensis (96112) | |
| Berounian | Italy (Sardinia) | Tariccoia arrusensis (215899) | |
| Hirnantian | South Africa | Soomaspis splendida (26994) |