Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Hypnosqualea

Chondrichthyes

Taxonomy
Hypnosqualea was named by Carvalho and Maisey (1996).

It was assigned to Neoselachii by Underwood and Ward (2004); and to Squalea by Delsate (2003), Kriwet (2005).

Subtaxa
Protospinacidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1996Hypnosqualea Carvalho and Maisey
2003Hypnosqualea Delsate p. 9
2004Hypnosqualea Underwood and Ward p. 483
2005Hypnosqualea Kriwet

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
RankNameAuthor
classChondrichthyes
subclassElasmobranchiiBonaparte 1838
infraclassEuselachii()
—NeoselachiiCompagno 1977
superorderSqualeaShirai 1996
superorderHypnosqualeaCarvalho and Maisey 1996
superorderHypnosqualeaCarvalho and Maisey 1996

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superor. †Hypnosqualea Carvalho and Maisey 1996
show all | hide all
Fm. †Protospinacidae Woodward 1919
hide
G. †Breviacanthus Maisey 1976
hide
†Breviacanthus brevis Philips 1871
G. †Protospinax Woodward 1919
hide
†Protospinax annectans Woodward 1919
†Protospinax bilobatus Underwood and Ward 2004
†Protospinax carvalhoi Underwood and Ward 2004
†Protospinax magnus Underwood and Ward 2004
†Protospinax planus Underwood 2002
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: nektonicc
Diet: carnivorec
Created: 2004-08-17 13:49:23
Modified: 2009-12-13 03:31:01
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Wagner 2023

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Toarcian to the top of the Early/Lower Valanginian or 180.40000 to 132.60000 Ma

Collections (24 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Toarcian184.2 - 174.7Germany Protospinax sp. (148936)
Levesquei182.9 - 174.7Luxembourg Protospinax sp. (148935)
Variabilis182.9 - 174.7Luxembourg Protospinax sp. (141383 141384)
Late/Upper Toarcian180.4 - 174.7Germany Protospinax sp. (139230)
Thouarsense180.4 - 174.7Luxembourg Protospinax sp. (141386 141387 141389)
Early/Lower Bajocian170.9 - 168.6France (Grand Est) Protospinax bilobatus, Protospinax magnus (179498)
Laeviuscula170.9 - 168.2France Protospinax carvalhoi (179497)
Bathonian168.2 - 165.3United Kingdom (England) Protospinax bilobatus (91450)
Bathonian168.2 - 165.3United Kingdom Nemacanthus brevis (131844)
Late/Upper Bathonian168.2 - 165.3United Kingdom (England) Breviacanthus brevis (91449)
Middle Bathonian - Late/Upper Bathonian168.2 - 165.3Poland Protospinax sp. 1 (141283) Protospinax sp. 2 (141286)
Callovian165.3 - 161.5United Kingdom Protospinax annectans (137185)
Late/Upper Callovian165.3 - 161.5Luxembourg Protospinax sp. 1, Protospinax sp. 2, Protospinax annectans (91447)
Late/Upper Callovian165.3 - 161.5Poland Protospinax sp. 1, Protospinax sp. 2 (117993)
Middle Callovian165.3 - 161.5Poland Protospinax sp. 1, Protospinax sp. 2 (97035)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Germany Protospinax lochensteinensis (137169)
Late/Upper Oxfordian157.9 - 154.8Spain Protospinax sp. (151900)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian152.21 - 145.06United Kingdom (England) Protospinax planus (140224)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Germany Protospinax annectans (121197)
Early/Lower Valanginian137.05 - 132.6France (Gard) Protospinax sp. (213631)