PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Lunulacardium

Bivalvia - Myalinida - Lunulacardiidae

Taxonomy

Lunulacardium was named by Münster (1840) [Sepkoski's age data: S u C l Sepkoski's reference number: 1066].

It was assigned to Bivalvia by Hall (1885); to Praecardioida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Lunulacardiidae by Nye et al. (1975), Nagel-Myers and Amler (2007) and Bouchet et al. (2010).

Species

L. curtum, L. excrescens, L. ornatum (syn. Lunulicardium acutirostrum), L. semistriatum, Lunulicardium bifidocostatum, Lunulicardium marcellense

Species lacking formal opinion data

L. bisati, L. evolvens, L. eximium, L. simpelx, L. undulatum

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1840	Lunulacardium Münster
1885	Lunulicardium Hall p. 435
1975	Lunulacardium Nye et al. p. 293
2002	Lunulacardium Sepkoski
2007	Lunulacardium Nagel-Myers and Amler pp. 52 - 53
2010	Lunulacardium Bouchet et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Bivalvia
—	Eubivalvia

Rank	Name	Author
subclass	Autobranchia	(Groblen 1894)
infraclass	Pteriomorphia	(Beurlen 1944)
—	Ostreomorphi	Ferussac 1822
—	Ostreioni	Ferussac 1822
—	Myalinata	Paul 1939
order	Myalinida	Paul 1939
superfamily	Ambonychioidea	(Miller 1877)
family	Lunulacardiidae	Fischer 1887
genus	Lunulacardium

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Lunulacardium Münster 1840

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†Lunulacardium curtum Hall 1870

†Lunulacardium excrescens Münster 1840

†Lunulacardium ornatum Hall 1843

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Invalid names: Lunulicardium acutirostrum Hall 1843 [synonym]

†Lunulacardium semistriatum Münster 1840

†Lunulicardium bifidocostatum Kamenetskaya 1979

†Lunulicardium marcellense Vanuxem 1842

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
J. Nagel-Myers and M. R. W. Amler 2007	Rounded to transversely oval in outline, subcircular ventral margin merging regularly into roundly bent anterior and posterior margins. Posterior part of hinge line straight, anterior straight to slightly convex. Umbo small, central, pointed, opisthogyrate to orthogyrate, main portion often cut off by truncation. Juvenile shell veneriform, turned anticlockwise by 90° compared to orientation of adult shell-body, not affected by truncation. Posterior truncation straight to slightly concave, cutting umbo and dorsal margin. Development, length and angle of truncation variable. Narrow, elongated groove running parallel to anterior portion of hinge-line, developing few parallel corrugations. Truncation creating posterodorsal edge, its declining portion developing irregular corrugate ornamentation more or less parallel to upper ridge of carina. Ornamentation consisting of strong and fi ne irregular radial ribs, fi ne comarginal growth lines, strong comarginal rugae. Internal characters unknown.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitef

Composition 2:

low Mg calcitef

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100g

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10g

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10g

Thickness:

intermediateg

Folds:

noneg

Ribbing:

minorg

Spines:

noneg

Internal reinforcement:

noneg

Locomotion:

facultatively mobilesubc

Life habit:

epifaunalsubc

Diet:

suspension feedersubc

Vision:

blindc

Comments:

BODY SIZE: Data from Cox et al. (1969).g

Created:

2009-06-05 13:34:46

Modified:

2009-06-05 15:34:46

Source: g = genus, f = family, subc = subclass, c = class

References: Hendy 2009, Eaton 1871, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Homerian to the top of the Visean or 430.50000 to 330.90000 Ma

Collections (42 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Homerian	430.5 - 427.4	Czech Republic	L. simpelx (14077)
Gorstian	427.4 - 425.6	Czech Republic	L. spp. (14063)
Ludlow	427.4 - 423.0	Germany (Hessen)	Lunulicardium sp. (38716)
Ludlow - Pridoli	427.4 - 419.2	Morocco	L. eximium (27396)
Ludfordian	425.6 - 423.0	Czech Republic	L. simplex (14064) L. sp. (14037) L. spp. (14067 14071)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	Czech Republic	L. evolvens (13894) L. evolvens, L. compatum (232620) L. sp. (14038)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	Morocco	L. eximium, L. aspirans (27393)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	Poland	L. evolvens (23027 23032) L. evolvens, L. eximium (23029) L. sp. (23034) L. sp., L. evolvens, L. undulatum (13883) L. undulatum, L. evolvens (23021 23022) L. undulatum, L. eximium, L. sp. (23030)
Pridoli	423.0 - 419.2	Italy (Sardinia)	L. sp. (26173)
Pridoli - Lochkovian	423.0 - 410.8	Poland	L. evolvens (13877 13889) L. undulatum, L. evolvens (23028)
Lochkovian	419.2 - 410.8	Morocco	L. evolvens (13936)
Lochkovian	419.2 - 410.8	Poland	L. evolvens (13890) L. undulatum, L. sp. (13881)
Lochkovian	419.2 - 410.8	Czech Republic	L. sp. (14121 231818)
Lochkovian - Pragian	419.2 - 407.6	Russian Federation (Nenets)	Lunulicardium sp. (81605)
Pragian	410.8 - 407.6	Czech Republic (Prague)	L. sp. (76471)
Emsian	407.6 - 393.3	Canada (Quebec)	L. sp. (608)
Late/Upper Emsian - Eifelian	402.5 - 387.7	Russian Federation (Arkhangel'skaya Oblast')	Lunulicardium bifidocostatum (40708)
Eifelian	393.3 - 387.7	USA (New York)	Lunulicardium marcellense (83119)
Givetian	387.7 - 382.7	USA (New York)	L. curtum (9478 9479 9481 9484 9485) Lunulicardium ornatum (96346 111419)
Visean	346.7 - 330.9	United Kingdom (Northern Ireland)	L. bisati (211905)