PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Inoperna

Bivalvia - Mytilida - Mytilidae

Taxonomy

Inoperna was named by Conrad (1873) [Sepkoski's age data: J Plie-u K Maes-u Sepkoski's reference number: 749,790]. It is not extant. Its type is Modiolus (Inoperna) carolinensis.

It was reranked as Modiola (Inoperna) by Riedel (1933).

It was assigned to Modiola by Riedel (1933); to Mytiloida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Mytilidae by Popenoe (1937), Vokes (1980), El Qot (2006), Ros-Franch et al. (2014).

Species

I. (Inoperna), I. (Triasoperna), I. bellarugosa, I. flagellifera, I. perplicata, I. plenicostata, I. sowerbiana

Species lacking formal opinion data

I. plicata, I. sowerbyana, I. transjordanica

Year	Name and author
1873	Inoperna Conrad
1933	Modiola (Inoperna) Riedel p. 36
1937	Inoperna Popenoe p. 382
1980	Inoperna Vokes p. 24
2002	Inoperna Sepkoski
2006	Inoperna El Qot p. 20
2014	Inoperna Ros-Franch et al.

part	N	mean	minimum	maximum	median	s.d.
shell height	2	20.4	19.7	21.1	20.4	0.990
valve height	4	18.4	7.50	31.7	22.0	10.1

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Sevatian	211.18 - 205.7	Iran	I. schafhaeutli (49325 49326 49327 49328 49329)
Rhaetian	205.7 - 201.4	Austria	I. schafhaeutli (27940 27947 27956 27958 27971 28098 28099 28106 28109 28110 28514 28515 28517 28525 28594 28596 28837 115336 160952) Mytilus schafhaeutli (138163)
Rhaetian	205.7 - 201.4	Italy (Lombardy)	Mytilus schafhaeutli (38083)
Rhaetian	205.7 - 201.4	Germany	Mytilus schafhaeutli (173617)
Rhaetian	205.7 - 201.4	Italy	Mytilus schafhaeutli (204952)
Rhaetian	205.7 - 201.4	Iran	I. schafhaeutli (49331)
Davoei	192.9 - 184.2	Spain (Aragon)	I. sp. (146726)
Pliensbachian	192.9 - 184.2	Argentina (San Juan)	I. sp. (33697)
Pliensbachian	192.9 - 184.2	Spain	I. sowerbiana (212055 212067 212214) I. sp. (212208)
Spinatum	192.9 - 184.2	Spain (Aragon)	I. perplicata (146768)
Early/Lower Toarcian	184.2 - 182.9	Spain	I. sowerbiana (25214 25218 25608 25609 25611 25612 25613 25614 25617 25618 25620 25665 25669 25674 25675 25774 25775 25776 25777 25778 25779 25780 26137 26145 26152 26153 26154 26322 26327 26328 26332 26334 26384 26385 26386 26387 26389 26390 26391 26393 26400)
Early/Lower Toarcian	184.2 - 182.9	Thailand	I. plicata (87468 87540)
Early/Lower Toarcian	184.2 - 182.9	Spain (Teruel)	I. sowerbiana (211174 211176 211177 211178 211179 211192 211209 211214 211215 211216)
Early/Lower Toarcian - Middle Toarcian	184.2 - 180.4	Spain	I. sowerbiana (25773 51613)
Middle Toarcian	182.9 - 180.4	Spain	I. sowerbiana (25879)
Middle Toarcian - Late/Upper Toarcian	182.9 - 174.7	Iran	I. sp. (141253)
Late/Upper Toarcian	180.4 - 174.7	Iran	I. striata (141251)
Concavum	174.7 - 170.9	Luxembourg	I. sp. (141485)
Opalinum	174.7 - 170.9	Germany	I. sowerbyana (228458)
Bajocian	170.9 - 168.2	United Kingdom (England)	I. sowerbyana (8522)
Bajocian	170.9 - 168.2	Saudi Arabia	I. sowerbyana (48086 48105 48106)
Discites	170.9 - 168.2	Luxembourg	I. sp. (141487)
Bathonian	168.2 - 165.3	Jordan	I. sp. (35669)
Bathonian	168.2 - 165.3	Saudi Arabia	I. sowerbyana (48142 48405 48451 48454 48456 48457 48484)
Bathonian	168.2 - 165.3	India	I. khadirensis (67667)
Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	India	I. glendayi (68660 68662) I. khadirensis (61467 61542 61556) I. sowerbiana (61540 61873 67584 67585) I. sowerbianus (68657)
Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	Jordan	I. sp. (35666)
Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	Ethiopia	Mytilus perplicatus (93530)
Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	Saudi Arabia	I. plicata (45539 47875) I. sowerbyana (47895 47902 47912 48563 48564 48585 48586 48589 48593 48594 48596 48598 48599 48604 48605) I. sp. (47885)
Early/Lower Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	India	I. sowerbiana (68282 68285)
Late/Upper Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	India	I. khadirensis (67631 68385 68598 68601) I. sowerbiana (61558 61659 68291 68386)
Middle Callovian - Late/Upper Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	Tunisia	I. khadirensis (13607 13664)
Middle Callovian - Late/Upper Callovian	165.3 - 161.5	Saudi Arabia	I. sowerbyana (34544)
Callovian - Oxfordian	165.3 - 154.8	Tunisia	I. khadirensis (13811 13951)
Callovian - Oxfordian	165.3 - 154.8	India	I. glendayi (68644 68647)
Callovian - Oxfordian	165.3 - 154.8	Somalia	Mytilus perplicatus (93020)
Late/Upper Callovian - Late/Upper Oxfordian	165.3 - 154.8	Tunisia	I. khachirensis (13510)
Oxfordian	161.5 - 154.8	Saudi Arabia	I. sowerbyana (45759)
Oxfordian - Kimmeridgian	161.5 - 149.2	Eritrea	Modiola perplicata (94569)
Late/Upper Oxfordian	157.9 - 154.8	France	I. plicata (4849)
Late/Upper Oxfordian	157.9 - 154.8	Germany	I. perplicata (60387)
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Early/Lower Kimmeridgian	157.9 - 152.21	Portugal	I. perplicata (68614)
Late/Upper Oxfordian - Early/Lower Kimmeridgian	157.9 - 152.21	Ethiopia	Mytilus perplicatus (93501)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 152.21	Poland (Pomerania)	I. perplicata (38694)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 152.21	Ethiopia	Mytilus perplicatus (93494)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 152.21	Portugal	I. perplicata (67909 67935 67936 67937 67942 67943 67944)
Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 149.2	China (Xizang)	I. sp. (61451)
Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 149.2	Tanzania	I. perplicata (35458) Modiola perplicata (35569 35572 35573 79094)
Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 149.2	Mexico (Chiapas)	I. perplicata (98672)
Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 149.2	Japan (Fukushima)	I. plicata (40546)
Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 149.2	Portugal	I. periplicata (7054) I. perplicata (7055 7059 7393 7394 7395 7406 7407 7408 7409 8426 8511 8673) I. sp. (8518)
Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 149.2	Ethiopia	Mytilus perplicatus (94491)
Kimmeridgian	154.8 - 149.2	Portugal (Centro)	I. perplicata (68220)
Early/Lower Tithonian	149.2 - 145.06	Tanzania	Modiola perplicata (79029 79267)
Albian	113.2 - 100.5	Italy (Sardinia)	I. flagellifera (2091)
Late/Upper Albian	106.3 - 100.5	Egypt	I. flagellifera (140606)
Late/Upper Albian - Cenomanian	106.3 - 93.9	Egypt	I. flagellifera (150737)
Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Germany	I. flagellifera (66776)
Early/Lower Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Egypt	I. flagellifera (114874 114910)
Late/Upper Cenomanian	100.5 - 93.9	Jordan	I. transjordanica (154975)
Late/Upper Turonian	93.9 - 89.8	USA (California)	I. bellarugosa (220390 220932 220933 221121)
Middle Turonian	93.9 - 89.8	Austria (Salzkammergut)	I. flagellifera (142308)
Turonian	93.9 - 89.8	USA (California)	I. bellarugosa (80928 80929 80930 80931 80934 219050 220370 220936)
Coniacian	89.8 - 85.7	Cameroon	Modiola flagellifera (177976) Modiolus flagellifera (209691 209692)
Late/Upper Santonian	85.7 - 83.6	Austria	I. flagellifera (114268)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Austria (Lower Austria)	I. flagellifera (226428)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (Georgia)	I. sp. (4268)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (Mississippi)	I. sp. (4127)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Poland	I. flagellifera (27818 27822)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Serbia and Montenegro	I. flagellifera (1380)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Austria	I. sp. (1379)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Argentina (Chubut)	I. sp. (74110 74122 74124)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Japan	I. sp. (1315)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Argentina (Neuquén)	I. sp. (74018)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Kazakhstan (Kustanai)	I. sp. (186879)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	India	I. flagellifera (1351)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (Mississippi)	I. sp. (1303)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Poland	I. flagellifera (1321)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (Georgia)	I. sp. (1309)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Netherlands	I. flagellifera (1326)
Thanetian	59.24 - 56.0	Svalbard and Jan Mayen	I. plenicostata (226629) Mytilus plenicostatus (226627)