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Hypselospinus fittoni
Taxonomy
Iguanodon fittoni was named by Lydekker (1889). Its type specimen is BMNH R1635, a partial skeleton (incomplete left ilium, partial sacrum, midcaudal centrum, the eroded proximal end of an ischium (very dubious association). In addition, three isolated teeth (o), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Shornden Quarry (sand), which is in a Valanginian terrestrial sandstone in the Wadhurst Clay Formation of the United Kingdom. It is the type species of Hypselospinus.
It was recombined as Wadhurstia fittoni by Carpenter and Ishida (2010); it was considered a nomen dubium by Paul (2008); it was recombined as Hypselospinus fittoni by Norman (2010), Pereda Suberbiola et al. (2010), McDonald et al. (2010), McDonald et al. (2010), Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2011), McDonald et al. (2012), Norman (2013), Zheng et al. (2013), Pereda Suberbiola and Ruiz-Omeñaca (2013), Norman (2014), Norman (2014), Fuentes Vidarte et al. (2016), Ibiricu et al. (2019), Santos-Cubedo et al. (2021), Verdú et al. (2021), Ji and Zhang (2022) and Bonsor et al. (2023).
It was recombined as Wadhurstia fittoni by Carpenter and Ishida (2010); it was considered a nomen dubium by Paul (2008); it was recombined as Hypselospinus fittoni by Norman (2010), Pereda Suberbiola et al. (2010), McDonald et al. (2010), McDonald et al. (2010), Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2011), McDonald et al. (2012), Norman (2013), Zheng et al. (2013), Pereda Suberbiola and Ruiz-Omeñaca (2013), Norman (2014), Norman (2014), Fuentes Vidarte et al. (2016), Ibiricu et al. (2019), Santos-Cubedo et al. (2021), Verdú et al. (2021), Ji and Zhang (2022) and Bonsor et al. (2023).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1889 | Iguanodon fittoni Lydekker p. 354 |
| 1889 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Lydekker p. 355 |
| 1890 | Iguanodon fittoni Lydekker pp. 38-40 |
| 1890 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Lydekker pp. 40-43 fig. 2 |
| 1890 | Iguanodon fittoni Woodward and Sherborn p. 243 |
| 1890 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Woodward and Sherborn p. 243 |
| 1890 | Iguanodon fittoni Zittel p. 762 |
| 1890 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Zittel p. 762 |
| 1896 | Iguanodon fittoni Mansel-Pleydell p. 119 |
| 1896 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Mansel-Pleydell p. 119 |
| 1900 | Iguanodon fittoni Van Den Broeck p. 92 |
| 1900 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Van Den Broeck p. 92 |
| 1901 | Iguanodon fittoni Nopcsa p. 211 |
| 1901 | Iguanodon hollingtonensis Nopcsa p. 211 |
| 1902 | Iguanodon fittoni Mansel-Pleydell p. lxxxiii |
| 1902 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Mansel-Pleydell p. lxxxiii |
| 1902 | Iguanodon fittoni Nopcsa p. 151 |
| 1902 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Nopcsa p. 151 |
| 1964 | Iguanodon fittoni Kuhn p. 11 |
| 1964 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Kuhn p. 11 |
| 1981 | Iguanodon fittoni Bartholomai and Molnar p. 343 |
| 1981 | Iguanodon hollingtoniensis Bartholomai and Molnar p. 343 |
| 1987 | Iguanodon fittoni Norman p. 165 |
| 1990 | Iguanodon fittoni Norman and Weishampel p. 530 |
| 1992 | Iguanodon fittoni Martin and Buffetaut p. 68 |
| 1997 | Iguanodon hollingtonensis Norman p. 784 |
| 1998 | Iguanodon fittoni Blows p. 31 |
| 1998 | Iguanodon fittoni Ruiz-Omeñaca et al. p. 275 |
| 2004 | Iguanodon fittoni Norman p. 416 |
| 2009 | Iguanodon fittoni Galton p. 245 |
| 2009 | Iguanodon hollingtonensis Galton p. 246 |
| 2009 | Iguanodon fittoni Pascual-Arribas et al. p. 121 |
| 2010 | Wadhurstia fittoni Carpenter and Ishida p. 157 |
| 2010 | Hypselospinus fittoni McDonald et al. p. 2 |
| 2010 | Hypselospinus fittoni McDonald et al. p. 32 |
| 2010 | Hypselospinus fittoni Norman pp. 55-57 figs. 5-10 |
| 2010 | Hypselospinus fittoni Pereda Suberbiola et al. p. 64 |
| 2011 | Hypselospinus fittoni Pereda-Suberbiola et al. p. 556 |
| 2012 | Hypselospinus fittoni McDonald et al. p. 61 |
| 2012 | Darwinsaurus evolutionis Paul |
| 2012 | Huxleysaurus hollingtoniensis Paul |
| 2013 | Hypselospinus fittoni Norman p. 394 |
| 2013 | Hypselospinus fittoni Pereda Suberbiola and Ruiz-Omeñaca p. 14 |
| 2013 | Hypselospinus fittoni Zheng et al. |
| 2014 | Hypselospinus fittoni Norman |
| 2016 | Hypselospinus fittoni Fuentes Vidarte et al. p. 436 |
| 2019 | Hypselospinus fittoni Ibiricu et al. p. 281 |
| 2021 | Hypselospinus fittoni Santos-Cubedo et al. p. 11 |
| 2021 | Hypselospinus fittoni Verdú et al. p. 9 |
| 2022 | Hypselospinus fittoni Ji and Zhang p. 6 |
| 2023 | Hypselospinus fittoni Bonsor et al. p. 1 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Hypselospinus fittoni Lydekker 1889
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Invalid names: Darwinsaurus evolutionis Paul 2012 [synonym], Huxleysaurus hollingtoniensis Lydekker 1889 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| D. B. Norman 2010 | Iguanodontian with the following unique character combination (*indicates autapomorphies - all other characters are apomorphic within basal iguanodontians, even if they occur sporadically within ornithopods more generally), summarised by element:
Ilium (Fig. 5): preacetabular process (prp) vertically orientated, laterally compressed and comparatively deep proximally*; ventral edge of the preacetabular process is thicker than the dorsal edge*; a low-relief, curved, ridge is present on the medial surface of the preacetabular process; the main portion of the iliac blade is flat; the dorsal edge of the iliac blade is transversely compressed* (Fig. 5D, nde); the dorsal edge of the central portion of the iliac blade, in profile view (Fig. 5A), is straight (rather than being bowed dorsally)*; the postacetabular blade tapers to a blunt, thickened bar (Fig. 5A,B); strong medial inturning of the postacetabular blade to form a thick shelf that roofs a well-defined brevis fossa (brf); the brevis fossa is bordered laterally by a horizontal ridge (lr); the scarring for the posterior sacral ribs (Fig. 5C, srs) follows the ventral margin of the postacetabular blade as it rises obliquely toward the posterior end of the blade to merge with the more dorsally positioned facets along the lower border of the postacetabular blade. Vertebrae (Fig. 6): the ventral surfaces of the posterior centra of the sacrum bear midline keels*; mid-anterior caudal vertebral centrum (Fig. 6), which bears a well-marked haemal facet posteriorly, has cylindrical proportions*. | |
| K. Carpenter and Y. Ishida 2010 | Ilium very deep, anteroposteriorly short, lateral surface concave, very wide brevis shelf medially, no medial ridge on preacetabular process, nor lateral iliac crest; suprailiac notch posteriorly placed on the postacetabular process, distal end of process abruptly truncated. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Benton 1983, Marsh 1875 | |||||
Age range: base of the Late/Upper Berriasian to the top of the Late/Upper Valanginian or 145.00000 to 136.40000 Ma
Collections (8 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Berriasian | United Kingdom (England) | Camptosaurus hoggii (52310) | |
| Early/Lower Valanginian | United Kingdom (England) | Iguanodon fittoni (58094) Iguanodon hollingtonensis (231104) Iguanodon hollingtoniensis, Iguanodon sp. (52649) | |
| Late/Upper Valanginian | United Kingdom (England) | Hypselospinus fittoni (230812) Iguanodon fittoni (type locality: 52668) Iguanodon sp. (96621 96622) |