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Taxonomy
Chionopsis was named by Olsson (1932) [Sepkoski's age data: T Ol-u R Sepkoski's reference number: 1112]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Chione (Chionopsis) by Pilsbry and Olsson (1941), Woodring (1982), Perrilliat (1992).
It was assigned to Chione by Pilsbry and Olsson (1941), Woodring (1982), Perrilliat (1992); to Chioninae by Roopnarine (2001); to Veneridae by Todd (2001); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Venerinae by Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012).
It was reranked as Chione (Chionopsis) by Pilsbry and Olsson (1941), Woodring (1982), Perrilliat (1992).
It was assigned to Chione by Pilsbry and Olsson (1941), Woodring (1982), Perrilliat (1992); to Chioninae by Roopnarine (2001); to Veneridae by Todd (2001); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Venerinae by Coan and Valentich-Scott (2012).
Species
Chione (Chionopsis) angelana, Chione (Chionopsis) bainbridgensis (syn. Chione spenceri), Chione (Chionopsis) eurylopas, Chione (Chionopsis) jamaniana, Chione (Chionopsis) manabia, Chione (Chionopsis) posorjensis, Chione (Chionopsis) propinqua, Chione (Chionopsis) richthofeni, Chione (Chionopsis) sechuntana, Chione (Chionopsis) semiplicata, Chione (Chionopsis) spiekeri, Chione (Chionopsis) tegulum (syn. Chione (Chionopsis) paraguanensis), Chione (Chionopsis) temblorensis (syn. Chione temblorensis subtemblorensis), Chione (Chionopsis) traftoni, Chione (Chionopsis) variabilis, Chione (Chionopsis) venadoensis, Chione (Chionopsis) wiedenmayeri, C. (Puberella), C. amathusia (syn. Chione jamaniana), C. crenifera, C. gnidia, C. lilacina, C. munsterii, C. ornatissima (syn. Chione traftoni), C. pubera, C. pulicaria (syn. Chione montezuma), C. woodwardi
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1932 | Chionopsis Olsson |
| 1941 | Chione (Chionopsis) Pilsbry and Olsson p. 9 |
| 1949 | Gnidiella Parker |
| 1982 | Chione (Chionopsis) Woodring p. 701 |
| 1992 | Chione (Chionopsis) Perrilliat p. 17 |
| 2001 | Chionopsis Roopnarine p. 644 |
| 2001 | Chionopsis Todd |
| 2002 | Chionopsis Sepkoski |
| 2002 | Gnidiella Sepkoski |
| 2012 | Chionopsis Coan and Valentich-Scott p. 763 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Chionopsis Olsson 1932
show all | hide all
†Chione (Chionopsis) angelana Spieker 1922
†Chione (Chionopsis) bainbridgensis Dall 1916
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Invalid names: Chione spenceri Mansfield 1938 [synonym]
†Chione (Chionopsis) eurylopas Woodring 1982
†Chione (Chionopsis) jamaniana Pilsbry and Olsson 1941
†Chione (Chionopsis) manabia Pilsbry and Olsson 1941
†Chione (Chionopsis) posorjensis Olsson 1931
†Chione (Chionopsis) propinqua Spieker 1922
†Chione (Chionopsis) richthofeni Hertlein and Jordan 1927
†Chione (Chionopsis) sechuntana Hanna and Israelsky 1925
†Chione (Chionopsis) semiplicata Nomland 1917
†Chione (Chionopsis) spiekeri Olsson 1932
†Chione (Chionopsis) tegulum Brown and Pilsbry 1911
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Invalid names: Chione (Chionopsis) paraguanensis Hodson 1927 [synonym]
†Chione (Chionopsis) tegulum dauleana Marks 1951
†Chione (Chionopsis) temblorensis Anderson 1905
†Chione (Chionopsis) traftoni Pilsbry and Olsson 1941
†Chione (Chionopsis) variabilis Nelson 1870
Chione (Chionopsis) venadoensis Pilsbry and Olsson 1941
†Chione (Chionopsis) wiedenmayeri Hodson 1927
Subg. Chionopsis (Puberella) Fischer-Piette and Vukadinovic 1977
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Puberella intapurpurea Conrad 1849
Chionopsis amathusia Philippi 1844
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Invalid names: Chione jamaniana Pilsbry and Olsson 1941 [synonym]
Chionopsis crenifera Sowerby 1935
Chionopsis gnidia Broderip and Sowerby I 1829
Chionopsis lilacina Carpenter 1864
†Chionopsis munsterii d'Orbigny 1842
Chionopsis ornatissima Broderip 1835
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Invalid names: Chione traftoni Pilsbry and Olsson 1941 [synonym]
Chionopsis pubera Vincent 1827
Chionopsis pulicaria Broderip 1835
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Invalid names: Chione montezuma Pilsbry and Lowe 1932 [synonym]
†Chionopsis woodwardi Guppy 1866
Invalid names: Chione temblorensis subtemblorensis Loel and Corey 1932 [synonym], Gnidiella Parker 1949 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, f = family, c = class | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Oligocene to the top of the Holocene or 33.90000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 27.3 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 27.3 Ma
Collections (304 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Georgia) | Chione bainbridgensis (60824 60831 60832 60834 60835 60837 60838 60839) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Florida) | Chione bainbridgensis (61122 80184) Chione spenceri (41197) | |
| Rupelian | USA (Mississippi) | Chione bainbridgensis (6005 7110) | |
| Rupelian | USA (Florida) | Chione bainbridgensis (60663 60665 60677 60951 60960 60968 60970 60971 60977 60978) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene - Late/Upper Oligocene | Ecuador (Guayas) | Chione posorjensis (61201) | |
| Chattian | Panama | Chione posorjensis (42558) | |
| Chattian | USA (California) | Chione richthofeni (52390 52415) Venus temblorensis (11601) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Peru (Piura) | Chione posorjensis (64559) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Panama | Chione posorjensis (42556 42557 92982) | |
| Chattian - Aquitanian | USA (Florida) | Chione spenceri (61100) | |
| Aquitanian | Panama | Chione eurylopas (42625 93039) Chione propinqua (42608 42624 49492) Chione propinqua, Chione eurylopas (42631) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina | C. sp. (185967) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Peru (Tumbes) | Chione angelana, Chione variabilis (58999) Chione propinqua (59001) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Peru | Chione propinqua (66141) Chione sechuntana (93749) Chione spiekeri (66178) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | USA (California) | Chione richthofeni (71215 71217 71221 71222 71223 71226 71228 196138 238243 238261) Chione richthofeni, Chione temblorensis (238191) Chione temblorensis (44925 91374 237363 237907 237911 238165 238166 238172 238174 238178 238179 238182 238183 238187 238190 238239 238241 238253 238260) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Ecuador (Guayas) | Chione dauleana (61064) Chione propinqua (96513) Chione spiekeri (61067 61068) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Chione richthofeni (43814 96570) Chione temblorensis (96569) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Puerto Rico | Chione woodwardi (80288) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene - Middle Miocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Chione temblorensis (43804 43808) | |
| Burdigalian | Colombia (La Guajira) | C. paraguanensis (156700 156796 157300 160776 161091 161093 161094 161892 162012) | |
| Burdigalian | Panama | Chione eurylopas (42606) Chione propinqua (49493) | |
| Burdigalian | Dominican Republic | C. woodwardi (74962) | |
| Burdigalian | Venezuela (Falcón) | Chione tegulum (96434) | |
| Burdigalian | Venezuela (Falcon) | Chione paraguanensis (60144 60710) C. tegulum (43063) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Mexico (Baja California) | Chione temblorensis (197288 236358) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Colombia (La Guajira) | Chione paraguanensis (157931) C. paraguanensis (156798) | |
| Barstovian - Hemphillian | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Chione richthofeni (18731) | |
| Langhian | USA (California) | Chione temblorensis (206393 237577) | |
| Langhian | Mexico (Baja California) | Chione temblorensis (52183) | |
| Langhian | Colombia (La Guajira) | C. paraguanensis (136880 156512 156522 156547 157783 157848 157858 158029 158040 158100 160965 160966 160967 161087 161088 161089 161887) | |
| Langhian | Dominican Republic | C. woodwardi (74958) | |
| Middle Miocene | Ecuador (Guayas) | Chione dauleana (61078 61079) Chione propinqua (96509 96516) | |
| Middle Miocene | Mexico (Baja California) | Chione richthofeni (52181) | |
| Middle Miocene | Panama | Chione tegulum (42599 52173 93044) | |
| Middle Miocene | Mexico (Michoacan) | Chione propinqua (66160) C. sp. (66167) C. sp., C. propinqua (66166) | |
| Middle Miocene | Puerto Rico | Chione woodwardi (80241 80243 80246) | |
| Middle Miocene | USA (California) | Chione richthofeni (44940) Chione temblorensis (44980 44988) | |
| Serravallian | Panama | Chione tegulum (52167) | |
| Tortonian | Venezuela | C. tegulum (130981) | |
| Tortonian | Dominican Republic | Chione woodwardi (58816 58817) C. woodwardi (74912 74934) | |
| Tortonian | Panama | Chione tegulum (52169 52170 52171 52172 52174 93053 93054 93059 93145 93146 93148 93149 93150 93160 93162 93164 93166 93167 93168 93171 93175 93176) C. sp. (136016 136118 145520 187583) C. tegulum (82116 82124 82125 82126) | |
| Tortonian | Panama (Darien) | C. sp. (136104) | |
| Tortonian | Panama (Colon) | Chione tegulum (145196 145200 145211 145250 145254 145281 145332 145334 145337 145339 145351 145352 145567) C. sp. (61334 79779 79780 79784 79785 79790 79791 79792 79984 79985 79986 79996 79997 145531) C. tegulum (142902 142910 142911 142913 142918 142919 142921 142922 142923 142924 142925 142926 142927 142930 142931 142932 142933 142934 142935 142936 142938) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Venezuela (Falcon) | Chione paraguanensis (61036 61040) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Colombia | C. atlantica (131219) C. walli, C. bolivarensis, C. atlanticana (131220) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | USA (California) | Chione semiplicata (216199 216201) Chione temblorensis (195407) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Argentina | C. australis (71564) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Dominican Republic | Chione woodwardi (58824 58869 58871) | |
| Messinian | USA (California) | Chione gnidia (194888) | |
| Messinian | Dominican Republic | C. woodwardi (75042) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Dominican Republic | C. woodwardi (75037) | |
| Zanclean | Dominican Republic | C. woodwardi (74968) | |
| Pliocene | Ecuador (Manabi) | Chione jamaniana (51886) Chione venadoensis (51885) | |
| Pliocene | Costa Rica | Chione amathusia (66795) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Jamaica | Chione woodwardi (58522 69092 69093) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Venezuela | Puberella intapurpurea, Puberella pubera (131210) | |
| Piacenzian | Panama (Bocas) | C. sp. (79999) | |
| Piacenzian | Costa Rica (Limon) | C. sp. (79796 79798 79800 79803) | |
| Piacenzian - Gelasian | Ecuador (Manabi) | Chione taftoni, Chione manabia (51878) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Ecuador (Manabi) | Chione jamaniana (48665) Chione jamaniana, Chione traftoni (48664) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Costa Rica | Chione traftoni, Chione amathusia (66777) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Chione intapurpurea (41199 41202 41205 41206) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | Chione intapurpurea (66624) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (California) | Chione gnidia (240570) | |
| Pleistocene | Mexico (Sonora) | Chione gnidia (96565) | |
| Pleistocene | Costa Rica | Chione ornatissima (135044) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Bermuda | Chione intapurpurea (67947) | |
| Middle Pleistocene (interglacial) | Bahamas | Chione intapurpurea (80676) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Chione intapurpurea (67069) | |
| Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Chione gnidia (222954) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Bahamas | Chione intapurpurea (80677) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Bermuda | Chione intapurpurea (67965) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Chione gnidia (96589 96930 96935 96936 96938 96939 160361 219029 219030 222956 222964 223524 240612 240621) Venus gnidia (96895 222660) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Chione intapurpurea (66757 66760) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico (Sonora) | Chione gnidia (34923 34933 34934 34936 34937 34938 96558) Chione pullcaria, Chione gnidia (44963) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene - Holocene | Panama (Panama) | C. amathusia (160394 160395) | |
| Holocene | USA (Louisiana) | Chione intapurpurea (41935 92776) |