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Taxonomy
Fragum was named by Ršding (1798) [Sepkoski's age data: T Ol-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 158]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Cardium (Fragum) by Glenn (1904).
It was assigned to Cardium by Glenn (1904); to Cardiidae by Lamprell and Whitehead (1992); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Fraginae by Vokes (1980), Bouchet et al. (2010).
It was reranked as Cardium (Fragum) by Glenn (1904).
It was assigned to Cardium by Glenn (1904); to Cardiidae by Lamprell and Whitehead (1992); to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Fraginae by Vokes (1980), Bouchet et al. (2010).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1798 | Fragum Ršding |
| 1904 | Cardium (Fragum) Glenn p. 322 |
| 1980 | Fragum Vokes p. 128 |
| 1992 | Fragum Lamprell and Whitehead p. 66 |
| 2002 | Fragum Sepkoski |
| 2010 | Fragum Bouchet et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Fragum Ršding 1798
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Subg. †Fragum (Fragum)
Fragum erugatum Tate 1889
†Fragum fragum Linnaeus 1758
Fragum grasi Ter Poorten 2009
†Fragum hemicardium Linnaeus 1758
Fragum mundum Reeve 1845
†Fragum nivale Reeve 1845
†Fragum retusum Linnaeus 1767
Fragum scruposum Deshayes 1855
Fragum sueziensis Issel 1869
†Fragum unedo Linnaeus 1758
Fragum vanuatuense Ter Poorten 2015
Fragum whitleyi Iredale 1929
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, c = class | |||||
| References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Todd 2001, Aberhan et al. 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Coniacian to the top of the Holocene or 89.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 85.7 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 85.7 Ma
Collections (57 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coniacian | Gabon | F. perobliquum, F. subperobliquum (3819) | |
| Coniacian | Congo-Kinshasa | F. subperobliquum, F. perobliquum (3822) | |
| Coniacian | Nigeria | F. perobliquum, F. subperobliquum (3811) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Oman | F. sp. (151653) | |
| Maastrichtian | Oman | F. sp. (151618) | |
| Eocene | Nigeria | F. sp. (46260) | |
| Lutetian | Nigeria | F. newtoni (77257) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | Jamaica | F. sp. (60966) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | France (Essonne) | F. stampinense (9193 9266 9267 9268 9269) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Brazil (Para) | Cardium estacianum (60980) Cardium proavitum (60979) F. proavitum (65162 112582) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Brazil (Maranhao) | F. proavitum (112598) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Northern Mariana Islands | Cardium javanum (43368 43371) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | India | F. thetregyinense (72083) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (Florida) | Cardium apateticum (42482 42605 42642 42657 42663 42678) Cardium sellardsi (42225 42367) | |
| Serravallian | USA (Florida) | Cardium apateticum (42886) F. apateticum (111204) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Japan (Okinawa) | Cardium unedo (96696) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Japan (Ryukyu) | F. alfuricum (41599) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Indonesia (East Java) | F. alfurieum (96670) | |
| Calabrian | South Africa | F. nivale (173265) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Australia (Western Australia) | F. carinatum, F. erugatum (63354) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | Nauru | F. fragum (209723) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Saudi Arabia | F. fragum (107972) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Japan (Ryukyu) | Cardium sp. (41605) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Australia (Western Australia) | F. carinatum, F. erugatum (63355) F. carinatum, F. hemicardium, F. unedo, F. erugatum (63351) F. carinatum, F. unedo (63317 63319 63320) F. erugatum (63207 63208 63209 63211) F. unedo (63318 63321) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | French Polynesia | F. fragum (194003) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | Kenya | F. subretusum, F. fragum (81099) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Seychelles | F. fragum (80964 81009 81013) | |
| Holocene | Australia (Western Australia) | F. erugatum (63358 63359) |