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Ischyrotoma

Artiopoda - Proetida - Dimeropygidae

Taxonomy
Ischyrotoma was named by Raymond (1925) [Sepkoski's age data: O Aren-l O Llvi-u Sepkoski's reference number: 388,795]. Its type is Ischyrotoma twenhofeli.

It was assigned to Solenopleuridae by Raymond (1925); to Proetida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Dimeropygidae by Fortey and Droser (1999), Jell and Adrain (2002), Fortey and Bruton (2013).

Species
I. anataphra, I. borealis, I. eos, I. juabensis, I. parallela, I. sila, I. stubblefieldi, I. twenhofeli (type species), I. wahwahensis
Species lacking formal opinion data
I. raymondi

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1925Ischyrotoma Raymond p. 54
1999Ischyrotoma Fortey and Droser p. 191
2002Ischyrotoma Jell and Adrain p. 388
2002Ischyrotoma Sepkoski
2013Ischyrotoma Fortey and Bruton

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
RankNameAuthor
phylumArthropodaGravenhorst 1843
classArtiopodaHou and Bergstrom
classTrilobitaWalch 1771
orderProetidaFortey and Owens 1975
familyDimeropygidaeHupe 1953
genusIschyrotoma

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Ischyrotoma Raymond 1925
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†Ischyrotoma anataphra Fortey 1979
†Ischyrotoma borealis Fortey 1980
†Ischyrotoma eos Kobayashi 1955
†Ischyrotoma juabensis Adrain et al. 2001
†Ischyrotoma parallela Boyce 1989
†Ischyrotoma sila Loch 2007
†Ischyrotoma twenhofeli Raymond 1925
†Ischyrotoma wahwahensis Adrain et al. 2001
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitec
Composition 2: chitinc
Adult length: 10 to < 100g
Adult width: 10 to < 100g
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10g
Spines: noneg
Ontogeny: molting, addition of partsc
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: fast-movingc
Life habit: low-level epifaunalc
Diet: deposit feedero
Vision: well-developedf
Comments: BODY SIZE: Data from Harrington et al. (1959).g
Created: 2009-06-10 08:14:46
Modified: 2009-06-10 10:14:46
Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order, c = class
References: Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004, Alvarez et al. 2008, Fortey and Owens 1999

Age range: base of the Tulean to the top of the Edenian or 481.70000 to 450.20000 Ma

Collections (91 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Jeffersonian486.85 - 471.3USA (Oklahoma) I. sila (106580 106597 106598 106600 106604 106606 106608 106609 106610 106612 106613 106614 106617 106730 106734 106737 106866 106870 106875 106877 106927 106930)
Jeffersonian486.85 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland) I. anataphra, I. parallela (195756 195785)
Jeffersonian486.85 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) I. parallela (133147)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1Canada (Alberta) I. eos (10994 10995)
Cassinian483.4 - 471.3United Kingdom (Scotland) I. stubblefieldi (75589)
Cassinian483.4 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) I. anataphra (69196 103540 106241 133127 133140) I. anataphra, I. parallela (106239) I. parallela (106238)
Cassinian483.4 - 471.3Canada (Quebec) I. sp. (50060 50062)
Cassinian483.4 - 471.3USA (Oklahoma) I. sila (106743 106941) I. sp. (106778 106800) I. sp. 1 (106764 106765) I. sp. 1, I. sila (106952)
Cassinian483.4 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland) I. anataphra (195757 195758 195782 195784)
Tulean481.7 - 475.3Norway (Spitsbergen) I. parallela (189832 189837)
Tulean - Blackhillsian481.7 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) I. anataphra (195776) I. parallela (196381) I. sp. (196503)
Tulean - Blackhillsian481.7 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland) I. anataphra (196385) I. sp., I. anataphra (195770 196380)
Floian477.1 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland) I. sp., I. anataphra (195748)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0USA (New York) I. sp. (55243)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0Greenland I. anataphra (221130)
Arenigian - Llanvirn477.1 - 458.2Canada (Northwest Territories) I. sp. (25285)
Blackhillsian475.3 - 471.3Canada (Newfoundland) I. sp. (195777)
Blackhillsian475.3 - 471.3Norway (Spitsbergen) I. sp. (189838 189839)
Blackhillsian475.3 - 471.3USA (Nevada) I. sp. (77181 104431 104549 104554 104630)
Rangerian471.3 - 470.3USA (Nevada) I. sp. (104448 104565) I. stubblefieldi, I. stubblefieldi (104653)
Rangerian471.3 - 470.3USA (Utah) I. sp. (37452) I. stubblefieldi (37454 37462 37464 37465)
Rangerian471.3 - 470.3USA (California) I. sp. (104638)
Dapingian471.3 - 469.4USA (California) I. sp. (104639)
Chazyan471.3 - 457.3Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) I. sp. (104861)
Rangerian - Whiterockian471.3 - 457.3USA (California) I. sp. (104640)
Whiterockian471.3 - 457.3USA (Utah) I. wahwahensis (106373 106374 106375)
Whiterockian471.3 - 457.3Norway (Spitsbergen) I. twenhofeli, Ischyrophyma borealis (106480)
Whiterockian471.3 - 457.3Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) I. twenhofeli (104752)
Whiterockian471.3 - 457.3USA (Nevada) I. stubblefieldi (37481 37482)
Darriwilian469.4 - 458.2China (Xinjiang) I. sp. (188380)
Llanvirn468.0 - 458.2Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) I. sp. (78097) I. twenhofeli (78099)
Chatfieldian - Edenian453.8 - 450.2Canada (Nunavut) I. raymondi (24116)