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Crossognathiformes

Osteichthyes - Crossognathiformes

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1989Crossognathiformes Taverne
2002Crossognathiformes Sepkoski
2010Crossognathiformes Arratia and Tischlinger
2011Crossognathiformes Long p. 242
2014Crossognathiformes Bannikov p. 25
2015Crossognathiformes Arratia p. 53
2016Crossognathiformes Nelson et al. p. 130
2019Crossognathiformes van der Laan p. 58

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
RankNameAuthor
classOsteichthyes
subclassActinopterygii()
infraclassActinopteri()
—Teleosteomorpha
—Teleostei(Müller 1846)
orderCrossognathiformesTaverne 1989
orderCrossognathiformesTaverne 1989

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Crossognathiformes Taverne 1989
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G. †Bavarichthys Arratia and Tischlinger 2010
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†Bavarichthys incognitus Arratia and Tischlinger 2010
Subor. †Crossognathoidei Taverne 1989
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G. †Apsopelix Cope 1871
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†Apsopelix miyazakii Yabumoto et al. 2012
†Apsopelix sauriformis Cope 1871
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†Crossognathus danubiensis Cavin and Grigorescu 2005
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Invalid names: Palaeaulopus germanicus Taverne and Ross 1973 [synonym]
Invalid names: Palaeaulopus Taverne and Ross 1973 [synonym]
G. †Luxilites
Subor. †Pachyrhizodontoidei Forey 1977
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G. †Michin Alvarado-Ortega et al. 2008
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†Michin csernai Alvarado-Ortega et al. 2008
Fm. †Notelopidae Forey 1977
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G. †Nusaviichthys Alvarado-Ortega and Alves 2022
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†Nusaviichthys nerivelai Alvarado-Ortega and Alves 2022
Fm. †Pachyrhizodontidae Cope 1872
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G. †Cavinichthys Taverne and Capasso 2019
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†Cavinichthys pachylepis Taverne and Capasso 2019
G. †Conosaurus Gibbes 1851
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†Conosaurus bowmani Gibbes 1851
Invalid names: Conosaurops Leidy 1868 [synonym]
G. †Elopopsis
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†Elopopsis crassus Dixon 1850
†Elopopsis fenxli Heckel 1856
†Elopopsis heckeli Reuss 1857
†Elopopsis ziegleri von der Marck 1868
G. †Goulmimichthys Cavin 1995
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†Goulmimichthys roberti Blanco and Cavin 2003
G. †Lebrunichthys Taverne and Capasso 2020
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†Lebrunichthys nammourensis Taverne and Capasso 2020
G. †Oricardinus Cope 1877
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†Oricardinus sheareri Cope 1872
†Oricardinus tortus Cope 1877
G. †Pachyrhizodus Agassiz 1850
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†Pachyrhizodus basalis Dixon 1850
†Pachyrhizodus caninus Cope 1872
†Pachyrhizodus curvatus Loomis 1900
†Pachyrhizodus dibleyi Woodward 1901
†Pachyrhizodus kingi Cope 1872
†Pachyrhizodus minimus Stewart 1899
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Invalid names: Pachyrhizodus intermedius Tarverne 1987 [synonym]
†Pachyrhizodus velox Stewart 1898
G. †Polcynichthys London and Shimada 2020
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†Polcynichthys lloydhilli London and Shimada 2020
G. †Stanhopeichthys Taverne and Capasso 2020
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†Stanhopeichthys libanicus Taverne and Capasso 2020
Fm. †Salminopsidae Gayet 1985
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G. †Salminops Gayet 1985
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†Varasichthys ariasi Arratia 1981
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektonico
Diet: carnivoreo
Created: 2009-07-20 21:12:03
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:12:03
Source: o = order, subp = subphylum
References: Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Tithonian to the top of the Miocene or 149.20000 to 5.33300 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 145.06 Ma

Collections (81 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Germany (Bavaria) Bavarichthys incognitus (123739)
Early/Lower Aptian121.4 - 119.57Germany Pachyrhizodontidae indet., Crossognathus sabaudianus (212878) Palaeaulopus germanicus (221372)
Early/Lower Albian113.2 - 110.1Italy (Campania) Cavinichthys pachylepis (221195)
Albian113.2 - 100.5Romania Crossognathus danubiensis (140234)
Albian - Cenomanian113.2 - 93.9Mexico (Hidalgo) Pachyrhizodontidae indet. (135815)
Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian113.2 - 93.9United Kingdom (England) Raphiosaurus subulidens (137415)
Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian110.1 - 100.5Mexico (Puebla) Michin csernai (80283) Nusaviichthys nerivelai (133545 136733 138747 221635 221637 221638)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9United Kingdom (England) Elopopsis crassus, Pachyrhizodus subulidens (159610)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Slovenia Elopopsis sp. (221237)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Kansas) Pachyrhizodus minimus (213414 213417 213419) Pachyrhizodus sp., Pachyrhizodus minimus (213416 213418)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (South Dakota) Pachyrhizodus sp. (117819)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Italy (Vicenza) Pachyrhizodus subulidens (214715)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Italy (Treviso) Pachyrhizodus subulidens (214716)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Colorado) Elopopsis sp., Pachyrhizodus sp., Pachyrhizodus minimus (132505)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Italy Pachyrhizodus sp., Pachyrhizodus subulidens (214600)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Lebanon Stanhopeichthys libanicus (221162)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Nebraska) Elopopsis sp., Pachyrhizodus minimus (213308)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Kansas) Pachyrhizodus minimus (94538)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Lebanon Lebrunichthys nammourensis (221170)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9United Kingdom (England) Pachyrhizodus sp., Elopopsis crassus (238509)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Colorado) Elopopsis sp., Pachyrhizodus minimus (213403) Pachyrhizodus sp., Pachyrhizodus minimus (35429)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Canada (Saskatchewan) Elopopsis sp. (52997) Elopopsis sp., Pachyrhizodus minimus (22731)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Texas) Polcynichthys lloydhilli (221657)
Cenomanian - Turonian100.5 - 89.8United Kingdom (England) Elopopsis crassus, Pachyrhizodus basalis, Pachyrhizodus dibleyi, Pachyrhizodus subulidens (238510)
Middle Cenomanian - Early/Lower Turonian100.5 - 89.8USA (Texas) Pachyrhizodus caninus (221989)
Cenomanian - Maastrichtian100.5 - 66.0United Kingdom (England) Raphiosaurus subulidens (137416)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Conosaurops bowmani (129263)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8Mexico (Nuevo León) Goulmimichthys roberti (84950 219108) Pachyrhizodus caninus, Goulmimichthys roberti (186284)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Kansas) Pachyrhizodus minimus (213384 213386) Pachyrhizodus sp., Pachyrhizodus minimus (213385)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Iowa) Pachyrhizodus minimus (213400)
Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8Japan Apsopelix miyazakii (224870)
Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8Germany Elopopsis ziegleri (221723)
Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Kansas) Pachyrhizodus minimus (35365) Pachyrhizodus sp. (213390) Pachyrhizodus sp., Pachyrhizodus minimus (213387)
Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Nebraska) Pachyrhizodus minimus (213389)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Mexico (Puebla) Goulmimichthys roberti (127465)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (South Dakota) Pachyrhizodus minimus (181902)
Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Pachyrhizodus sp. (188488)
Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (South Dakota) Pachyrhizodus minimus (194130)
Middle Santonian - Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Pachyrhizodus minimus, Pachyrhizodus caninus (241665)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6Russian Federation (Orenburg) Pachyrhizodus sp., Pachyrhizodontidae indet. (232890)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Alabama) Pachyrhizodus caninus (81926) Pachyrhizodus minimus, Pachyrhizodus caninus, Pachyrhizodus kingi (81928)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (Kansas) Apsopelix anglicus, Pachyrhizodus caninus (94652)
Late/Upper Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian85.7 - 72.2USA (Alabama) Pachyrhizodus caninus (81931 81932 81934 81935 81972 82049 82052 82053) Pachyrhizodus minimus (82051)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Wyoming) Pachyrhizodus sp. (105717)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Russian Federation (Saratov) Pachyrhizodus sp. (224997)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Sweden (Skåne) Pachyrhizodus sp. (74334)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Arizona) Pachyrhizodus sp. (24915)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Alabama) Pachyrhizodus caninus (207338)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (South Carolina) Pachyrhizodus sp. (79363)
Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2Canada (Manitoba) Pachyrhizodus minimus, Pachyrhizodus caninus (36707)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Chile (Valparaíso) Pachyrhizodus sp. (124311)
Danian66.0 - 61.66USA (Illinois) Pachyrhizodus caninus (70129)
Miocene23.04 - 5.333USA (South Carolina) Conosaurus bowmani (18506)