PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Staurocephalus

Trilobita - Phacopida - Encrinuridae

Taxonomy

Staurocephalus was named by Barrande (1846). Its type is Staurocephalus murchisoni.

It was assigned to Staurocephalinae by Nikolaisen (1961); to Staurocephalidae by Kielan (1957), Owen and Bruton (1980), Kielan-Jaworowska et al. (1991); to Phacopida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Encrinuridae by Jell and Adrain (2002).

Species

S. clavifrons, S. murchisoni (type species), S. pilafrons, S. trichochin

Species lacking formal opinion data

S. lagena, S. oarion

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1846	Staurocephalus Barrande
1957	Staurocephalus Kielan
1961	Staurocephalus Nikolaisen
1980	Staurocephalus Owen and Bruton
1991	Staurocephalus Kielan-Jaworowska et al.
2002	Staurocephalus Jell and Adrain p. 447
2002	Staurocephalus Sepkoski

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa	Aguinaldo et al. 1997
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Artiopoda	(Hou and Bergstrom)
class	Trilobita	Walch 1771
order	Phacopida	Salter 1864
suborder	Cheirurina	Harrington and Leanza 1957
family	Encrinuridae	Angelin 1854
family	Staurocephalidae	Prantl and Pribyl 1947
genus	Staurocephalus	Barrande 1846

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Staurocephalus Barrande 1846

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†Staurocephalus clavifrons Angelin 1878

†Staurocephalus murchisoni Barrande 1846

†Staurocephalus pilafrons Owen and Bruton 1980

†Staurocephalus trichochin Kobayashi and Hamada 1985

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitec

Composition 2:

chitinc

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100g

Adult width:

10 to < 100g

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10g

Spines:

majorg

Ontogeny:

molting, addition of partsc

Environment:

marinec

Locomotion:

fast-movingc

Life habit:

low-level epifaunalc

Diet:

carnivorec

Vision:

well-developedg

Comments:

BODY SIZE: Data from Harrington et al. (1959).g

Created:

2009-06-10 07:50:13

Modified:

2010-01-09 08:31:21

Source: g = genus, c = class

References: Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Soudleyan to the top of the Ludfordian or 458.20000 to 422.70000 Ma

Collections (52 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Darriwilian - Sandbian	469.4 - 452.8	Canada (Northwest Terrorities)	S. sp. (317)
Llandeilo - Caradoc	461.1 - 449.5	Canada (Northwest Territories)	S. sp. (316)
Soudleyan - Marshbrookian	458.2 - 454.0	Norway	S. sp. (2948)
Caradoc	458.2 - 449.5	China (Gansu)	S. sp. (23585)
Actonian - Onnian	454.0 - 449.5	China (Hunan and Hubei)	S. sp. (7714)
Oandu	452.8 - 451.8	Norway	S. sp., S. pilafrons (162532 163187)
Oandu	452.8 - 451.8	Norway (Asker)	S. pilafrons (163199)
Katian	452.8 - 445.2	Russian Federation (Siberia)	S. sp. (205628)
Katian	452.8 - 445.2	Ireland	S. murchisoni (162246)
Rakvere - Nabala	451.8 - 449.9	Norway	S. sp., S. pilafrons (162533)
Nabala	450.5 - 449.9	Norway	S. sp., S. pilafrons (162634)
Kralodvorian	450.1 - 445.2	Italy (Sardinia)	S. clavifrons (192914)
Kralodvorian	450.1 - 445.2	Czechia (Prague)	S. sp. (76479)
Kralodvorian	450.1 - 445.2	Czechia (Praha)	S. clavifrons (151985) S. sp. (151986 151988)
Kralodvorian - Rawtheyan	450.1 - 445.2	Czechia	S. clavifrons (3879 238013)
Pusgillian	449.5 - 449.2	China (GanSu)	S. sp. (8570)
Pirgu	449.5 - 445.2	Sweden (Dalarne)	S. clavifrons (73451 165550) S. sp. (164811 165551)
Pirgu	449.5 - 445.2	Poland	S. clavifrons (164846)
Pirgu	449.5 - 445.2	Sweden (Vastergotland)	S. sp. (165552)
Ashgill	449.5 - 443.1	USA (Maine)	S. clavifrons (185954)
Rawtheyan	448.8 - 445.2	United Kingdom (Wales)	S. sp. (3675)
Rawtheyan	448.8 - 445.2	United Kingdom (England)	S. sp. (3676 3681)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Poland	S. sp. (2760)
Aeronian	440.5 - 438.6	United Kingdom (England)	S. sp. (50289)
Telychian - Sheinwoodian	438.6 - 430.6	USA (Indiana)	S. sp. (26803)
Sheinwoodian	432.9 - 430.6	Czechia	S. murchisoni (14046 14051 14093) S. sp. (14124)
Wenlock	432.9 - 426.7	USA (Arkansas)	S. lagena, S. oarion (26020 229058)
Wenlock	432.9 - 426.7	Czechia	S. murchisoni (14090)
Wenlock	432.9 - 426.7	Australia (Australian Capital Territories)	S. struszi (25690)
Wenlock - Ludlow	432.9 - 422.7	USA (Illinois)	S. obsoleta (24936 24938)
Wenlock - Ludlow	432.9 - 422.7	USA (Wisconsin)	S. obsoleta (24937) S. sp. (24942)
Homerian	430.6 - 426.7	United Kingdom	S. murchisoni (165514)
Homerian	430.6 - 426.7	Czechia	S. murchisoni (14050 14102)
Gorstian	426.7 - 425.0	Czechia	S. azuela (14104)
Ludlow	426.7 - 422.7	Japan (Skikoku)	S. sp. (188692) S. trichochin (188695)
Ludfordian	425.0 - 422.7	Australia (New South Wales)	S. mitchelli (25634)