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Phyllocarida

Malacostraca

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1879Phyllocarida Packard
1979Phyllocarida Schram
2001Phyllocarida Martin and Davis p. 65
2002Aristocaris Sepkoski
2002Phyllocarida Sepkoski
2004Phyllocarida Briggs et al. p. 131
2010Phyllocarida Collette and Hagadorn p. 799
2020Phyllocarida Hegna et al. p. 23

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaGravenhorst 1843
—Deuteropoda
RankNameAuthor
—Mandibulata
—PancrustaceaZrzavý and Štys 1997
—Hymenostraca(Rolfe 1969)
superclassMulticrustaceaRegier et al. 2010
classMalacostraca()
subclassPhyllocarida(Packard 1879)
subclassPhyllocarida(Packard 1879)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subcl. Phyllocarida Packard 1879
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Or. †Archaeostraca Claus 1888
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G. †Arenosicaris Collette and Hagadorn 2010
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†Arenosicaris inflata Collette and Hagadorn 2010
Subor. †Caryocaridina Collette and Hagadorn 2010
+
Fm. †Caryocarididae Racheboeuf et al. 2000
+
G. †Caryocaris Salter 1863
+
Subg. †Caryocaris (Rhinopterocaris) Chapman 1902
†Caryocaris cedarbergensis Whittle et al. 2007
†Caryocaris maccoyi Collette and Hagadorn 2010
+
Invalid names: Caryocaris salteri M'Coy 1861 [objective synonym]
†Caryocaris subula Chlupac 1970
†Caryocaris wrightii Salter 1863
G. †Haplocaris Collette and Hagadorn 2010
G. †Ivocaris Racheboeuf et al. 2009
G. †Janviericaris Racheboeuf et al. 2009
G. †Jellicaris Racheboeuf and Crasquin 2010
+
†Jellicaris stewarti Jell 1980
G. †Rhinopterocaris Chapman 1902
+
†Rhinopterocaris fordycei Liu et al. 2024
+
Invalid names: Caryocaris marrii Hicks 1876 [synonym]
†Rhinopterocaris maccoyi Collette and Hagadorn 2010
G. †Saltericaris Racheboeuf and Crasquin 2010
G. †Soomicaris Racheboeuf and Crasquin 2010
Fm. †Gonatocarididae Liu et al. 2023
+
G. †Cugocaris Liu et al. 2023
G. †Gonatocaris Guerich 1929
G. †Rolfecaris Racheboeuf et al. 2009
Subor. †Ceratiocaridina Clark 1900
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Fm. †Aristozoidae Gurich 1929
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G. †Orozoe
G. †Pygocaris
Fm. †Ceratiocarididae Salter 1860
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G. †Ceratiocaris M'Coy 1849
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Subg. †Ceratiocaris (Bohemicaris) Chlupac 1994
Subg. †Ceratiocaris (Colpocaris) Meek 1872
Subg. †Ceratiocaris (Limnocaris) Clarke 1901
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Invalid names: Ceratiocaris (Limnocaris) clarkei Ruedemann 1925 [synonym], Ceratiocaris aculeata Hall 1859 [synonym], Ceratiocaris deweyi Hall 1852 [synonym], Ceratiocaris longicaudus Hall 1863 [synonym], Ceratiocaris poduriformis Whitfield 1896 [synonym]
†Ceratiocaris berdanae Kjellesvig-Waering 1955
†Ceratiocaris bohemica Barrande 1853
+
Invalid names: Ceratiocaris docens Barrande 1872 [synonym], Ceratiocaris gigas Jones and Woodward 1888 [synonym], Ceratiocaris inaequalis Barrande 1868 [synonym], Ceratiocaris murchisoni La Touche 1884 [synonym], Ceratiocaris tyrannus Salter 1878 [synonym]
†Ceratiocaris debilis Barrande 1868
†Ceratiocaris decipiens Barrande 1872
†Ceratiocaris longicauda Sharpe 1853
†Ceratiocaris macroura Collette and Hagadorn 2010
†Ceratiocaris papilio Salter 1859
†Ceratiocaris praecedens Clarke 1901
†Ceratiocaris primulus Barrande 1868
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Invalid names: Ceratiocaris elegans Barrande 1868 [synonym], Ceratiocaris imperfectus Barrande 1868 [synonym]
†Ceratiocaris pusillus Matthew 1889
†Ceratiocaris scharyi Barrande 1872
†Ceratiocaris silicula Bassler 1919
†Ceratiocaris tardus Barrande 1868
†Ceratiocaris telleri Whitfield 1896
G. †Heroldina
+
Invalid names: Allolepis Heintz 1932 [synonym]
G. †Pumilocaris Racheboeuf et al. 2000
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†Pumilocaris granulosus Racheboeuf et al. 2000
†Pumilocaris salina Ruedemann 1916
G. †Warneticaris Racheboeuf 1994
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†Warneticaris cenomanensis Tromelin 1874
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Invalid names: Ceratiocaris damesi Novak 1886 [synonym]
†Warneticaris grata Chlupac 1984
Fm. †Echinocarididae Clarke 1900
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Subfm. †Echinocaridinae Clarke 1900
+
G. †Callizoe
Invalid names: Montecaridinae Rolfe 1966 [empty]
G. †Dictyocaris Salter 1860
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†Dictyocaris ramsayi Salter 1860
Subor. †Echinocaridina Clarke 1900
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G. †Aristozoe Barrande 1872
G. †Cinerocaris Briggs et al. 2004
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†Cinerocaris magnifica Briggs et al. 2004
G. †Echinocaris Whitfield 1880
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†Echinocaris multinodosa Whitfield 1880
†Echinocaris multispinosus Feldmann and McKenzie 1981
†Echinocaris ohioensis Sturgeon et al. 1964
†Echinocaris socialis Beecher 1884
†Echinocaris sublevis Whitfield 1880
†Echinocaris whidbornei Jones and Woodward 1889
+
†Montecaris gogoensis Briggs et al. 2011
G. †Emmelezoe Jones and Woodward 1886
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†Emmelezoe crassistriata Jones and Woodward 1886
†Emmelezoe maccoyiana Jones and Woodward 1886
†Gonatocaris decora Clarke 1901
Subor. †Palaeopemphida Feldmann et al. 2004
+
Fm. †Palaeopemphidae Feldmann et al. 2004
+
G. †Palaeopemphix Gemmellaro 1890
+
†Palaeopemphix affinis Gemmellaro 1890
†Palaeopemphix meyeri Gemmellaro 1890
†Palaeopemphix sosiensis Gemmellaro 1890
Subor. Pephricaridina van Straelen 1933
+
Fm. †Ohiocarididae Rolfe 1962
+
G. †Ohiocaris Rolfe 1962
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†Ohiocaris wycoffi Rolfe 1962
Invalid names: Pephricarididae Van Straelen 1933 [empty]
Subor. †Rhinocaridina
+
+
†Dithryocaris longicauda Sharpe 1853
G. †Hebertocaris Stumm and Chilman 1969
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†Hebertocaris wideneri Stumm and Chilman 1969
G. †Nahecaris
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†Nahecaris stuertzi Jaekel 1921
Fm. †Rhinocarididae Hall and Clarke 1888
+
G. †Carinatacaris Rode and Lieberman 2002
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†Carinatacaris scaphoptera Hall and Clarke 1888
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†Dithyrocaris rolfei Schram and Horner 1978
G. †Mesothyra Hall 1888
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†Schugurocaris wami Briggs et al. 2011
Invalid names: Rhinocarina Clarke 1900 [empty]
G. †Coreocaris Kobayashi 1937
G. †Dioxycaris Gurich 1929
Subor. †Discinocarina Clarke 1900
+
Fm. †Discinocarididae Etheridge et al. 1885
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+
†Discinocaris browniana Woodward 1866
Fm. †Peltocarididae Clarke 1900
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G. †Galenocaris Wells 1944
Or. †Hoplostraca Schram 1973
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Fm. †Sairocarididae Schram 1973
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G. †Aridelocaris Schweitzer and Schram 2025
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†Aridelocaris ohioensis Schweitzer and Schram 2025
G. †Kellibrooksia Schram 1973
+
+
†Sairocaris centurion Schram and Horner 1978
†Sairocaris elongata Peach 1882
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Invalid names: Acanthocaris attenuatus Peach 1883 [synonym], Ceratiocaris scorpioides Peach 1882 [synonym]
Invalid names: Acanthocaris Peach 1883 [replaced]
Or. Leptostraca Claus 1880
+
G. †Cascolus Siveter et al. 2017
+
†Cascolus ravitis Siveter et al. 2017
G. Levinebalia Walker-Smith 2000
Fm. Nebaliidae Baird 1850
+
G. Nebalia Leach 1814
G. Nebaliopsis Sars 1887
+
G. Paranebalia Claus 1880
Fm. †Rhabdouraeidae Schram and Malzahn 1984
+
G. †Rhabdouraea Schram and Malzahn 1984
+
†Rhabdouraea bentzi Malzahn 1958
G. Nebaliella Thiele 1904
G. †Nothozoe Barrande 1868
G. †Phasganocaris Novak 1886
+
†Phasganocaris pugio Barrande 1872
G. †Saccocaris Salter 1868
G. †Shafferia
Invalid names: Aristocaris [invalid subgroup]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: chitinc
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: nektobenthico
Diet: carnivoreo
Vision: well-developedc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: Surficial, fully motile fast, carnivore according to Bambach et al (2007).o
Created: 2009-09-21 12:34:55
Modified: 2009-09-21 14:34:55
Source: o = order, c = class
References: Aberhan 1992, Bambach et al. 2007

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Solvan to the top of the Wuchiapingian or 508.20000 to 254.14000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 505.3 Ma

Collections (165 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Delamaran509.7 - 505.3USA (Utah) Dioxycaris argenta (77218)
Solvan - Menevian508.2 - 499.5Czechia Phyllocarida indet. (57206)
Marjumian504.5 - 497.0USA (Utah) Phyllocarida indet. (260)
Tremadocian486.85 - 477.1Canada (Northwest Terrorities) Caryocaris sp. (415)
Early/Lower Ordovician486.85 - 471.3USA (Nevada) Caryocaris sp. (204004)
Tremadocian - Floian486.85 - 471.3Sweden Ceratiocaris sp. (3195)
Tremadocian - Dapingian486.85 - 469.4New Zealand (Southland) Caryocaris marrii, Rhinopterocaris fordycei, Jellicaris stewarti (237963)
Canadian486.85 - 457.3USA (Nevada) Caryocaris sp. (203995)
Ordovician486.85 - 443.1USA (Nevada) Caryocaris sp. (203996)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1China (Hunan) Caryocaris sp. (7712)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1Sweden Ceratiocaris sp. (3109 3110)
Tremadoc486.4 - 477.1China (GuangDong) Caryocaris sp. (4675)
Ningkuo478.8 - 466.6China (ZheJiang) Caryocaris sp. (7812)
Floian477.1 - 471.3Argentina Caryocaris sp. (9034)
Klabava477.1 - 469.4Czechia Caryocaris sp. (3841)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (GuangDong) Caryocaris sp. (4674)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0Sweden Ceratiocaris sp. (3197)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0Canada (Yukon) Phyllocarida indet. (288)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0China (Hunan) Caryocaris sp. (7711)
Arenig477.1 - 468.0Norway Caryocaris sp. (3184)