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Chondrostei

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1844Chondrostei Müller
1898Chondrostei Gadow p. 8
1902Chondrostei Hay p. 365
1911Chondrostei Jaekel p. 49
1934Chondrostei Heintz p. S187
1946Chondrostei Dunkle p. 402
1963Chondrostei Jordan p. 611
1970Chondrostei Applegate p. 398
1973Chondrostei Daly p. 564
1981Chondrostei Thurmond and Jones p. 80
2002Chondrostei Grande et al.
2006Chondrostei Grande and Hilton p. 5
2006Chondrostei Nelson
2011Chondrostei Long p. 242
2012Chondrostei Fierstine et al. p. 11
2013Chondrostei Betancur et al.
2016Chondrostei Nelson et al. p. 118
2018Chondrostei Carnevale and Godfrey p. 163
2019Chondrostei Ebersole et al. p. 150
2022Chondrostei Hilton and Grande
2023Chondrostei Murray et al. p. 3

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
RankNameAuthor
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
—Actinopterygii()
infraclassChondrosteiMüller 1844
infraclassChondrosteiMüller 1844

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Infracl. Chondrostei Müller 1844
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Or. Acipenseriformes Berg 1940
+
Fm. Acipenseridae Bonaparte 1831
+
G. Acipenser Linnaeus 1758 [sturgeon]
+
†Acipenser albertensis Lambe 1902
†Acipenser amnisinferos Hilton and Grande 2022
Acipenser brevirostrum Leseuer 1818 [shortnose sturgeon]
†Acipenser eruciferus Cope 1876
+
Invalid names: Ceratodus hieroglyphus Cope 1876 [synonym]
Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque 1817 [lake sturgeon]
†Acipenser gigantissimus Nessov 1997
†Acipenser molassicus Probst 1882
†Acipenser ornatus Leidy 1873
†Acipenser oxyrhynchus Mitchell 1814
†Acipenser praeparatorum Hilton and Grande 2022
†Acipenser toliapicus Agassiz 1844
†Acipenser tuberculosus Probst 1882
Invalid names: Acipenses Linck 1790 [synonym]
Subfm. Acipenserinae Bonaparte 1838
+
Invalid names: Acipenserini [empty]
G. †Boreiosturion Murray et al. 2023
+
†Boreiosturion labyrinthicus Murray et al. 2023
Subfm. Husinae
+
G. Huso Brandt and Ratzeburg 1833 [beluga]
+
Huso huso Linnaeus 1758
Subfm. †Priscosturioninae Grande and Hilton 2009
+
G. †Priscosturion Grande and Hilton 2009
+
†Priscosturion longipinnis Grande and Hilton 2006
G. †Propenser Applegate 1970
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†Propenser hewletti Applegate 1970
Subfm. †Psammorhynchinae Grande and Hilton 2006
+
G. †Psammorhynchus Grande and Hilton 2006
Subfm. Scaphirhynchinae Bonaparte 1846
+
G. †Protoscaphirhynchus Wilimovsky 1956
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†Protoscaphirhynchus squamosus Wilimovsky 1956
G. Pseudoscaphirhynchus Nikolskii 1900
+
G. Scaphirhynchus Heckel 1836
+
Invalid names: Propenserinae Applegate 1970 [empty], Pseudoscaphirhynchinae [empty]
Unr. Acipenseristomi Grande and Bemis 1996
+
+
Invalid names: Accipenseridae [empty]
Invalid names: Peipiaosteoidei Grande and Bemis 1996 [empty]
Subor. †Chondrosteoidei Grande and Bemis 1991
+
Fm. †Chondrosteidae Egerton 1858
+
G. †Chondrosteus Agassiz 1843
+
+
Invalid names: Chondrosteus crassior Egerton 1858 [synonym]
†Chondrosteus pachyurus Egerton 1858
G. †Gyrosteus Agassiz 1843
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†Gyrosteus mirabilis Agassiz 1843
+
Invalid names: Sepia incomposita Simpson 1855 [synonym]
G. †Strongylosteus Jaeckel 1931
G. †Eochondrosteus Lu et al. 2005
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†Eochondrosteus sinensis Lu et al. 2005
Fm. †Errolichthyidae Lehman 1952
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G. †Errolichthys Lehman 1952
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†Errolichthys mirabilis Lehman 1952
Fm. Polyodontidae Bonaparte 1838 [paddlefish]
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G. †Hesperopsephurus Nessov 1997
+
G. †Pholidurus Woodward 1885
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†Pholidurus disjectus Woodward 1889
Subfm. †Protopsephurinae Grande and Bemis 1996
+
Unr. Polyodonti Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Protopsephurus Lu 1994
+
G. †Psephuroides Nessov 1997
+
†Psephuroides kazakhorum Nessov 1997
Invalid names: Acipenseriodei Nelson 2016 [empty], Saurichthidae Mishra et al. 1990 [empty]
+
Invalid names: Catopteridae Woodward 1890 [synonym]
Or. †Luganoiiformes Lehman 1958
+
Fm. †Luganoiidae Brough 1939
+
G. †Besania Brough 1939
+
†Besania micrognathus Brough 1939
†Besania schaufelbergeri Herzog and Bürgin 2005
G. †Guizhoubrachysomus Liu 2004
+
Invalid names: Brachysomus Liu 2003 [replaced]
G. †Luganoia Brough 1939
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†Luganoia fortuna Xu 2020
†Luganoia lepidosteoides Brough 1939
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Invalid names: Luganoia intermedia Brough 1939 [synonym], Luganoia macrodentata Brough 1939 [synonym]
G. †Neochallaia Rusconi 1949
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†Neochallaia tellechai Rusconi 1948
†Neochallaia tellecheai Rusconi 1948
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Invalid names: Challaia minor Rusconi 1948 [synonym]
+
G. †Gracilignathichthys Bürgin 1992
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Fm. †Pholidopleuridae Nielsen 1949
+
G. †Arctosomus Berg 1941
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†Arctosomus sibiricus Berg 1941
G. †Australosomus Pivetau 1930
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†Australosomus kochi Stensiö 1932
+
Invalid names: Australosomus simplex Nielsen 1949 [synonym]
†Australosomus merlei Piveteau 1930
G. †Pholidopleurus Bronn 1858
+
†Pholidopleurus kochi Stensiö 1932
†Pholidopleurus ticinensis Bürgin 1992
†Pholidopleurus typus Bronn 1858
+
G. †Chungkingichthys Su 1974
Fm. †Ptycholepididae Brough 1939
+
G. †Acrorhabdus Stensiö 1921
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†Acrorhabdus asplundi Stensiö 1921
†Acrorhabdus bertili Stensiö 1921
†Acrorhabdus latistriatus Stensiö 1921
G. †Ardoreosomus Romano et al. 2019
+
†Ardoreosomus occidentalis Romano et al. 2019
G. †Boreosomus Stensiö 1921
+
†Boreosomus arcticus Woodward 1912
†Boreosomus gillioti Priem 1924
†Boreosomus merlei Beltan 1957
†Boreosomus piveteaui Nielsen 1942
†Boreosomus reuterskioldi Stensiö 1921
†Boreosomus scaber Stensiö 1921
G. †Ptycholepis Agassiz 1832
+
†Ptycholepis avus Kner 1866
†Ptycholepis barboi Bassani 1886
†Ptycholepis barrati Sauvage 1875
†Ptycholepis bollensis Agassiz 1832
†Ptycholepis curtus Egerton 1854
†Ptycholepis gracilis Davis 1884
†Ptycholepis magnus Bürgin 1992
†Ptycholepis marshii Newberry 1878
†Ptycholepis minor Egerton 1852
†Ptycholepis monilifer Woodward 1895
†Ptycholepis priscus Bürgin 1992
†Ptycholepis schaefferi Bürgin 1992
†Ptycholepis viai Beltan 1972
G. †Yuchoulepis Su 1993
+
+
Fm. †Saurichthyidae Stensiö 1925
+
G. †Brevisaurichthys Beltan 1972
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†Brevisaurichthys osseus Beltan 1972
G. †Saurichthys Agassiz 1834
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Subg. †Saurichthys (Sinosaurichthys) Wu et al. 2011
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†Sinosaurichthys minuta Wu et al. 2011
†Saurichthys aculeatus Henry 1876
†Saurichthys apicalis Agassiz 1834
†Saurichthys calcaratus Griffith 1977
†Saurichthys curionii Bellotti 1857
†Saurichthys daubreei Firtion 1934
†Saurichthys dawaziensis Wu et al. 2009
†Saurichthys deperditus Costa 1862
+
Invalid names: Saurichthys krambergeri Schlosser 1918 [synonym]
†Saurichthys dongusensis Minikh 1992
†Saurichthys eximius Minikh 1982
†Saurichthys gigas Woodward 1890
†Saurichthys gracilis Woodward 1890
+
Invalid names: Belonorhynchus gracilis Woodward 1890 [synonym]
†Saurichthys grignae Tintori 2013
†Saurichthys hamiltoni Stensiö 1925
†Saurichthys huanshenensis Chou and Liu 1957
†Saurichthys indicus Koninck 1863
†Saurichthys irregularis Oertle 1928
†Saurichthys latifrons Frech 1903
†Saurichthys longidens Agassiz 1843
+
Invalid names: Belonorhynchus robustus Bassani 1886 [synonym]
†Saurichthys majiashanensis Tintori et al. 2014
†Saurichthys nepalensis Beltan and Janvier 1978
†Saurichthys obrutchevi Minikh 1982
†Saurichthys orientalis Sytchevskaya 1999
†Saurichthys parvidens Woodward 1890
†Saurichthys piveteaui Beltan 1968
†Saurichthys proximus Minikh 1982
†Saurichthys sceltrichensis Renesto et al. 2021
†Saurichthys seefeldensis Beltan and Tintori 1980
†Saurichthys semicostatus Münster 1839
†Saurichthys spinosa Wu et al. 2018
†Saurichthys stensioi Lehman 1952
†Saurichthys striatulus Henry 1876
†Saurichthys striolatus Bronn 1858
+
Invalid names: Belonorhynchus striolatus Bronn 1858 [synonym]
†Saurichthys subulatus Henry 1876
†Saurichthys tenuirostris Münster 1839
†Saurichthys tertius Minikh 1982
†Saurichthys ultimus Minikh 1992
†Saurichthys vjuschkovi Minikh 1983
†Saurichthys wimani Woodward 1912
†Saurichthys yangjuanensis Wu et al. 2015
†Saurichthys yunnanensis Zhang et al. 2010
Invalid names: Ichthyorhynchus Bellotti 1857 [synonym]
G. †Saurorhynchus Reis 1892
+
†Saurorhynchus acutus Agassiz 1843
†Saurorhynchus anningae Maxwell and Stumpf 2017
†Saurorhynchus brevirostris Woodward 1895
†Saurorhynchus hauffi Maxwell and Stumpf 2017
Invalid names: Acidorhynchus Stensio 1925 [synonym]
G. †Systolichthys Beltan 1972
+
Invalid names: Belonorhynchidae Woodward 1888 [synonym]
Fm. †Yelangichthyidae Wu et al. 2013
+
G. †Yelangichthys Wu et al. 2013
+
†Yelangichthys macrocephalus Wu et al. 2013
Invalid names: Asterodontidae [empty], Cheirolepiformes [empty], Chondrosteiformes [empty], Diphyodontidae [empty], Guidayichthyiformes Lund 2000 [empty], Phanerorhynchiformes [empty], Polyodonti Jaekel 1911 [empty], Sturii Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2009-07-20 21:50:54
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:54
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Vyatkian to the top of the Holocene or 259.51000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 257.4 Ma

Collections (447 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Severodvinian - Vyatkian264.28 - 257.4Russian Federation (Orenburg) Saurichthys sp. (93027)
Wuchiapingian259.9 - 254.17Greenland Australosomus kochi (122146)
Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian259.9 - 252.17China (Gansu) Eochondrosteus sinensis (232541)
Vyatkian259.51 - 257.4Russian Federation (Vladimir) Saurichthys sp. (86346)
Changhsingian254.17 - 252.17China (Zhejiang) Eosaurichthys chaoi (123424)
Induan252.17 - 251.2Australia (Tasmania) Saurichthys sp. (136589 136590 136591)
Early/Lower Triassic252.17 - 247.2Madagascar Errolichthys mirabilis (130314 130331 130335)
Griesbachian251.902 - 250.5Greenland Australosomus kochi (48123 120896 153655) Australosomus kochi, Boreosomus piveteaui (153365 153366) Australosomus kochi, Boreosomus piveteaui, Australosomus simplex (153364) Australosomus kochi, Boreosomus piveteaui, Australosomus simplex, Australosomus pholidopleuroides (153362) Saurichthys dayi (122049 122050)
Griesbachian251.902 - 250.5Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk) Arctosomus sibiricus (103638)
Griesbachian - Spathian251.902 - 247.2Canada (British Columbia) Saurichthys dayi, Saurichthys toxolepis (148841 148842 148843)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2Norway (Svalbard) Saurichthys ornatus, Saurichthys wimani (103365)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2Canada (Alberta) Belonorhynchus dayi (122046)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2USA (Idaho) Saurichthys elongatus (133735)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2Svalbard and Jan Mayen Acrolepis arctica, Acrorhabdus bertili, Saurichthys ornatus, Belonorhynchus wimani (120367) Boreosomus arcticus (120303) Boreosomus reuterskioldi, Acrorhabdus bertili, Acrorhabdus asplundi, Acrorhabdus latistriatus, Saurichthys ornatus, Saurichthys elongatus, Saurichthys hamiltoni (120228) Boreosomus reuterskioldi, Acrorhabdus bertili, Saurichthys ornatus, Saurichthys elongatus, Saurichthys hamiltoni, Saurichthys wimani (120231) Boreosomus reuterskioldi, Saurichthys ornatus, Saurichthys elongatus, Boreosomus arcticus (120296) Boreosomus reuterskioldi, Saurichthys ornatus, Saurichthys elongatus, Saurichthys wimani (120366) Boreosomus reuterskioldi, Saurichthys wimani (120304) Boreosomus scaber, Saurichthys elongatus, Saurichthys wimani (120372) Saurichthys elongatus (120229 120376 120377) Saurichthys ornatus, Saurichthys elongatus, Saurichthys hamiltoni (120232) Saurichthys ornatus, Saurichthys wimani (120305) Saurichthys sp. (120230) Saurichthys sp., Saurichthys ornatus, Saurichthys elongatus (120375)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2Canada (British Columbia) Boreosomus sp., Australosomus sp., Saurichthys sp. (90301) Boreosomus sp., Saurichthys sp. (153369)
Smithian251.3 - 247.2USA (Nevada) Saurichthys sp. (188754)
Spathian251.3 - 247.2Svalbard and Jan Mayen Boreosomus scaber (120222 120373 120374)
Spathian251.3 - 247.2China (Anhui) Saurichthys sp. (155584)
Spathian - Bithynian251.3 - 242.0Australia (New South Wales) Belonorhynchus gigas, Belonorhynchus gracilis (131926)
Olenekian251.2 - 247.2Russian Federation (Volgograd) Saurichthys sp. (27343)