PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Oryctocephalus indicus

Trilobita - Corynexochida - Oryctocephalidae

Taxonomy

Zacanthoides indicus was named by Reed (1910). It is not extant.

It was recombined as Oryctocephalus indicus by Resser (1938), Kobayashi (1967), Sundberg and McCollum (1997) and Sundberg and McCollum (2003).

Synonyms

Oryctocephalus kobayashii was named by Saito (1934).

It was synonymized objectively with Oryctocephalus indicus by Sundberg and McCollum (1997).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1910	Zacanthoides indicus Reed
1934	Oryctocephalus kobayashii Saito pp. 231 - 232 figs. pi.25, figs. 23- 25.
1938	Oryctocephalus indicus Resser
1967	Oryctocephalus indicus Kobayashi p. 486 figs. figs. 11a, b
1969	Zacanthoides indicus Sastry and Mamgain figs. PI. 3, fig. 4
1997	Oryctocephalus indicus Sundberg and McCollum p. 1073 figs. Figure 9.1-9.8, ?9.9, 9.10
2003	Oryctocephalus indicus Sundberg and McCollum pp. 960 - 962 figs. Plate 8, ®gures 9, 12 - 13

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Ecdysozoa
—	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Artiopoda	(Hou and Bergstrom)

Rank	Name	Author
class	Trilobita	Walch 1771
order	Corynexochida
suborder	Corynexochina	Kobayashi 1935
family	Oryctocephalidae	Beecher 1897
subfamily	Oryctocephalinae	Beecher 1897
genus	Oryctocephalus	Walcott 1886
species	indicus	(Reed 1910)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Oryctocephalus indicus Reed 1910

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Invalid names: Oryctocephalus kobayashii Saito 1934 [objective synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
F. A. Sundberg and L. B. McCollum 1997	Cranidium with a conical glabella, SI to S 3 transglabellar furrows, e y e ridges directed slightly poster- olaterally, wide fixigena (92 ± 1 1 percent glabellar width), near ly straight anterior margin, and anterior border without curvature towards frontal lobe, and no intergenal angle. Twelve thoracic segments each with cylindrical pleural spines. Pygidium with 3 axial rings; anterior pleural bands long (exsag.), posterolaterally to posteriorly directed with cylindrical spines; and V I to V 3 spines decreasing in size and projecting posteriorly.

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitec

Composition 2:

chitinc

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100g

Adult width:

10 to < 100g

Ribbing:

noneg

Spines:

majorg

Ontogeny:

molting, addition of partsc

Environment:

marinec

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

nektobenthico

Diet:

carnivoreo

Vision:

well-developedf

Created:

2009-02-26 11:59:41

Modified:

2009-02-26 13:59:41

Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order, c = class

References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Hendy et al. 2009, Hendy 2009, Whittington et al. 1997

Age range: base of the Taijangian to the top of the Delamaran or 509.00000 to 506.50000 Ma

Collections (45 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Delamaran	511.2 - 506.5	USA (California)	Oryctocephalus indicus (69513 69515 69516 205003 205004 205005)
Delamaran	511.2 - 506.5	USA (Nevada)	Oryctocephalus indicus (10587 10588 69449 69451 69452 69453 69454 69455 69488 205002)
Taijangian	509.0 - 504.5	China (Guizhou)	Oryctocephalus indicus (79769 79770 125159 125162 125164 128092 128093 128095 128099 128100 128114 128115 128117 128118 128119 128120 128251 128252 128253 128254 128256 128257 128258 128259 128261 128262 128263 128264 235428)