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Loxoconcha
Taxonomy
Loxoconcha was named by Sars (1866) [Sepkoski's age data: K Albi R Sepkoski's reference number: 1073]. It is extant.
It was assigned to Cytheridae by Alexander (1934); to Podocopida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Loxoconchidae by Bertels (1973), Blaszyk (1987), Carreño and Cronin (1993), Ceolin et al. (2015), Yamaguchi et al. (2016), Ceolin et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Cytheridae by Alexander (1934); to Podocopida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Loxoconchidae by Bertels (1973), Blaszyk (1987), Carreño and Cronin (1993), Ceolin et al. (2015), Yamaguchi et al. (2016), Ceolin et al. (2024).
Species
L. bairdi, L. blanckenhorni, L. buntoni, L. corrugata, L. creolensis, L. fischeri, L. jacksonensis, L. lagosensis, L. mariafarinhensis, L. mataiensis, L. mornhinvegi, L. nuda, L. perdecora, L. posterocosta, L. prava, L. pseudopunctatella, L. reticularis, L. saharaensis, L. similis, L. stellifera, L. subrhomboidea, L. uranouchiensis, L. vernonensis, L. woodwardsensis
Species lacking formal opinion data
L. affinis, L. antillea, L. antillea, L. assimulatoformis, L. australis, L. banesensis, L. clarkensis, L. cocoaensis, L. concentrica, L. cretacea, L. cubensis, L. cyrton, L. delicata, L. dertobrevis, L. doryandae, L. durhami, L. edentonensis, L. eichwaldi, L. elliptica, L. fragilis, L. gibberosa, L. granifera, L. hastata, L. hodonica, L. impressa, L. levis, L. lienenklausi, L. linearis, L. maetica, L. matagordensis, L. muelleri, L. ovulata, L. punctata, L. punctatella, L. purisubrhomboidea, L. quadrifenestrata, L. reticulata, L. rhomboidea, L. rhombovalis, L. rohri, L. rolnickii, L. stavensis, L. turbida, L. turgida, L. wagneri, L. watervalleyensis, L. woodwordensis
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1866 | Loxoconcha Sars |
| 1934 | Loxoconcha Alexander |
| 1973 | Loxoconcha Bertels |
| 1987 | Loxoconcha Blaszyk p. 72 |
| 1993 | Loxoconcha Carreño and Cronin p. 151 |
| 2002 | Loxoconcha Sepkoski |
| 2015 | Loxoconcha Ceolin et al. |
| 2016 | Loxoconcha Yamaguchi et al. p. 412 figs. Table 3 |
| 2024 | Loxoconcha Ceolin et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Loxoconcha Sars 1866
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†Loxoconcha bairdi Mueller 1912
†Loxoconcha blanckenhorni Bassiouni and Luger 1990
†Loxoconcha buntoni Howe and Chambers 1935
†Loxoconcha corrugata Alexander 1934
†Loxoconcha creolensis Howe and Chambers 1935
Loxoconcha fischeri Brady 1869
†Loxoconcha jacksonensis Howe and Chambers 1935
†Loxoconcha lagosensis Reyment 1963
†Loxoconcha mariafarinhensis Fauth et al. 2005
†Loxoconcha mataiensis Khalifa and Cronin 1979
†Loxoconcha mornhinvegi Howe and Chambers 1935
†Loxoconcha nuda Alexander 1934
†Loxoconcha perdecora Alexander 1934
†Loxoconcha posterocosta Ceolin et al. 2015
†Loxoconcha prava Alexander 1934
†Loxoconcha pseudopunctatella Bassiouni and Luger 1990
†Loxoconcha reticularis Edwards 1944
†Loxoconcha saharaensis Bassiouni and Luger 1990
†Loxoconcha similis Bertels 1973
†Loxoconcha stellifera Mueller 1894
†Loxoconcha subrhomboidea Edwards 1944
†Loxoconcha uranouchiensis Ishizaki 1968
†Loxoconcha vernonensis Howe and Chambers 1935
†Loxoconcha woodwardsensis Howe and Law 1936
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
| part | N | mean | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| valve height | 1 | 0.230 |
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| Source: o = order, c = class | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Jell and Adrain 2002 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Aptian to the top of the Holocene or 119.57000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.2 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.2 Ma
Collections (146 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Aptian | Mexico (Baja California) | L. sp. (1891) | |
| Late/Upper Santonian | Morocco | L. sp. (94059) | |
| Danian | Argentina (Neuquén) | L. cretacea (232001) L. posterocosta (232007 232008) | |
| Danian | USA (Texas) | L. nuda (191232) L. prava (191249) | |
| Danian | Argentina (Río Negro) | L. mariafarinhensis (234219 234221 234226 234227 234228 234230 234232 234234) | |
| Danian - Selandian | USA (Texas) | L. perdecora, L. corrugata (191450) | |
| Paleocene | Trinidad and Tobago | L. nuda (94013 94015) | |
| Paleocene | USA (Missouri) | L. perdecora (232027) | |
| Early/Lower Eocene | USA (Texas) | L. delicata (94035) | |
| Ypresian | Togo | L. lagosensis (241152 241154) L. mataiensis (241096 241151) | |
| Eocene | USA (Mississippi) | L. creolensis, L. jacksonensis (191999) L. jacksonensis (191936 192002 192006) | |
| Eocene | USA (Louisiana) | L. buntoni, L. jacksonensis, L. mornhinvegi, L. vernonensis (191935) L. creolensis (191911) L. creolensis, L. jacksonensis (191908) | |
| Lutetian | Nigeria | L. lagosensis (60711 77257) | |
| Middle Eocene | Togo | L. lagosensis, L. mataiensis (241150) | |
| Middle Eocene | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | L. sp. (201740) | |
| Bartonian | USA (North Carolina) | L. creolensis (60452) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Alabama) | L. stavensis, L. clarkensis (94040) | |
| Late/Upper Eocene | New Zealand (Canterbury) | L. punctata (161903) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Alabama) | L. cocoaensis, L. concentrica (94154) L. cocoaensis, L. concentrica, L. watervalleyensis, L. creolensis, L. jacksonensis (94153) L. cocoaensis, L. jacksonensis (94155) L. creolensis (94157) L. jacksonensis (94156) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Mexico (Veracruz) | L. woodwardsensis (94169 94170) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Puerto Rico | L. durhami (94188 94191) | |
| Oligocene | USA (Alabama) | L. jacksonensis (191978 191979) | |
| Oligocene | Antarctica | L. rolnickii (94115) | |
| Chattian | USA (Washington) | L. sp. (91619 240703) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Puerto Rico | L. antillea (94195) L. antillea, L. sp. (94198) L. durhami, L. antillea (94196) L. lienenklausi (94192) L. lienenklausi, L. antillea, L. sp. (94194) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Antigua and Barbuda | L. lienenklausi (94180 94183 94184) L. lienenklausi, L. wagneri, L. durhami (94185) L. wagneri (94179) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | USA (Louisiana) | L. woodwordensis (44521) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Cuba (Sancti Spiritus) | L. cubensis (31183) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Puerto Rico | L. antillea, L. cubensis (94204) L. cubensis (94200 94202) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Trinidad and Tobago | L. banesensis (93912) L. banesensis, L. reticularis (93917) L. banesensis, L. rohri (93913) | |
| Burdigalian | Italy (Sardinia) | L. hastata (93940) L. hastata, L. spp. (93944) L. hastata, L. spp., L. punctatella (93945) L. hastata, L. spp., L. rhomboidea (93943) L. spp. (93941) | |
| Burdigalian | South Africa (North Cape) | L. sp. (37487) | |
| Burdigalian | India (Gujarat) | L. punctatella (93899) | |
| Langhian | South Africa (North Cape) | L. sp. (37494) | |
| Middle Miocene | Croatia | L. fragilis (68213) | |
| Middle Miocene | Poland | L. sp. (70539) | |
| Middle Miocene | Venezuela | L. antillea (93919 93922 93925) L. reticulata (93921) L. reticulata, L. antillea (93927 93928) | |
| Serravallian | Kazakhstan | L. turgida (174955) L. turgida, L. assimulatoformis, L. elliptica (174760) | |
| Serravallian | Poland | L. quadrifenestrata (138851) L. rhomboidea (138841 138846 138849) | |
| Sarmatian | Austria | L. rhomboidea (73299) | |
| Tortonian | Belgium (Antwerpen) | L. sp. (48092) | |
| Tortonian | Greece | L. dertobrevis (138333) L. ovulata, L. punctatella (138424 138428 138429 138576 138578 138579) L. punctatella (138331 138332 138334 138335 138425 138431 138443 138580 138581 138584) L. punctatella, L. ovulata (138336 138582) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Croatia | L. muelleri, L. granifera (68266) L. muelleri, L. rhombovalis, L. hodonica (68221) L. rhombovalis, L. hodonica (68219) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | USA (Maryland) | L. reticularis (191407) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Colombia (Atlántico) | L. rhomboidea (93902 93904 93906) L. rhomboidea, L. cyrton (93901) L. rhomboidea, L. cyrton, L. sp. (93900) L. rhomboidea, L. fischeri (93903 93905 93907) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Puerto Rico | L. cubensis (94206) | |
| Tortonian - Zanclean | Australia (Victoria) | L. australis (166810) | |
| Messinian | Georgia | L. sp., L. maetica, L. eichwaldi (45928) | |
| Messinian | Italy | L. sp. (69899) | |
| Messinian | Morocco | L. sp. (34723 34724) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | Greece (Rhodes) | L. affinis, L. elliptica, L. stellifera (122994) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene | New Zealand | L. punctata (73307) | |
| Zanclean | USA (North Carolina) | L. edentonensis, L. matagordensis, L. purisubrhomboidea, L. c, L. h, L. m, L. s, L. t, L. reticularis (52582) | |
| Piacenzian | Panama (Bocas del Toro) | L. sp. (91902) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Italy | L. gibberosa (176385) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | L. doryandae, L. reticularis (41501) | |
| Calabrian | USA (Florida) | L. reticularis (41705) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | India (Gujarat) | L. turbida, L. uranouchiensis, L. stellifera, L. bairdi (80599) L. uranouchiensis, L. stellifera (80600) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Maryland) | L. impressa (48886 66720) | |
| Holocene | India | L. sp. (76319) | |
| Holocene | Dominican Republic | L. fischeri (97552) | |
| Holocene | France | L. rhomboidea (56806) L. turbida, L. levis, L. rhomboidea, L. bairdi (56803) |