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Martharaptor greenriverensis
Taxonomy
Martharaptor greenriverensis was named by Senter et al. (2012) [urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5065191E-53CD-4B48-8C95-8DC7E405F9CB]. Its type specimen is UMNH VP 21400, a set of postcrania, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Hayden-Corbett Site (Gr287v), which is in a Valanginian crevasse splay mudstone/sandstone in the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah.
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2012 | Martharaptor greenriverensis Senter et al. p. 2 figs. 2-6 |
| 2015 | Martharaptor greenriverensis Milàn et al. p. 522 |
| 2016 | Martharaptor greenriverensis Kirkland et al. p. 31 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Martharaptor greenriverensis Senter et al. 2012
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| P. Senter et al. 2012 | Theropod dinosaur with the following combination of character states: cervical prezygapophyses not flexed; cranial dorsal vertebrae with hypapophyses and a single pair of pneumatopores; manual unguals without proximodorsal lips and with prominent flexor tubercles and strong curvature; manual unguals in which total length perpendicular to the articular facet is subequal to total height parallel to the articular facet; ungual of manual digit III nearly as large as that of digit II; distal end of scapula expanded; proximal end of ischium laterally compressed; metatarsal I proximally attenuated and distally reduced in transverse width relative to the other metatarsals; all metatarsals distally non-ginglymoid; fourth metatarsal distally attenuated immediately proximal to condyles; pedal unguals laterally compressed and strongly curved; first pedal ungual smaller than the others. No other theropod dinosaur exhibits this combination of character states. However, because of the fragmentary nature of the specimen, it is important to be specific about how this combination of character states distinguishes the specimen as a new taxon. Therefore, below we show how these character states distinguish the new specimen from other theropods of the Cedar Mountain Formation and from previously described therizinosauroids. Martharaptor greenriverensis can be distinguished from the Cedar Mountain Formation coelurosaur Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni by differences in manual and pedal morphology. In N. justinhofmanni the manual unguals are nearly straight, and the flexor tubercle of the first manual ungual is strongly pendant and approximately half the height of the articular facet. The proximal surface of metatarsal II is subtriangular, and that of metatarsal III is a craniocaudally elongate rectangle [7]. In contrast, the manual unguals of M. greenriverensis are strongly curved, the proximal surface of metatarsal II is nearly square, and the proximal surface of metatarsal III is approximately as wide transversely at it is long
craniocaudally. In the known material of M. greenriverensis there are no preserved bones in common with the troodontid Geminiraptor suarezarum [5], the dromaeosaurids Utahraptor ostrommaysorum [8] and Yurgovuchia doellingi [6], or the unnamed dromaeosaurids from the Cedar Mountain Formation [6]. However, M. greenriverensis lacks character states that are present in troodontids and dromaeosaurids, such as flexed cervical prezygapophyses, a distally unexpanded scapula, and strongly pendant flexor tubercles on the manual unguals. M. greenriverensis can be distinguished from Falcarius utahensis, a therizinosauroid from the Cedar Mountain Formation, by the morphology of its manual unguals and fourth metatarsal. In F. utahensis the shape of the first manual ungual is markedly different from the others [2], whereas in M. greenriverensis all manual unguals resemble each other in shape (Fig. 2). The shaft of the third manual ungual is more gracile in F. utahensis [2] and is taller (deeper in the dorso-palmar dimension) in M. greenriverensis (Fig. 2). In M. greenriverensis metatarsal IV is more strongly beveled distally than it is in Falcarius [3]. Other therizinosauroids differ from M. greenriverensis in the following ways. In Beipiaosaurus inexpectus the manual unguals are more gracile and the third manual is much smaller than the others [9], whereas in M. greenriverensis the manual unguals are deep and the third ungual is only slightly smaller than the others (Fig. 2). In Alxasaurus elesitaiensis and members of Therizinosauridae other than Nothronychus the dorsal surface of each manual ungual arches above the level of the proximal articular facet [12,19,21], whereas such is not the case in M. greenriverensis. In members of Therizinosauridae the proximal surface of metatarsal I is robust and articulates with the tarsus [16,20,23], whereas that of M. greenriverensis is attenuated and exhibits a lateral facet for articulation with the medial side of metatarsal II. In members of Therizinosauridae the distal surface of metatarsal IV is perpendicular to the shaft [16,20,23], whereas it is beveled in M. greenriverensis. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: superf = superfamily, o = order | |||||
| References: Holtz et al. 2000, Kiessling 2004, Marsh 1875 | |||||
Age range: Valanginian or 137.05000 to 132.60000 Ma
Collections: one only
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Valanginian | USA (Utah) | Martharaptor greenriverensis (type locality: 133038) |