PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Composita

Rhynchonellata - Athyridida - Athyrididae

Taxonomy

Composita was named by Brown (1849) [Sepkoski's age data: D Fras-u P Guad-u Sepkoski's reference number: 1,7,708,1215].

It was reranked as Athyris (Composita) by Reed (1944).

It was assigned to Athyris by Reed (1944); to Athyridae by Hoare (1961); to Athyrididae by Savage and Baxter (1995); to Spirigerellinae by Williams et al. (2002); and to Spiriferida by Sepkoski (2002).

Species

Athyris (Composita) indosinensis, Athyris (Composita) semirostrata, C. affinis, C. apheles, C. apsidata, C. argentea (syn. Terebratula titicacensis), C. bamberi, C. biforma, C. bucculenta, C. costata, C. cracens, C. crassa, C. depressa, C. discina, C. elongata, C. emarginata, C. enormis, C. gigantea, C. girtyi, C. globosa, C. grandis, C. hapsida, C. huagongensis, C. idahoensis, C. imbricata, C. insulcata, C. jogensis, C. laevis, C. lewisensis, C. magnicarina, C. mexicana (syn. C. parva, C. arizonica, C. guadalupensis), C. minuscula, C. mira, C. misriensis, C. nucella, C. obesa, C. ovata, C. parasulcata, C. pikensis, C. pilula, C. plana, C. prospera, C. pyriformis, C. quadrirotunda, C. quantilla, C. rotunda, C. sigma, C. stalagmium, C. strongyle, C. subcircularis, C. subquadrata, C. subtilita, C. sulcata, C. tareica, C. tetralobata, C. tobaensis, C. trinuclea

Species lacking formal opinion data

C. ambigua, C. ambigua, C. bellula, C. caimaensis, C. ficoidea, C. gibbosa, C. humilis, C. immatura, C. lateralis, C. megala, C. oblonga, C. ptygmation, C. salve, C. struniensis, C. trilobata

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1849	Composita Brown
1944	Athyris (Composita) Reed p. 269
1961	Composita Hoare p. 89
1995	Composita Savage and Baxter p. 1039
2002	Composita Sepkoski
2002	Composita Williams et al. p. 1536

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Athyridida	Boucot et al. 1964
suborder	Athyrididina	Boucot et al. 1964
superfamily	Athyridoidea	McCoy 1844
family	Athyrididae	McCoy 1841
subfamily	Spirigerellinae
genus	Composita	Brown 1849

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Composita Brown 1849

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†Athyris (Composita) indosinensis Mansuy 1914

†Athyris (Composita) semirostrata Reed 1944

†Athyris subtilita grandis Davidson 1862

†Composita affinis Girty 1909

†Composita apheles Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita apsidata Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita argentea Shepard 1838

Invalid names: Terebratula titicacensis Gabb 1877 [synonym]

†Composita bamberi Shi and Waterhouse 1996

†Composita biforma Yang 1991

†Composita bucculenta Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita costata Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita cracens Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita crassa Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita depressa Sun 1991

†Composita discina Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita elongata Dunbar and Condra 1932

†Composita emarginata Girty 1909

†Composita emarginata affinis Girty 1909

†Composita enormis Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita gigantea Branson 1930

†Composita girtyi Raymond 1911

†Composita globosa Weller 1914

†Composita grandis Cooper 1953

†Composita hapsida Stehli and Grant 1970

†Composita huagongensis Liao 1979

†Composita idahoensis Butts 2007

†Composita imbricata Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita insulcata Zeng et al. 1995

†Composita jogensis Yanagida and Nishikawa 1984

†Composita laevis Weller 1914

†Composita lewisensis Weller 1914

†Composita magnicarina Campbell 1961

†Composita mexicana Hall 1857

Invalid names: Composita arizonica McKee 1938 [synonym], Composita guadalupensis Girty 1909 [synonym], Composita parva Branson 1930 [synonym]

†Composita minuscula Chronic 1949

†Composita mira Girty 1899

†Composita misriensis Reed 1944

†Composita nucella Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita obesa Easton et al. 1958

†Composita ovata Mather 1915

†Composita parasulcata Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita pikensis Carter 1968

†Composita pilula Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita plana Branson 1930

†Composita prospera Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita pyriformis Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita quadrirotunda Lee and Su 1980

†Composita quantilla Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita rotunda Snider 1915

†Composita sigma Gordon 1975

†Composita stalagmium Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita strongyle Cooper and Grant 1976

†Composita subcircularis Brill 1940

†Composita subquadrata Hall 1858

†Composita subtilita Hall 1852

†Composita subtilita peruviana Chronic 1949

†Composita sulcata Weller 1914

†Composita tareica Chernyak 1963

†Composita tetralobata Hoare 1960

†Composita tobaensis Wang 1985

†Composita trinuclea Hall 1856

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

part	N	mean	minimum	maximum	median	s.d.
shell height	1063	5.80	0.500	33.3	6.20	4.79
valve height	11	12.9	7.10	64.0	9.90	16.8

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Environment:

marineuc

Locomotion:

stationarysubo

Attached:

yesp

Life habit:

low-level epifaunalsubo

Diet:

suspension feedersubo

Vision:

blindc

Created:

2018-11-10 18:06:04

Modified:

2018-11-10 18:06:04

Source: subo = suborder, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Late/Upper Frasnian to the top of the Changhsingian or 379.50000 to 252.17000 Ma

Collections (1821 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Paleozoic - Triassic	538.8 - 201.4	Chile (Ovalle)	C. sp. (222433)
Devonian - Carboniferous	419.2 - 298.9	USA (Montana, and Wyoming)	C. humilis (12387)
Late/Upper Frasnian	379.5 - 376.1	USA (Alaska)	C. bellula (3102)
Early/Lower Famennian	376.1 - 370.6	China	C. salve (162317)
Famennian	372.2 - 358.9	USA (New Mexico)	C. bellula (231554 231555 231556 231558)
Famennian	372.2 - 358.9	USA (Montana)	C. sp. (7217 7218 7223 7226 7235)
Famennian	372.2 - 358.9	Afghanistan (Herat)	C. globosa (70159)
Famennian - Tournaisian	372.2 - 346.7	United Kingdom (England)	C. struniensis (38440 38441)
Middle Famennian	370.6 - 364.7	USA (Montana)	C. humilis (6983)
Late/Upper Famennian	364.7 - 360.7	Canada (Alberta)	C. bellula (35544)
Youngest occurrences
Time interval	Ma	Country or state	PBDB collection number
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	Madagascar (Diana)	Athyris argentea (81987)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	USA (Utah)	C. mira (39550 39552 39557 39562 39720 39721 39730 39732) C. parasulcata (39553) C. sp. (11234) C. sp., C. mira (11232)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	China (Qinghai)	Araxathyris emarginata (103604)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	USA (Montana)	C. sp. (11278 11279)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	USA (Wyoming)	C. parva (236334) C. sp. (11228) C. subtilita, C. parva, C. plana, C. gigantea (236341)
Wuchiapingian	259.9 - 254.17	Pakistan	Athyris bajtuganensis (125909) Athyris indosinensis (125887 125895 125896 125898 125901)
Lopingian	259.9 - 252.17	USA (Wyoming)	C. parva (236336 236339) C. sp., C. mira (11224) C. sp., C. subtilita, C. mira (11223)
Lopingian	259.9 - 252.17	USA (Montana)	C. sp. (95024) C. spp. (11273)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	China (Sichuan)	C. sp. (95288 95289 95290 95292 95293 95294 95296 95299 95301 95302)
Changhsingian	254.17 - 252.17	China (Chongqing)	C. sp. (94984)