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Howellella

Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Delthyrididae

Taxonomy
Howellella was named by Kozlowski (1946). Its type is Terebratula crispa. It is the type genus of Howellellinae.

It was assigned to Spiriferacea by Kirk and Amsden (1952); to Acrospiriferinae by Bassett and Cocks (1974); to Delthyridinae by Jones (1982); to Spiriferida by Sepkoski (2002); and to Howellellinae by Williams et al. (2006).

Species
H. (Hysterohowellella), H. anglica, H. crispa, H. cycloptera, H. elegans, H. porcata, H. smithi, H. subinsignis, H. textilis
Species lacking formal opinion data
Delthyris scabra, H. amsdeni, H. amurensis, H. anceps, H. angulata, H. angustiplicata, H. arctica, H. australis, H. bourreti, H. bragensis, H. carlsi, H. complicata, H. cortazari, H. crispina, H. crispus, H. cuneata, H. cuniculi, H. cyclopterus, H. dashtygoica, H. derelicta, H. digitatioides, H. digitatoides, H. digitoides, H. elevataeformis, H. eriensis, H. globosa, H. henryhousensis, H. inchoans, H. khalfina, H. khalfini, H. koneprusensis, H. konieprusensis, H. kulkovi, H. laeviplicata, H. latisinuata, H. latisulcata, H. lunae, H. medioplicata, H. mercuri, H. mercuriformis, H. minora, H. mongolica, H. multiplicata, H. nucula, H. ohionensis, H. orphana, H. papaoensis, H. parvula, H. praevius, H. pseudoacutolobata, H. pseudogibbosa, H. rzonsnickajae, H. scabra, H. secans, H. shiqianensis, H. splendens, H. spuria, H. subgregarius, H. talenti, H. tapsaensis, H. tingi, H. uniplicata, H. uniplicatus, H. vanuxemi, H. yacutica, H. yukianensis, H. yukiangensis, H. zaleszczykiensis

Synonyms
  • Crispella was named by Kozlowski (1929).

    It was reranked as Spirifer (Crispella) by Lamont and Gilbert (1945); it was replaced with Howellella by Kozlowski (1946).

    It was assigned to Spiriferidae by Kozlowski (1929); and to Spirifer by Lamont and Gilbert (1945).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1929Crispella Kozlowski
1945Spirifer (Crispella) Lamont and Gilbert
1946Howellella Kozlowski p. 295
1952Howellella Kirk and Amsden
1974Howellella Bassett and Cocks
1982Howellella Jones p. 1393
2002Howellella Sepkoski
2006Howellella Williams et al. p. 1826

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
—Lophophorata
—PanbrachiopodaCarlson and Cohen 2020
phylumBrachiopodaCuvier 1805
RankNameAuthor
subphylumRhynchonelliformeaWilliams et al. 1996
classRhynchonellataWilliams et al. 1996
orderSpiriferida
suborderDelthyridinaIvanova 1972
superfamilyDelthyridoideaPhillips 1841
familyDelthyrididaeWaagen 1883
subfamilyHowellellinaeJohnson and Hou 1994
genusHowellella

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Howellella Kozlowski 1946
show all | hide all
†Howellella anglica Lamont and Gilbert 1945
†Howellella crispa Hisinger 1827
†Howellella cycloptera Hall 1857
†Howellella elegans Muir-Wood 1925
†Howellella porcata Jin et al. 1993
†Howellella smithi Waite 1956
†Howellella textilis Talent 1963
Invalid names: Crispella Kozlowski 1929 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Entire body: yesg
Adult length: 1.0 to < 10g
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10g
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10g
Environment: marineuc
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yesp
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Comments: BODY SIZE: Data from Williams et al. (2002).g
Created: 2009-06-02 14:05:20
Modified: 2009-06-02 16:05:20
Source: g = genus, o = order, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Nesnidal et al. 2013, Aberhan et al. 2004, Hendy 2009

Age range: base of the Niagaran to the top of the Middle Frasnian or 439.40000 to 375.20000 Ma

Collections (685 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Llandovery443.1 - 432.9Canada (Québec) H. multiplicata (24543)
Llandovery443.1 - 432.9Mongolia (Gobi Altai) H. elegans (13188) H. sp. (13329)
Llandovery443.1 - 432.9Canada (Ontario) H. sp. (461)
Llandovery443.1 - 432.9USA (Iowa) H. sp. (25041)
Llandovery443.1 - 432.9Canada (Yukon) H. sp. (515)
Llandovery443.1 - 432.9USA (New York) H. sp. (462)
Llandovery - Wenlock443.1 - 426.7USA (New Hampshire) H. sp. 2 (537)
Llandovery - Wenlock443.1 - 426.7Venezuela H. sp. (25066)
Llandovery - Wenlock443.1 - 426.7United Kingdom (England) H. elegans (23089)
Llandovery - Wenlock443.1 - 426.7USA (Nevada) H. sp. (24787)

Youngest occurrences
Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Emsian410.62 - 393.47Australia (Queensland) H. sp. (39880)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47China (Guangxi) H. sp. (65074)
Emsian410.62 - 393.47Australia (New South Wales) H. textilis (39884 39887 39888 39889)
Zlichovian410.62 - 393.47Canada (Yukon) H. sp. (81647)
Late/Upper Emsian399.5 - 393.47Russian Federation H. pseudoacutolobata (35715 35716 35718 35720)
Late/Upper Emsian399.5 - 393.47China (Guangxi) H. nucula, H. sp. (4815) H. papaoensis (4863) H. sp. (4804 4809 4813) H. yukianensis (4057 4692) H. yukiangensis (4803)
Late/Upper Emsian - Eifelian399.5 - 387.95Russian Federation H. pseudoacutolobata (35721)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Canada (Nunavut) H. sp. (65978)
Eifelian393.47 - 387.95Mongolia H. sp. (79716)
Middle Frasnian379.0 - 375.2France H. sp. (65763 65764 65765 65766)