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Vagaceratops irvinensis
Taxonomy
Chasmosaurus irvinensis was named by Holmes et al. (2001). Its type specimen is NMC 41357, a skeleton, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Southwest of Irvine (NMC), which is in a Campanian terrestrial horizon in the Dinosaur Park Formation of Canada.
It was recombined as Vagaceratops irvinensis by Sampson et al. (2010), Farke et al. (2011), Maidment and Barrett (2011), Ryan et al. (2012), Loewen et al. (2013), Holmes and Ryan (2013), Holmes (2014), Evans et al. (2014), Konishi (2015), Campbell et al. (2016).
It was recombined as Vagaceratops irvinensis by Sampson et al. (2010), Farke et al. (2011), Maidment and Barrett (2011), Ryan et al. (2012), Loewen et al. (2013), Holmes and Ryan (2013), Holmes (2014), Evans et al. (2014), Konishi (2015), Campbell et al. (2016).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2001 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Holmes et al. |
| 2004 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Dodson et al. p. 496 |
| 2005 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Currie p. 4 |
| 2005 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Diem and Archibald p. 251 |
| 2005 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Ryan and Evans p. 325 |
| 2006 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Campione and Holmes p. 1014 |
| 2006 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Lucas et al. p. 368 |
| 2007 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Farke p. 253 |
| 2007 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Holmes and Organ p. 411 |
| 2007 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Ryan p. 392 |
| 2008 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Longrich p. 994 |
| 2010 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Longrich p. 683 |
| 2010 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Ryan et al. p. 185 |
| 2010 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Sampson et al. p. 5 |
| 2011 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Eberth and Evans p. 20 |
| 2011 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Farke et al. p. 692 |
| 2011 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Maidment and Barrett p. 2 |
| 2012 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Ryan et al. p. 79 |
| 2013 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Holmes and Ryan p. 20 |
| 2013 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Loewen et al. p. 499 |
| 2014 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Evans et al. p. 206 |
| 2014 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Holmes p. 1 |
| 2014 | Pentaceratops aquilonius Longrich p. 295 fig. 3–5 |
| 2014 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Longrich p. 299 |
| 2014 | Mercuriceratops gemini Ryan et al. figs. 2a-d |
| 2015 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Konishi p. 617 |
| 2016 | Vagaceratops irvinensis Campbell et al. p. 3 |
| 2022 | Chasmosaurus irvinensis Mallon et al. p. 158 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Vagaceratops irvinensis Holmes et al. 2001
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Invalid names: Mercuriceratops gemini Ryan et al. 2014 [synonym], Pentaceratops aquilonius Longrich 2014 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| N. R. Longrich 2010 | Chasmosaurus exhibiting the following combination of characters: (1) five pairs of parietal epoccipitals; (2) parietal epoccipitals long and pendant, hanging over the front of the parietal caudal bar; (3) lateral rami of parietal posterior bar straight in dorsal view, (4) angle between lateral rami of parietal caudal bar 180°, the parietal median bar and lateral rami creating a distinctive ‘T’ shape; (5) distal end of squamosal broad; (6) brow horns absent; (7) parietal fenestrae reduced, anteroposterior length less than 50% length of frill; (8) nasal horn short and massive, with transversely expanded base (Holmes et al., 2001). | |
| S. D. Sampson et al. 2010 | Chasmosaurine ceratopsid diagnosed by
the following autapomorphies: jugal notch on proximal squamosal broadly rounded and open (not parallel sided); transverse parietal bar straight; epiparietals (ep1-ep3) and epiparietosquamosal (eps) short, forming recurved flat laminae; and predentary length one half that of dentary. | |
| N. R. Longrich 2014 (Pentaceratops aquilonius) | Pentaceratops characterized by the following primitive features: weak median emargination of parietal, with lateral rami meeting at an angle of approximately 90 and U-shaped emargination not strongly extended anteriorly. P1 projects dorsally, rather than anteriorly, lateral epoccipitals <100 mm in length. Caudal bar of parietal anteroposteriorly broad relative to P. sternbergii or Utahceratops gettyi. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Norman and Weishampel 1991, Kiessling 2004, Marsh 1875 | |||||
Age range: Late/Upper Campanian or 83.60000 to 72.20000 Ma
Collections (7 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Anchiceratops sp. (51317) Chasmosaurus irvinensis (86515) Chasmosaurus sp. (type locality: 24891 24893) Mercuriceratops gemini (156536) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Montana) | Mercuriceratops gemini (156538) | |
| Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Anchiceratops sp. (51318) |