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Holectypoida
Taxonomy
Holectypoida was named by Duncan (1889). It is extant.
It was assigned to Echinoidea by Donovan (1993), Sepkoski (2002); to Gnathostomata by Wagner and Durham (1966), Berndt (2003); and to Irregularia by Smith (1991), Smith (1995), Kroh and Smith (2010).
It was assigned to Echinoidea by Donovan (1993), Sepkoski (2002); to Gnathostomata by Wagner and Durham (1966), Berndt (2003); and to Irregularia by Smith (1991), Smith (1995), Kroh and Smith (2010).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1889 | Holectypoida Duncan |
| 1966 | Holectypoida Wagner and Durham p. U442 |
| 1991 | Holectypoida Smith p. 35 |
| 1993 | Holectypoida Donovan p. 99 |
| 1995 | Holectypoida Smith p. 178 |
| 2002 | Holectypoida Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Holectypoida Berndt p. 82 |
| 2010 | Holectypoida Kroh and Smith p. 171 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. Holectypoida Duncan 1889
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Fm. †Anorthopygidae Wagner and Durham 1966
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Fm. †Discoididae Lambert 1900
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G. †Camerogalerus
G. †Discoides Parkinson 1811
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†Discoides decoratus Desor 1842
†Discoides infera Desor 1858
†Discoides minimus Agassiz 1840
†Discoides subuculus Leske 1778
Invalid names: Discoidea Agassiz 1835 [nomen vanum]
G. †Dixonia
G. †Duperieria
G. †Echinogalerus
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†Echinogalerus bueltenensis Schluter 1902
†Echinogalerus gehrdensis Roemer 1841
†Echinogalerus goslariensis Schluter 1902
†Echinogalerus raingeardi Tessier and Roman 1973
Invalid names: Caratomus Desor 1842 [synonym]
G. †Galerites Lamarck 1801
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†Galerites abbreviata Lamarck 1816
†Galerites albogalerus Leske 1778
†Galerites bargesanus d'Orbigny 1853
†Galerites castanea Brongniart 1822
†Galerites elliptica Zaręczny 1878
†Galerites globulus Desor 1842
†Galerites laevis Agassiz 1840
†Galerites oregonensis Dana 1849
†Galerites subrotunda Mantell 1822
†Galerites vulgaris Leske 1778
†Galerites vulgaris obtusa Zaręczny 1878
Invalid names: Adelopneustes Gauthier 1889 [synonym], Echinoconus d'Orbigny 1854 [synonym]
Fm. †Holectypidae Lambert 1900
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G. †Coenholectypus Pomel 1883
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†Coenholectypus baluchistanensis Noetling 1897
†Coenholectypus excisus Desor 1847
†Coenholectypus inflatus Cotteau and Gauthier 1895
†Coenholectypus larteti Cotteau 1869
†Coenholectypus macropygus Agassiz 1836
†Coenholectypus macrostomus Engel 1964
†Coenholectypus neocomiensis Gras 1848
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Invalid names: Holectypus adkinsi Smiser 1936 [synonym], Holectypus engerrandi Lambert 1927 [synonym], Holectypus pennanus White 1887 [synonym], Holectypus planatus Roemer 1852 [synonym]
†Holectypus (Coenholectypus) peridoneus Nishiyama 1950
†Holectypus larteti major Blenckenhorn 1925
G. †Coptodiscus
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†Coptodiscus magniproctus Smith 1995
†Coptodiscus noemiae Cotteau and Gauthier 1895
G. †Discholectypus Pomel 1883
G. †Holectypus
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†Holectypus cragini Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Holectypus montalvensis Sanchez-Roig 1953
†Holectypus pealei Clark and Twitchell 1915
†Holectypus sarthacensis Cotteau 1856
G. †Neoglobator
Invalid names: Coenholectypidae Smith and Wright 1999 [empty], Conoclypina Haeckel 1896 [empty], Holectypina [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, c = class, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan et al. 2004, Aberhan 1992 | |||||
Collections (325 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jurassic | USA (Wyoming) | Holectypus pealei (203316) | |
| Bajocian | Saudi Arabia | Holectypus depressus (45301 48112) Holectypus phelani (48080 48105 48106) | |
| Parkinsoni | United Kingdom (Gloucestershire) | Discoidea depressa (196369) | |
| Bajocian - Early/Lower Bathonian | Saudi Arabia | Holectypus depressus (45303) | |
| Bathonian | Saudi Arabia | Holectypus depressus (48306 48402) Holectypus depressus, Holectypus phelani (48405) Holectypus phelani (48341 48451 48456) Holectypus sp. (48484) | |
| Bathonian | France | Holectypus depressus (98246) | |
| Early/Lower Bathonian | Iran | Holectypus depressus (37563) | |
| Late/Upper Bathonian | Jordan | Holectypus depressus (50105) | |
| Bathonian - Callovian | China (Xizang) | Holectypus depressus (61446) | |
| Callovian | Armenia | Holectypus sarthacensis (196494) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Türkiye | Holectypus inflatus (34587) | |
| Maastrichtian | Spain (Santander) | Camerogalerus cantabrius, Echinogalerus muelleri, Echinogalerus vetschauensis (157006) Coenholectypus nachtigali (157009 157010) Echinogalerus muelleri (157005 157008 157019 157023) Echinogalerus muelleri, Coenholectypus nachtigali (157007) Echinogalerus vetschauensis, Coenholectypus nachtigali (157004) | |
| Maastrichtian | Oman | Coenholectypus baluchistanensis (151618) Coenholectypus inflatus (151654 151656) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian - Danian | Netherlands (Limburg) | Coenholectypus macrostomus (32169) | |
| Late/Upper Maastrichtian - Danian | Netherlands | Echinogalerus transversus, Coenholectypus macrostomus (32160) | |
| Danian | Austria | Adelopneustes montainvillensis, Adelopneustes boehmi, Adelopneustes akkajensis (47930) | |
| Danian | Denmark | Globator ravni (89866) | |
| Danian | Netherlands (Limburg) | Adelopneustes montainvillensis (32170) | |
| Thanetian | Spain (Santander) | Adelopneustes ernsri (157015) | |
| Ypresian | Cote D'Ivoire | Echinogalerus raingeardi (209344) | |