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Tropidostoma dubium

Anomodontia - Cryptodontidae

Taxonomy
Dicynodon dubius was named by Owen (1876). Its type specimen is NHMUK 47051, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Renosterkop, Graaff-Reinet, which is in a Capitanian/Wuchiapingian terrestrial sandstone in South Africa.

It was recombined as Tropidostoma dubium by Kammerer et al. (2011).

Synonyms
  • Dicynodon dunnii was named by Seeley (1889). Its type specimen is NHMUK R866, a partial skull (skull posterior to the parietal foramen), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Tafelberg, which is in a Wuchiapingian terrestrial sandstone in South Africa.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Tropidostoma microtrema by Broom (1915).
  • Dicynodon microtrema was named by Seeley (1889). Its type specimen is BMNH R 868, a partial skull (posterior part of skull incl. occiput), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Tafelberg, which is in a Wuchiapingian terrestrial sandstone in South Africa.

    It was recombined as Tropidostoma microtrema by Broom (1915); it was synonymized subjectively with Tropidostoma dubium by Kammerer et al. (2011).
  • Dicynodon acutirostris was named by Broom (1935). Its type specimen is TM 250, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Leeukloof, which is in a Wuchiapingian crevasse splay sandstone/claystone in the Teekloof Formation of South Africa.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Tropidostoma microtrema by Keyser (1973); it was synonymized subjectively with Tropidostoma dubium by Kammerer et al. (2011).
  • Dicynodon cavifrons was named by Broom and Haughton (1917). Its type specimen is SAM-PK-747, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Droogvoets farm, Fraserburg, Lower Beaufort, which is in a Wuchiapingian lacustrine shale in South Africa.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Tropidostoma microtrema by Keyser (1973).
  • Dicynodon rogersi was named by Broom and Haughton (1917). Its type specimen is SAM-PK-2356, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is The Kloof, which is in a Wuchiapingian terrestrial sandstone/claystone in the Teekloof Formation of South Africa.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Tropidostoma microtrema by Keyser (1973).
  • Dicynodon validus was named by Broom (1935). Its type specimen is TM 252, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Leeukloof, which is in a Wuchiapingian crevasse splay sandstone/claystone in the Teekloof Formation of South Africa.

    It was synonymized subjectively with Tropidostoma microtrema by Keyser (1973).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1876Dicynodon dubius Owen
1889Dicynodon microtrema Seeley p. 228 figs. Pl. 11
1889Dicynodon dunnii Seeley p. 232 figs. Pl. 12
1915Tropidostoma microtrema Broom
1917Dicynodon cavifrons Broom and Haughton
1917Dicynodon rogersi Broom and Haughton
1935Dicynodon validus Broom
1935Dicynodon acutirostris Broom p. 71
2011Tropidostoma dubium Kammerer et al. p. 27,28

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Eugnathostomata
—Teleostomi(Bonaparte 1836)
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
RankNameAuthor
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
orderAnomodontiaOwen 1859
familyCryptodontidae()
—Oudenodontidae()
genusTropidostoma
speciesdubium()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Tropidostoma dubium Owen 1876
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Invalid names: Tropidostoma microtrema Seeley 1889 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialuc
Locomotion: actively mobilep
Diet: herbivoreg
Created: 2009-01-03 20:48:19
Modified: 2009-01-03 22:48:19
Source: g = genus, subp = subphylum, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade
References: Carroll 1988, Benton 1983, Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Capitanian to the top of the Wuchiapingian or 264.28000 to 254.14000 Ma

Collections (9 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Capitanian264.28 - 259.51South Africa (Northern Cape) Tropidostoma dubium (176246)
Capitanian - Wuchiapingian264.28 - 254.14South Africa (Eastern Cape) Dicynodon dubius (type locality: 174422)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14South Africa (Northern Cape) Dicynodon cavifrons (131112)
Wuchiapingian259.51 - 254.14South Africa (Western Cape) Dicynodon dunnii, Dicynodon microtrema (174454) Dicynodon rogersi (174392) Tropidostoma microtrema (86276 86298 86300) Tropidostoma microtrema, Dicynodon acutirostris, Dicynodon validus (22661)