Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Pugnellinae

Gastropoda - Aporrhaidae

Taxonomy
Pugnellidae was named by Kiel and Bandel (1999).

It was reranked as the subfamily Pugnellinae by Kollmann (2009).

It was assigned to Stromboidea by Bouchet et al. (2005); and to Aporrhaidae by Kollmann (2009).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1999Pugnellidae Kiel and Bandel
2005Pugnellidae Bouchet et al. p. 253
2009Pugnellinae Kollmann p. 54

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classGastropoda
RankNameAuthor
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
—Sorbeoconcha(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
—Hypsogastropoda(Ponder and Lindberg 1997)
superorderLatrogastropodaRiedel 2000
superfamilyStromboidea(Rafinesque 1815)
familyAporrhaidaeGray 1850
subfamilyPugnellinae(Kiel and Bandel 1999)
subfamilyPugnellinae(Kiel and Bandel 1999)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. †Pugnellinae Kiel and Bandel 1999
show all | hide all
G. †Bizarrus Kiel and Bandel 1999
hide
†Bizarrus abnormalis Wade 1926
+
Invalid names: Pugnellus levis Stephenson 1927 [synonym]
†Bizarrus dietrichi Riedel 1933
†Bizarrus incertus Riedel 1933
G. †Gymnarus Gabb 1869
hide
†Gymnarus fraasi Riedel 1933
†Gymnarus manubriatus Gabb 1864
G. †Lispodesthes White 1877
hide
†Lispodesthes magnifica Böhm 1891
†Lispodesthes rotundatus Waring 1917
†Lispodesthes zekelii Guembel 1861
G. †Perustrombus Olsson 1934
G. †Pugnellus Conrad 1860
hide
Subg. †Pugnellus (Pugnellus) Conrad 1860
+
+
Invalid names: Pugnellus pauciplicatus Stephenson 1923 [synonym], Pugnellus typicus Gabb 1876 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Pugnellus robustus Stephenson 1941 [synonym]
†Pugnellus hauthali Wilckens 1907
G. †Pyktes Popenoe 1983
hide
†Pyktes aspris Popenoe 1983
†Pyktes daiphron Popenoe 1983
†Pyktes hamulus Gabb 1864
†Pyktes triphyllon Popenoe 1983
G. †Tephlon Popenoe 1983
hide
†Tephlon tumidus Gabb 1860
G. †Torgnellus Olsson 1934
G. †Tundora Stephenson 1941
hide
†Tundora tuberculata Stephenson 1941
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
H. A. Kollmann 2009Spire low, outer lip large and reinforced, often with horn-like extension. Callus commonly spread over large parts of the shell (pl. 2, figs. 6, 7).
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: slow-movingf
Life habit: semi-infaunalf
Diet: detritivoref
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2009-05-20 05:55:58
Modified: 2009-10-09 22:54:17
Source: f = family, c = class
Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range: base of the Middle Cenomanian to the top of the Early/Lower Maastrichtian or 100.50000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (198 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (California) Pugnellus manubriatus (167601)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Texas) Lispodesthes lirata (2120 2122) Lispodesthes panda (6639 6641) Lispodesthes patula (4639 4641 4643 4648 6548 6565 6566 6599 6603 6604 6611 6614 6632)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Mozambique Pugnellus crassicostatus (174799)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0Argentina (San Luis) Pugnellus hauthali (235482)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (California) Conchothyra rotunda (237460) Pugnellus rotundus (193034)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (New Mexico) Pugnellus sp. (200337)
Early/Lower Turonian - Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (California) Gymnarus manubriatus (220373)
Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (California) Gymnarus manubriatus (222117 222118 222119 239775) Pugnellus manubriatus (221084) Pugnellus manubriatus, Pyktes daiphron (215287) Pyktes daiphron (215284)
Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (California) Pugnellus manubriatus (44212)
Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Arizona) Pyktes fusiformis (53504 53511)
Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (New Mexico) Pugnellus fusiformis (88811)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (California) Gymnarus manubriatus (62347 86785 86788 86791 207521 215285 215618 215755 219080 219081 220297 220298 220299 222073 222077 222082 222085 222092 222093 222094 222097 222098 222105) Pugnellus hamulus (44213) Pugnellus manubriatus (44218 220375 220934)
Coniacian89.8 - 85.7Cameroon Pugnellus dietrichi, Pugnellus fraasi, Pugnellus incertus (177976) Pugnellus fraasi (209692)
Coniacian89.8 - 85.7USA (California) Pugnellus hamulus (44232) Pugnellus rotundus (44267) Pyktes aspris (86783 215289)
Late/Upper Coniacian89.8 - 85.7USA (California) Pyktes aspris (203585 220408)
Early/Lower Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (California) Pyktes triphyllon (215293)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6USA (California) Pyktes triphyllon (215292)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (North Carolina) Pugnellus sp. (7611)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Mozambique Pugnellus sp. (174826)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Delaware) Tundora tuberculata (6130 6132 6133)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Cameroon Pugnellus bilobatus, Pugnellus fraasi, Pugnellus incertus (94776) Pugnellus bilobatus, Pugnellus incertus (209676)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Mississippi) Lispodesthes amplus, Tundora tuberculata, Gymnarus abnormalis (7456) Tundora tuberculata (6660 7458 32142)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (California) Lispodesthes rotundus (1513 1515 1516 1526 1534 1540 1545 1552 72057)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Tennessee) Pugnellus abnormalis (88357)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Germany Lispodesthes magnifica (221859)
Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (California) Lispodesthes rotundatus (144778) Lispodesthes rotundus (144763 144764)
Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Texas) Pugnellus sp. (7466 7467)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (California) Lispodesthes rotundus (1533)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Pugnellus abnormalis, Pugnellus densatus (7515)
Middle Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (California) Lispodesthes rotundus (40731)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Georgia) Pugnellus goldmani (4279) Pugnellus sp., Pugnellus goldmani (4277)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Pugnellus densatus (4238 4249 4254) Pugnellus sp. (4240 4256 4261 4264 4271 4273 4286) Pugnellus sp., Pugnellus densatus, Pugnellus goldmani (4247)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Pugnellus abnormalis (4100 7479) Pugnellus abnormalis, Pugnellus goldmani, Pugnellus densatus (7586 7602) Pugnellus densatus (4111 7476 7487 7591 7592) Pugnellus goldmani, Pugnellus densatus (7473 7590)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Germany Lispodesthes magnifica, Lispodesthes zekelii (213668)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Mexico (Guerrero) Pugnellus densatus (7461)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Chile (Concepción) Tephlon tumidus (132360)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Pugnellus densatus (4182 4216 4233) Pugnellus sp. (4178 4180 4186 4193 4202 4205 4214 4225)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Pugnellus densatus (4117 4124 4125 4126) Pugnellus densatus, Pugnellus goldmani (4127) Pugnellus sp. (4137 4142 4143 4147 4150 4151 4156 4158 4160)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (North Carolina) Pugnellus sp. (4363)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Maryland) Pugnellus densatus (4369)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Texas) Pugnellus goldmani (4632) Pugnellus sp. (4395 4399 4403 4404 4413 4414 4416 4488 4516)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Pugnellus densatus, Pugnellus goldmani (4121)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Iran Pugnellus sp. (87113)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Argentina (Chubut) Pugnellus hauthali (74121) Pugnellus sp. (231707)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Pugnellus abnormalis, Pugnellus densatus (7600) Pugnellus densatus (7486 7506) Pugnellus goldmani, Pugnellus densatus (7601 7605)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Pugnellus densatus (4258)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Gymnarus abnormalis (205445)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Mexico (Guerrero) Lispodesthes lilipus, Torgnellus sp. (177609)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Peru Perustrombus wheeleri (177977)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Texas) Pugnellus goldmani (4620 4633 4636) Pugnellus robustus (205446) Pugnellus sp. (4625) Tundora sp. (205449) Tundora tuberculata (7570)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (California) Pugnellus hamulus (83791 83793) Pyktes hamulus (176785 185468 185492 185494 185509 185705 185706 215290 215291) Pyktes sp. (185758)