Ixalerpeton polesinensis was named by Cabreira et al. (2016). Its type specimen is ULBRA-PVT059, a partial skeleton (Partially articulated skeleton including skull roof, braincase, 23 pre-sacral, two sacral, and nine tail vertebrae, right scapula, left humerus, paired pelvic g), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Buriol, which is in a Carnian terrestrial horizon in the Santa Maria Formation of Brazil.