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Ptycholepis
Taxonomy
Ptycholepis was named by Agassiz (1832) [Sepkoski's age data: Tr Ladi-l J Toar-l Sepkoski's reference number: 452,863]. Its type is Ptycholepis bollensis. It is the type genus of Ptycholepididae.
It was assigned to Eugnathidae by Woodward (1895); to Isopholidae by Hay (1902); to Ptycholepididae by Schaeffer et al. (1975) and Cartanyà (1999); to Ptycholepiformes by Sepkoski (2002); to Acrolepidae by Delsate et al. (2002); and to Ptycholepidae by Gardiner (1960), Wenz (1967) and Tintori et al. (2016).
It was assigned to Eugnathidae by Woodward (1895); to Isopholidae by Hay (1902); to Ptycholepididae by Schaeffer et al. (1975) and Cartanyà (1999); to Ptycholepiformes by Sepkoski (2002); to Acrolepidae by Delsate et al. (2002); and to Ptycholepidae by Gardiner (1960), Wenz (1967) and Tintori et al. (2016).
Species
P. avus, P. barboi, P. barrati, P. bollensis (type species), P. curtus, P. gracilis, P. magnus, P. marshii, P. minor, P. monilifer, P. priscus, P. schaefferi, P. tenuisquamata, P. viai
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1832 | Ptycholepis Agassiz p. 142 |
| 1895 | Ptycholepis Woodward p. 316 |
| 1902 | Ptycholepis Hay p. 378 |
| 1960 | Ptycholepis Gardiner p. 261 |
| 1967 | Ptycholepis Wenz p. 26 |
| 1975 | Ptycholepis Schaeffer et al. p. 207 |
| 1999 | Ptycholepis Cartanyà p. 540 |
| 2002 | Ptycholepis Delsate et al. p. 37 |
| 2002 | Ptycholepis Sepkoski |
| 2016 | Ptycholepis Tintori et al. p. 187 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Ptycholepis Agassiz 1832
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†Ptycholepis avus Kner 1866
†Ptycholepis barboi Bassani 1886
†Ptycholepis barrati Sauvage 1875
†Ptycholepis bollensis Agassiz 1832
†Ptycholepis curtus Egerton 1854
†Ptycholepis gracilis Davis 1884
†Ptycholepis magnus Bürgin 1992
†Ptycholepis marshii Newberry 1878
†Ptycholepis minor Egerton 1852
†Ptycholepis monilifer Woodward 1895
†Ptycholepis priscus Bürgin 1992
†Ptycholepis schaefferi Bürgin 1992
†Ptycholepis tenuisquamata Kner 1867
†Ptycholepis viai Beltan 1972
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| B. Schaeffer et al. 1975 | Body elegantly to deeply fusiform; snout with nasals separated by postrostral bone; paired rostropremaxillae in subrostral position, meeting in midline; maxilla with slight postorbital expansion in articulation with preopercular; nasal and dermosphenotic in contact above orbit; suborbitals (known in three species) numerous (8-20), narrow, and overlapping anterior border of preopercular; preopercular nearly vertical, broadest at contact with maxilla; suspensorium nearly vertical; antopercular present; interopercular absent; four to six branchiostegals, uppermost twice as wide as others; coronoid process absent; marginal teeth on maxilla and dentary small, uniform and acuminate; origin of dorsal fin about midway between snout and caudal peduncle; rays of dorsal and anal fins completely segmented; rays of paired fins segmented only distally; only dorsal rays not bifurcated; caudal fin robust, hemiheterocercal, equilobate and moderately cleft; all fins (including both lobes of caudal) with fulcra; scales rhomboidal behind shoulder girdle, elsewhere much longer than deep, with ganoine arranged in low, longitudinal ridges, frequently anastomosing; posterior borders of scales notched. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range: base of the Bithynian to the top of the Berriasian or 247.20000 to 139.80000 Ma
Collections (42 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bithynian | USA (Nevada) | P. sp. (93564) | |
| Illyrian | Switzerland | P. barboi (117994 122059 122062) P. barboi, P. priscus, P. schaefferi (122058) P. barboi, P. priscus, P. schaefferi, P. magnus (122060) P. barboi, P. schaefferi, P. magnus (98104) P. magnus (122063) | |
| Illyrian | Italy | P. barboi (122061 122150 149323) | |
| Pelsonian | Italy | P. barboi (154334) | |
| Illyrian - Fassanian | Switzerland | P. barboi, P. priscus, P. schaefferi (122057) | |
| Ladinian | Spain | Perleidus viai (149852) P. barboi (148734 148735 148738 148739) | |
| Longobardian | Spain (Tarragona) | Perleidus viai (109710) | |
| Julian | Italy | P. avus (122164 122361) P. tenuisquamata (153363) | |
| Norian | USA (New Mexico) | P. sp. (57071) | |
| Norian | USA (Virginia) | P. marshi (224089) | |
| Hettangian | USA (Virginia) | P. sp. (107637) | |
| Hettangian | USA (Connecticut) | P. marshi (47198 224079) | |
| Liasicus | Belgium (Luxembourg) | P. sp. (40087) | |
| Planorbis | United Kingdom (England) | P. minor (122157) | |
| Planorbis | United Kingdom | P. minor (131892) | |
| Sinemurian | USA (New Jersey) | P. marshi (187288) | |
| Sinemurian | United Kingdom (England) | P. gracilis, P. curtus (122154 122155) P. monilifer, P. gracilis, P. curtus (122153) | |
| Early/Lower Toarcian | France | P. bollensis (122733 122735) | |
| Falciferum | France | P. barrati (122734) | |
| Toarcian | United Kingdom (England) | P. bollensis (122167 122372 122373) | |
| Late/Upper Bathonian | Russian Federation (Moskva) | P. sp. (52961) | |
| Tithonian - Berriasian | Thailand (Kalasin) | P. sp. (48872) |