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Darwinuloidea

Ostracoda - Podocopida

Taxonomy
Darwinuloidea was named by Brady and Norman (1889). It is extant. Its type is Darwinulidae.

It was assigned to Darwinulocopina by Rosetti and Martens (1998); to Podocopina by Brady and Norman (1889), Ballent et al. (2011); and to Darwinulocopina by Liebau (2005), Carignano (2012).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1889Darwinuloidea Brady and Norman
1998Darwinuloidea Rosetti and Martens p. 56
2005Darwinuloidea Liebau
2011Darwinuloidea Ballent et al.
2012Darwinuloidea Carignano

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
—Deuteropoda
—Mandibulata
RankNameAuthor
—PancrustaceaZrzavý and Štys 1997
—Hymenostraca(Rolfe 1969)
superclassOligostracaZrzavý et al. 1997
classOstracoda
subclassPodocopaSars 1865
orderPodocopidaSars 1866
suborderDarwinulocopina(Sohn 1988)
superfamilyDarwinuloideaBrady and Norman 1889
superfamilyDarwinuloideaBrady and Norman 1889

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Superfm. Darwinuloidea Brady and Norman 1889
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Fm. Darwinulidae Brady and Norman 1889
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G. Alicenula Rosetti and Martens 1998
+
Alicenula inversa Martens and Rossetti 1997
G. Darwinula Brady and Robertson 1885
+
†Darwinula contracta Mandelstam 1955
†Darwinula kwangoensis Grekoff 1957
Darwinula stevensoni Brady and Robertson 1870
+
Invalid names: Argilloecia aurea Brady and Robertson 1870 [synonym], Darwinula protracta Rome 1953 [synonym], Darwinula sphenoides Rome 1977 [synonym], Darwinula variabilis Tagliasacchi 1968 [synonym]
Invalid names: Darwinella Brady and Robertson 1872 [synonym], Polycheles Brady and Robertson 1870 [synonym]
G. Microdarwinula Danielopol 1968
+
G. Penthesilenula Rosetti and Martens 1998
+
Penthesilenula aotearoa Rossetti et al. 1998
Penthesilenula brasiliensis Pinto and Kotzian 1961
+
Invalid names: Darwinula dicastrii Loffler 1966 [synonym]
Penthesilenula incae Delachaux 1928
Penthesilenula kohanga Rossetti et al. 1998
Penthesilenula repoa Chapman 1963
G. Vestalenula Rosetti and Martens 1998
+
Vestalenula boteai Danielopol 1970
Vestalenula danielopoli Martens et al. 1997
Vestalenula daps Harding 1962
Vestalenula lundi Neale and Victor 1978
Vestalenula molopoensis Martens and Rossetti 1997
Vestalenula pagliolii Pinto and Kotzian 1961
Invalid names: Microdarwinulidae Kashevarova and Neustrueva 1982 [synonym]
Invalid names: Suchonellidae Mischina 1972 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitec
Environment: freshwatersuperf
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: detritivoreo
Diet 2: grazero
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2017-04-17 09:58:30
Modified: 2017-04-17 09:58:30
Source: superf = superfamily, o = order, c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Jell and Adrain 2002, Bush and Bambach 2015

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Virgilian to the top of the Holocene or 303.70000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 298.9 Ma

Collections (59 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Virgilian303.7 - 298.9USA (New Mexico) Darwinula sp. (216991 216992 216993 216994)
Vyatkian259.51 - 256.8Russian Federation (Vladimir) Darwinula sima, Darwinula accuminata, Darwinula regia, Darwinula abscondita (86346)
Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian259.51 - 251.902China (Junggar) Darwinula longissima (232539)
Induan251.902 - 249.9Russian Federation (Nizhegorod) Darwinula fragilis, Darwinula oblonga, Darwinula triassica, Darwinula mera, Darwinula cara, Darwinula indemnish (28396)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3USA (Virginia) Darwinula sp. (39159 227825)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3USA (North Carolina) Darwinulidae indet. (227824)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 205.7Poland (Opole) Darwinula sp. (61448)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 205.7USA (North Carolina) Darwinula spp. (89149)
Late/Upper Triassic237.0 - 201.4USA (New Mexico) Darwinula sp. (80913)
Norian227.3 - 205.7USA (North Carolina) Darwinula sp. (227823)
Norian227.3 - 205.7USA (New Jersey) Darwinula spp. (227832) Darwinulidae indet. (12856)
Norian227.3 - 205.7USA (Texas) Darwinula sp. (13266)
Norian227.3 - 205.7USA (New Mexico) Darwinula sp. (48516 57071 83737 83740)
Rhaetian205.7 - 201.4USA (New Mexico) Darwinula sp. (48422)
Bajocian170.9 - 168.2Madagascar Darwinula sp. (101703)
Bathonian168.2 - 165.3United Kingdom (Scotland) Darwinula sp. (40705 40710)
Late/Upper Bathonian168.2 - 165.3United Kingdom (England) Darwinula incurva (38479)
Late/Upper Bathonian168.2 - 165.3United Kingdom (Scotland) Darwinula sp. (240034)
Late/Upper Bathonian - Early/Lower Kimmeridgian168.2 - 152.21China (Liaoning) Darwinula sarytirmenensis, Darwinula impudica, Darwinula magna, Darwinula submagna, Darwinula changxinensis, Darwinula xiaofenzhangziensi (92421)
Callovian - Kimmeridgian165.3 - 149.2China (Qinghai) Darwinula sarytirmenensis (68575)
Middle Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Portugal (Leiria) Darwinula sp. (69698)
Late/Upper Jurassic161.5 - 143.1Brazil Darwinula oblonga, Darwinula leguminella, Darwinula sp. (136382)
Kimmeridgian154.8 - 149.2Portugal (Leiria) Darwinula sp. (24563)
Early/Lower Berriasian143.1 - 141.0Poland (Masovian Voivodship) Darwinula leguminella (192534)
Early/Lower Cretaceous143.1 - 100.5China (Liaoning) Darwinula sp. (36973)
Middle Berriasian141.0 - 139.1Poland (Masovian Voivodship) Darwinula leguminella (192535)
Valanginian - Barremian137.05 - 121.4Spain (Biscay) Darwinula leguminella (144740)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2China (Liaoning) Darwinula contracta (36972)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Mongolia (Govi-Altai) Darwinula contracta (136203)
Albian113.2 - 100.5Argentina Darwinula sp. (22710)
Early/Lower Albian - Late/Upper Albian113.2 - 100.5Argentina (Santa Cruz) Alicenula sp. (232098)
Early/Lower Coniacian89.8 - 85.7Austria (Upper Austria) Darwinula sp. (224482)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0India (Madhya Pradesh) Darwinula sp. (226125)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Türkiye (Yalova) Darwinula stevensoni, Vestalenula cylindrica (184470)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Croatia Darwinula stevensoni (68219 68221 68265 68266)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8Kenya Darwinula stevensoni (21401 21418 21426)
Gelasian - Calabrian2.58 - 0.774Kenya Darwinula stevensoni (21421 21462 22342)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Congo-Kinshasa Darwinula stevensoni (22127)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Kenya Darwinula stevensoni (21368)
Rancholabrean0.21 - 0.014Mexico (Sonora) Darwinula sp. (20495)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Kenya (Nak-Elment.Basin) Darwinula stevensoni (22502)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Kenya Darwinula stevensoni (21427 21437)