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Turdus merula (common blackbird)

Osteichthyes - Passeriformes - Turdidae

Taxonomy
Turdus merula was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant.

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
T. aurantius, T. jamaicensis, T. merulaltorquatus

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Turdus merula Linnaeus
1927Turdus merula Boule and De Villeneuve p. 85
1997Turdus merula Worthy p. 108
2002Turdus merula Mlikovsky p. 241
2013Turdus merula Bedetti and Pavia p. 43
2017Turdus merula Clements et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
—Sauropsida
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
—Romeriida
—Diapsida()
—Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
—Crocopoda
RankNameAuthor
—ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
—Eucrocopoda
—Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
—Ornithodira
—Dinosauromorpha
—Dinosauriformes
—Dinosauria()
—Saurischia()
—Theropoda()
—Neotheropoda
—AverostraPaul 2002
—Tetanurae
—Coelurosauria()
—Maniraptora
—Paraves
classAves
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
—Neognathae(Pycraft 1900)
orderPasseriformesLinnaeus 1758
familyTurdidaeRafinesque 1815
genusTurdus
speciesmerula

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Turdus merula Linnaeus 1758 [common blackbird]
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: hydroxyapatiteo
Entire body: yeso
Adult length: 10 to < 100o
Adult width: 1.0 to < 10o
Adult height: 1.0 to < 10o
Architecture: compact or denseo
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partso
Grouping: solitaryo
Environment: terrestrialsubf
Locomotion: actively mobileo
Life habit: volantsubf
Diet: insectivoresubf
Diet 2: frugivoresubf
Reproduction: oviparouso
Dispersal: direct/internalo
Dispersal 2: mobileo
Created: 2009-01-03 16:42:49
Modified: 2009-01-03 18:42:49
Source: subf = subfamily, o = order
References: Kiessling 2004, Naka 2004, Marsh 1875

Age range: base of the Calabrian to the top of the Holocene or 1.80000 to 0.00000 Ma

Collections (21 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pliocene - Pleistocene5.333 - 0.0117France (Midi-Pyrenees) Turdus merula (35076)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117United Kingdom Turdus merula (124960)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117United Kingdom (England) Turdus merula (125445)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Spain (Castilla-Leon) Turdus merula (34870)
Calabrian1.8 - 0.774Italy Turdus merula (197789 197790)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129United Kingdom (Norfolk) Turdus merula (49816)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Monaco Turdus merula (191730)
Middle Pleistocene - Holocene0.774 - 0.0United Kingdom Turdus merula (197163)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom Turdus merula (124956 125437)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Portugal Turdus merula (197768)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom (Wales) Turdus merula (124954)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Spain Turdus merula (194944)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117United Kingdom (England) Turdus merula (125321)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Greece (Dodecanese) Turdus merula (182809)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Romania Turdus merula (197948)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0New Zealand (South Island) Turdus merula (215380 215392)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0France (Corse) Turdus merula (215376)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Portugal (Leiria) Turdus merula (275782)