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Hardella
Taxonomy
Hardella was named by Gray (1870). It is extant.
It was assigned to Testudinidae by Lydekker (1889); to Batagurinae by Ernst and Barbour (1989); to Emydidae by Carroll (1988), Frank and Ramus (1996); to Geoemydinae by van Dijk et al. (2014); and to Palatochelydia by Garbin et al. (2020).
It was assigned to Testudinidae by Lydekker (1889); to Batagurinae by Ernst and Barbour (1989); to Emydidae by Carroll (1988), Frank and Ramus (1996); to Geoemydinae by van Dijk et al. (2014); and to Palatochelydia by Garbin et al. (2020).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1870 | Hardella Gray |
| 1889 | Hardella Lydekker pp. 119-120 |
| 1988 | Hardella Carroll |
| 1989 | Hardella Ernst and Barbour |
| 1996 | Hardella Frank and Ramus |
| 2014 | Hardella van Dijk et al. |
| 2020 | Hardella Garbin et al. p. 25 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Hardella Gray 1870
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†Hardella siamensis Claude et al. 2007
Hardella thurjii Gray 1831
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Invalid names: Batagur falconeri Lydekker 1885 [synonym], Clemmys watsoni Lydekker 1886 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| R. Garbin et al. 2020 | Hardella thurjii can be differentiated from other geoemydids by large carapace size (up to 60 cm in females), presence of hexagonal, nearly square second to fourth vertebrals, a first vertebral scute that is wider posteriorly, presence of an inflection at the margin of the gulohumeral sulcus, and an entoplastron that is not intersected by the humeropectoral sulcus. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Kiessling 2004, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Uetz 2005 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Eocene to the top of the Late/Upper Pliocene or 37.71000 to 2.58000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma
Collections (5 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Eocene | Thailand | H. siamensis (13127) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | India (Gujarat) | Clemmys watsoni (87489) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | India | H. thurjii (224301) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Pakistan | H. thurjii (224302) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene - Early/Lower Pleistocene | Pakistan | H. thurjii, Batagur falconeri (92070) |