Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Ornithomimidae (ornithomimid)
Taxonomy
Ornithomimidae was named by Marsh (1890). It was considered monophyletic by Currie (2000).
It was assigned to Ornithopoda by Cannon (1890) and Marsh (1890); to Ornithopoda by Zittel (1890); to Iguanodontia by Baur (1891); to Ceratosauria by Marsh (1895) and Marsh (1896); to Ornithopoda by Van Den Broeck (1900); to Goniopoda by Matthew and Brown (1922); to Megalosauroidae by Hay (1930); to Dinosauria by Rapp (1944); to Coelurosauria by Kuhn (1946) and Parsch (1963); to Coeluria by Kuhn (1966); to Coeluroidea by Tatarinov (1964) and Maleev (1968); to Coelurosauria by Huene (1929), Roxo (1937), Romer (1966), Charig (1967), Reig (1970), Bonaparte (1978), Baird and Horner (1979) and Bonaparte (1980); to Theropoda by Hay (1902), Lambe (1905), Matthew (1915), Miller (1967), Russell (1972), Langston (1974), Coulton (1976), McIntosh (1981) and Thulborn (1984); to Dinoaves by Bakker (1986); to Theropoda by Marsh (1892), Russell (1930) and Carroll (1988); to Protoavia by Paul (1988); to Coelurosauria by Huene (1920), Huene (1923), Lull (1924), Huene (1926), Huene (1927), Parks (1928), Huene (1929), Huene (1933), Stromer (1934), Huene (1948), Romer (1956), Estes (1964), Colbert (1964), Colbert and Russell (1969), Steel (1970), Swinton (1970), Osmólska et al. (1972), Ostrom (1980), Santafé et al. (1982) and Dong (1992); to Oviraptorosauria by Russell and Dong (1994); to Bullatosauria by Holtz and Padian (1995); to Coelurosauria by Gauthier and Padian (1985), Gauthier (1986), Gauthier et al. (1989), Novas (1992), Sereno et al. (1994), Currie (1995) and Sereno (1997); to Ornithomimoidea by Sereno (1999); to Theropoda by Parks (1935), Molnar (1992) and Eberth et al. (2001); to Ornithomimosauria by Barsbold (1976), Barsbold (1977), Barsbold (1981), Barsbold (1983), Russell (1984), Barsbold (1988), Chatterjee (1993), Sereno (1998), Holtz (1998), Holtz (2000), Currie (2000), Rauhut (2003), Kobayashi and Barsbold (2003), Makovicky et al. (2004), Kobayashi and Barsbold (2005), Kobayashi and Barsbold (2006), Buffetaut et al. (2009), Makovicky et al. (2010), Xu et al. (2011) and Alifanov and Saveliev (2015); and to Ornithomimosauria by Currie (1997), Hutchinson and Padian (1997), Lee et al. (2014), McFeeters et al. (2016), Claessens and Loewen (2016) and Hattori et al. (2023).
It was assigned to Ornithopoda by Cannon (1890) and Marsh (1890); to Ornithopoda by Zittel (1890); to Iguanodontia by Baur (1891); to Ceratosauria by Marsh (1895) and Marsh (1896); to Ornithopoda by Van Den Broeck (1900); to Goniopoda by Matthew and Brown (1922); to Megalosauroidae by Hay (1930); to Dinosauria by Rapp (1944); to Coelurosauria by Kuhn (1946) and Parsch (1963); to Coeluria by Kuhn (1966); to Coeluroidea by Tatarinov (1964) and Maleev (1968); to Coelurosauria by Huene (1929), Roxo (1937), Romer (1966), Charig (1967), Reig (1970), Bonaparte (1978), Baird and Horner (1979) and Bonaparte (1980); to Theropoda by Hay (1902), Lambe (1905), Matthew (1915), Miller (1967), Russell (1972), Langston (1974), Coulton (1976), McIntosh (1981) and Thulborn (1984); to Dinoaves by Bakker (1986); to Theropoda by Marsh (1892), Russell (1930) and Carroll (1988); to Protoavia by Paul (1988); to Coelurosauria by Huene (1920), Huene (1923), Lull (1924), Huene (1926), Huene (1927), Parks (1928), Huene (1929), Huene (1933), Stromer (1934), Huene (1948), Romer (1956), Estes (1964), Colbert (1964), Colbert and Russell (1969), Steel (1970), Swinton (1970), Osmólska et al. (1972), Ostrom (1980), Santafé et al. (1982) and Dong (1992); to Oviraptorosauria by Russell and Dong (1994); to Bullatosauria by Holtz and Padian (1995); to Coelurosauria by Gauthier and Padian (1985), Gauthier (1986), Gauthier et al. (1989), Novas (1992), Sereno et al. (1994), Currie (1995) and Sereno (1997); to Ornithomimoidea by Sereno (1999); to Theropoda by Parks (1935), Molnar (1992) and Eberth et al. (2001); to Ornithomimosauria by Barsbold (1976), Barsbold (1977), Barsbold (1981), Barsbold (1983), Russell (1984), Barsbold (1988), Chatterjee (1993), Sereno (1998), Holtz (1998), Holtz (2000), Currie (2000), Rauhut (2003), Kobayashi and Barsbold (2003), Makovicky et al. (2004), Kobayashi and Barsbold (2005), Kobayashi and Barsbold (2006), Buffetaut et al. (2009), Makovicky et al. (2010), Xu et al. (2011) and Alifanov and Saveliev (2015); and to Ornithomimosauria by Currie (1997), Hutchinson and Padian (1997), Lee et al. (2014), McFeeters et al. (2016), Claessens and Loewen (2016) and Hattori et al. (2023).
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1890 | Ornithomimidae Cannon p. 253 |
1890 | Ornithomimidae Marsh p. 85 |
1890 | Ornithomimidae Zittel p. 766 |
1891 | Ornithomimidae Baur p. 450 |
1892 | Ornithomimidae Marsh |
1895 | Ornithomimidae Marsh |
1896 | Ornithomimidae Marsh p. 240 |
1900 | Ornithomimidae Van Den Broeck p. 80ff |
1902 | Ornithomimidae Hay p. 494 |
1905 | Ornithomimidae Lambe p. 48 |
1915 | Ornithomimidae Matthew p. 32 |
1920 | Ornithomimidae Huene p. 162 |
1922 | Ornithomimidae Matthew and Brown p. 378 |
1923 | Ornithomimidae Huene p. 456 fig. 3 |
1924 | Ornithomimidae Lull p. 232 |
1926 | Ornithomimidae Huene p. 98 |
1927 | Ornithomimidae Huene p. 256 |
1928 | Ornithomimidae Parks p. 3 |
1929 | Ornithomimidae Huene p. 155 |
1930 | Ornithomimidae Hay p. 181 |
1930 | Ornithomimidae Russell p. 136 |
1933 | Ornithomimidae Huene p. 64 |
1934 | Ornithomimidae Stromer p. 80 |
1935 | Ornithomimidae Parks p. 195 |
1937 | Ornithomimidae Roxo p. 65 |
1944 | Ornithomimidae Rapp p. 287 |
1946 | Ornithomimidae Kuhn p. 65 |
1948 | Ornithomimidae Huene p. 89 |
1956 | Ornithomimidae Romer p. 612 |
1963 | Ornithomimidae Parsch p. 4 |
1964 | Ornithomimidae Colbert p. 21 fig. 6 |
1964 | Ornithomimidae Estes p. 143 |
1964 | Ornithomimidae Tatarinov p. 533 |
1966 | Ornithomimidae Kuhn p. 93 |
1966 | Ornithomimidae Romer p. 369 |
1967 | Ornithomimidae Charig p. 714 |
1967 | Ornithomimidae Miller p. 232 |
1968 | Ornithomomidae Maleev p. 95 |
1969 | Ornithomimidae Colbert and Russell p. 45 |
1970 | Ornithomimidae Reig p. 279 |
1970 | Ornithomimidae Steel p. 17 |
1970 | Ornithomimidae Swinton p. 131 |
1972 | Ornithomimidae Osmólska et al. p. 105 |
1972 | Ornithomimidae Russell p. 377 |
1974 | Ornithomimidae Langston p. 82 |
1976 | Ornithomimidae Barsbold p. 74 |
1976 | Ornithomimidae Coulton p. 177 |
1977 | Ornithomimidae Barsbold p. 50 |
1978 | Ornithomimidae Bonaparte p. 321–322 |
1979 | Ornithomimidae Baird and Horner p. 9 |
1980 | Ornithomimidae Bonaparte p. 82 |
1980 | Ornithomimidae Ostrom p. 21 |
1981 | Ornithomimidae Barsbold |
1981 | Ornithomimidae McIntosh p. 11 |
1982 | Ornithomimidae Santafé et al. p. 82 |
1983 | Ornithomimidae Barsbold p. 97 |
1984 | Ornithomimidae Russell p. 28 |
1984 | Ornithomimidae Thulborn p. 132 |
1985 | Ornithomimidae Gauthier and Padian p. 190 fig. 2 |
1986 | Ornithomimidae Bakker p. 460 |
1986 | Ornithomimidae Gauthier p. 55 fig. 9 |
1988 | Ornithomimidae Barsbold p. 124 |
1988 | Ornithomimidae Carroll |
1988 | Ornithomimidae Paul p. 382 |
1989 | Ornithomimidae Gauthier et al. p. 348 |
1992 | Ornithomimidae Dong p. 164 |
1992 | Ornithomimidae Molnar p. 266 |
1992 | Ornithomimidae Novas p. 147 |
1993 | Ornithomimidae Chatterjee p. 282 |
1994 | Ornithomimidae Russell and Dong p. 2125 |
1994 | Ornithomimidae Sereno et al. p. 270 |
1995 | Ornithomimidae Currie p. 25A |
1995 | Ornithomimidae Holtz, Jr. and Padian p. 35A |
1997 | Ornithomimidae Currie p. 733 |
1997 | Ornithomimidae Hutchinson and Padian p. 129 |
1997 | Ornithomimidae Sereno p. 457 |
1998 | Ornithomimidae Holtz, Jr. p. 40 |
1998 | Ornithomimidae Sereno p. 65 |
1999 | Ornithomimidae Sereno p. 2139 fig. 2 |
2000 | Ornithomimidae Currie p. 445 |
2000 | Ornithomimidae Holtz, Jr. p. 13 fig. 5 |
2001 | Ornithomimidae Eberth et al. p. 56 |
2003 | Ornithomimidae Kobayashi and Barsbold p. 68A |
2003 | Ornithomimidae Rauhut p. 38 |
2004 | Ornithomimidae Makovicky et al. p. 138 |
2005 | Ornithomimidae Kobayashi and Barsbold p. 119 fig. 6.11 |
2006 | Ornithomimidae Kobayashi and Barsbold p. 203 |
2009 | Ornithomimidae Buffetaut et al. pp. 238-239 |
2010 | Ornithomimidae Makovicky et al. |
2011 | Ornithomimidae Xu et al. p. 220 fig. 9 |
2014 | Ornithomimidae Lee et al. p. 259 |
2015 | Ornithomimidae Alifanov and Saveliev p. 640 |
2016 | Ornithomimidae Claessens and Loewen p. 1 |
2016 | Ornithomimidae McFeeters et al. |
2023 | Ornithomimidae Hattori et al. p. 12 fig. 9 |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Ornithomimidae Marsh 1890 [ornithomimid]
show all | hide all
G. †Archaeornithomimus Russell 1972
+
†Archaeornithomimus asiaticus Gilmore 1933
†Archaeornithomimus bissektensis Nessov 1995
G. †Ornithomimidorum Huene 1926
G. †Ornithomimus Marsh 1890
+
†Ornithomimus edmontonicus Sternberg 1933
+
Invalid names: Struthiomimus currellii Parks 1933 [synonym], Struthiomimus ingens Parks 1933 [synonym], Struthiomimus samueli Parks 1928 [synonym]
†Ornithomimus minutus Marsh 1892
†Ornithomimus tenuis Marsh 1890
†Ornithomimus velox Marsh 1890
Invalid names: Ornithomimus sedens Marsh 1892 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Deinocheirinae Paul 1988 [empty], Garudimiminae Paul 1988 [empty], Ornithomiminae Nopcsa 1923 [empty]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
---|---|---|
K. A. v. Zittel 1890 | Schädel unbekannt. Vorderbeine kurz. Hand dreizehig. Hinterbeine sehr lang. Astragalus mit langem, aufsteigendem Fortsatz. Von den drei funktionirenden Metatarsalia ist das mittlere (III) proximal verschmälert und durch die verdickten Gelenkenden der beiden anderen ganz nach hinten gedrängt. | |
R. S. Lull 1924 | The relatively small skull, with its large orbit, borne upon very long, slender cervicals, is one of the most characteristic features of this group. Limbs long and slender, with specialized manus, bearing three digits, the elongated claws of which are not strongly curved; pubic bones possessing foot-like symphysis, ischia being curbed; tibia longer than femur; metatarsals elongated and closely appressed, but remainder of foot of moderate size, with short, rather straight unguals; tail long, with distal caudals interlocked by prolonged zygapophyses. | |
F. v. Huene 1948 | Strong, pointed teeth or toothless; large preorbit; 10 cervicals, 13 dorsals, 5 sacrals; manus with 3 long fingers; pubis a little shorter than femur, with shoe-like process; tibia a little shorter than femur; astragalus with high ascending process; 3 middle toes long, bird-like, I missing, V rudimentary. Cretaceous. | |
R. Barsbold 1981 | Progressive ornithomimosaurs with elongated ilia (longer than the
pubis) and metatarsus, proximally highly compressed third metatarsal element and without the first toe (pollex). Pleurocoels are present. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
||||
|
|
||||
Source: g = genus, infrao = infraorder | |||||
References: Averianov and Yarkov 2004, Peczkis 1995 |
Age range: base of the Late/Upper Aptian to the top of the Late/Upper Maastrichtian or 122.46000 to 66.00000 Ma
Collections (243 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Early/Lower Cretaceous | Mongolia (Ovorkhangai) | Ornithomimidae indet. (79703) | |
Late/Upper Barremian - Aptian | Japan (Honshu) | Ornithomimosauria indet. (50307) | |
Aptian | Australia (Victoria) | Ornithomimidae indet. (127568) | |
Aptian | Thailand (Nakhon Ratchasima) | Ornithomimidae indet. (99337) | |
Aptian - Albian | China (Henan) | Ornithomimidae indet. (117983) | |
Aptian - Albian | USA (Montana) | Ornithomimus sp. (50722 50723) | |
Late/Upper Aptian | Australia (Victoria) | Ornithomimidae indet. (51961 127567) | |
Middle Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian | USA (Wyoming) | Ornithomimus sp. (50496 50499) | |
Middle Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian | USA (Montana) | Ornithomimus sp. (50694) | |
Cenomanian - Santonian | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Ornithomimidae indet. (13411 53230 55254 108340 168984) | |
Cenomanian - Santonian | Mongolia (Dornogov) | Ornithomimidae indet. (76061 130795) | |
Late/Upper Cretaceous | Mexico (Michoacan) | Ornithomimidae indet. (143831) | |
Late/Upper Cretaceous | Mongolia | Predentata indet. (48985) | |
Late/Upper Cretaceous | Kazakhstan (Ongtustik Qazaqstan) | Ornithomimidae indet. (58722) | |
Early/Lower Cenomanian | Kyrgyzstan (Osh) | Dinosauria indet. (58469) | |
Turonian | China (Nei Mongol) | Sinornithomimus dongi (55529) | |
Middle Turonian - Late/Upper Turonian | Uzbekistan (Navoi) | Ornithomimidae indet. (46959 58159 58166 58167 58168 58173 58174 58175 75943 123160 224061 224062 224063) Ornithomimidae indet., Archaeornithomimus bissektensis (58165) Ornithomimidae indet., Gallimimus sp. (58158) | |
Late/Upper Turonian - Coniacian | Kazakhstan (Qyzylorda) | Ornithomimidae indet. (73441) | |
Coniacian - Santonian | Tajikistan (Asht) | Ornithomimidae indet., Ornithomimus asiaticus (53132) | |
Coniacian - Santonian | China (Shandong) | Ornithomimidae indet. (62360) | |
Santonian - Campanian | Mongolia (Dornogov) | Ornithomimidae indet. (80183) | |
Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian | Kazakhstan (Qyzylorda) | Ornithomimidae indet. (53134 53136 73446 73447 73448 164672) | |
Early/Lower Santonian | Tajikistan (Sogd) | Ornithomimidae indet. (58491 58701) | |
Early/Lower Santonian - Middle Santonian | USA (Mississippi) | Theropoda indet. (64743) | |
Late/Upper Santonian | Canada (Alberta) | Ornithomimidae indet. (48834) | |
Late/Upper Santonian - Middle Campanian | USA (Georgia) | Ornithomimidae indet. (35289) | |
Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Struthiomimus altus (52470 52473 52474 52476 52478) | |
Campanian | USA (Montana) | Ornithomimidae indet. (22689 22694 53045 61843) | |
Campanian | Mexico (Sonora) | Tototlmimus packardensis (105175) | |
Campanian | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Ornithomimidae indet. (37211) | |
Campanian - Maastrichtian | Kazakhstan (Aqmola) | Ornithomimidae indet. (53140) | |
Campanian - Maastrichtian | Sudan (Ash Shamaliyah) | Ornithomimosauria indet. (38682) | |
Campanian - Maastrichtian | Kazakhstan (Almaty) | Ornithomimidae indet. (53143 59732) | |
Early/Lower Campanian | USA (North Carolina) | Ornithomimus sp. (106277) | |
Early/Lower Campanian | USA (Texas) | Ornithomimidae indet. (200385 200394 200401) | |
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian | USA (North Carolina) | Ornithomimus sp. (57918 128412) | |
Judithian | USA (Texas) | Ornithomimus sp. nov., Struthiomimus sp. (14489) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Utah) | Ornithomimus velox (70276) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (British Columbia) | Ornithomimidae indet. (53053) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Ornithomimidae indet. (53229 55256) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Leptorhynchos elegans (232137) Ornithomimidae indet. (22654 22656 22659 36264 46957 55317 59121 184041 191251 227125) Ornithomimidae indet., Ornithomimus edmontonicus (52480) Ornithomimus altus (133004) Ornithomimus sp. (116229) Struthiomimus altus (52475) Struthiomimus samueli (46335) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Texas) | Ornithomimidae indet. (109657 109658) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Mexico (Chihuahua) | Ornithomimidae indet. (35707) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | USA (New Mexico) | Ornithomimidae indet. (46985 46986 46989 46990 46996 47011 47014 47195 56021 56090 56428 64009 222074 222081) Ornithomimus edmontonicus (47012) Struthiomimus altus (46995 47009 47013) | |
Late/Upper Campanian | Mexico (Coahuila) | Ornithomimidae indet. (24259 68039 97757 154244 170998 227154 227245 227246) Ornithomimus sp. (59114) | |
Middle Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Ornithomimus sp. (220506) | |
Middle Campanian | USA (Montana) | Ornithomimidae indet. (14437) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Montana) | Ornithomimidae indet. (14462) Ornithomimus sp. (142328) Ornithomimus tenuis (49001) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | China (Nei Mongol) | Ornithomimidae indet. (28778 48932 48933 49354 175225) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | USA (Texas) | Ornithomimidae indet. (25073 68012 68014) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | Canada (Alberta) | Ornithomimidae indet. (62722 167986) Ornithomimus altus (52477 150749) Struthiomimus altus (61433) Struthiomimus sp. (52471) | |
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Gallimimus sp. (51971) | |
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Canada (Alberta) | Ornithomimidae indet. (162134 163050 191253) | |
Late/Upper Campanian - Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Mexico (Sonora) | Ornithomimidae indet. (170931) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (Montana) | Ornithomimus sp. (142493) | |
Maastrichtian | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Anserimimus planinychus (52008 180786) Gallimimus sp. (55257 55258 126780 127671 127673 127679 127681 130800 168810) Gallimimus sp., Ornithomimidae indet. (127670) Ornithomimidae indet. (37003 37020 38704 108344 127675 168988 180472 180474 180475 180679 180683 180701 180707 180709 180784 180785 180811) Ornithomimidae indet., Gallimimus sp. (229067) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (South Dakota) | Ornithomimidae indet. (90926) | |
Maastrichtian | Canada (Alberta) | Ornithomimus sp. (46095) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (Wyoming) | Ornithomimus sedens (225940) | |
Maastrichtian | Mongolia (Bayankhongor) | Ornithomimidae indet. (91909) | |
Maastrichtian | USA (Maryland) | Ornithomimidae indet. (83331) | |
Early/Lower Maastrichtian | Canada (Alberta) | Dromiceiomimus brevitertius (52465 220501) Ornithomimidae indet. (14502 76062 191252 191254) Ornithomimus altus (52468 52469) Ornithomimus sp. (45732 52467 55363) Struthiomimus altus (96457) Struthiomimus brevetertius (46351) Struthiomimus currellii (52479) Struthiomimus ingens (52466) | |
Early/Lower Maastrichtian | USA (Montana) | Ornithomimidae indet. (55247) | |
Early/Lower Maastrichtian | USA (Alaska) | Ornithomimidae indet. (51889 51891) | |
Lancian | USA (South Dakota) | Ornithomimidae indet. (14571) | |
Lancian | USA (New Mexico) | Ornithomimidae indet. (14518) | |
Lancian | USA (Wyoming) | Ornithomimidae indet. (14540 14544 60172 75298 75443) Ornithomimus minutus (14606) Ornithomimus sp. (14538 14609) Ornithomimus velox (14542) Struthiomimus sp. (75297) | |
Lancian | USA (North Dakota) | Ornithomimidae indet. (14610) | |
Lancian | USA (Montana) | Ornithomimidae indet. (14513 14614) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Montana) | Ornithomimus sp. (142326) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Canada (Alberta) | Ornithomimidae indet. (194867) Ornithomimus sp. (227001) Struthiomimus sp. (227002) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Ornithomimus sp. (45675) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | China (Henan) | Qiupalong henanensis (84996) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (South Dakota) | Ornithomimidae indet. (45388 45390 224491) Ornithomimus sp. (48551 150895 224484) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Colorado) | Ornithomimus velox (49000 49528 49550 49554) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (North Dakota) | Ornithomimidae indet. (45099 45136 45381 45382 57919) | |
Late/Upper Maastrichtian | USA (Wyoming) | Ornithomimus sedens (52871) Ornithomimus sp. (14585) Struthiomimus sp. (26760) |