PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Fardenia (Coolinia)

Strophomenata - Orthotetida - Chilidiopsidae

Taxonomy

Coolinia was named by Bancroft (1949). Its type is Coolinia applanata.

It was reranked as Fardenia (Coolinia) by Huang et al. (2019).

It was assigned to Strophomenida by Sepkoski (2002); to Chilidiopsidae by Bassett and Cocks (1974), Musteikis and Cocks (2004); to Chilidiopsinae by Williams et al. (2000), Rubel (2011), Hints and Harper (2015); and to Fardenia by Huang et al. (2019).

Subtaxa

Coolinia applanata (type species), Coolinia convexa, Coolinia gamachiana, Coolinia gracilis, Coolinia pecten, Coolinia sulcata, Fardenia (Coolinia) dalmani

Species lacking formal opinion data

Coolinia reedsi, Coolinia semicircularis, Coolinia studenitzae, Coolinia subplana, Coolinia tnuis, Fardenia attenuata, Fardenia columbana, Fardenia elegans, Fardenia ellipsoides, Fardenia gorbiatchensis, Fardenia gorbyatchensis, Fardenia interstriata, Fardenia planissima, Fardenia plicata, Fardenia propria, Fardenia reedsi, Fardenia subplana

Synonyms

Chilidiopsis is a genus. It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Coolinia by Williams et al. (2000).

It was assigned to Strophomenida by Sepkoski (2002).
Krizistrophia is a genus. It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Coolinia by Williams et al. (2000).

It was assigned to Strophomenida by Sepkoski (2002).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1949	Coolinia Bancroft pp. 2-16
1974	Coolinia Bassett and Cocks
2000	Coolinia Williams et al. p. 671
2002	Chilidiopsis Sepkoski
2002	Coolinia Sepkoski
2002	Krizistrophia Sepkoski
2004	Coolinia Musteikis and Cocks
2011	Coolinia Rubel
2015	Coolinia Hints and Harper p. 405
2019	Fardenia (Coolinia) Huang et al.

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
—	Lophophorata
—	Panbrachiopoda	Carlson and Cohen 2020
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Strophomenata	Williams et al 1996
order	Orthotetida	Waagen 1884
suborder	Orthotetidina
superfamily	Chilidiopsoidea	Boucot 1959
family	Chilidiopsidae	Boucot 1959
genus	Fardenia	Lamont 1935
subgenus	Coolinia	(Bancroft 1949)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subg. †Fardenia (Coolinia) Bancroft 1949

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†Coolinia applanata Salter 1846

†Coolinia convexa Savage 1913

†Coolinia gamachiana Twenhofel 1928

†Coolinia gracilis Andreeva 1961

†Coolinia pecten Linnaeus 1758

†Coolinia sulcata Boucot et al. 1988

†Fardenia (Coolinia) dalmani Bergström 1968

Invalid names: Chilidiopsis [synonym], Krizistrophia [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

low Mg calcitep

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

10 to < 100g

Adult width:

10 to < 100g

Folds:

noneg

Ribbing:

minorg

Spines:

noneg

Internal reinforcement:

noneg

Environment:

marineuc

Locomotion:

stationaryp

Attached:

yesp

Life habit:

low-level epifaunalp

Diet:

suspension feederp

Vision:

blindc

Comments:

BODY SIZE: Data from Williams et al. (2006).g

Created:

2009-06-02 13:44:48

Modified:

2009-06-06 14:31:13

Source: g = genus, c = class, p = phylum, uc = unranked clade

References: Hendy 2009, Aberhan et al. 2004, Nesnidal et al. 2013

Age range: base of the Rawtheyan to the top of the Elton or 448.80000 to 421.30000 Ma

Collections (322 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Richmondian	449.6 - 445.5	Canada (Quebec)	Coolinia gamachiana (158502 158504 158506 158507 158574 158575 158576 158581 158583 158585 158586 158587 158589 158864 163699 163704 163705) Coolinia sp. (163792)
Wufeng	449.4 - 443.1	China (Hubei)	Coolinia sp. (4687)
Rawtheyan	448.8 - 445.2	Norway	Coolinia dalmani (164644)
Rawtheyan - Hirnantian	448.8 - 443.1	Norway (Oslo-Asker Dist.)	Coolinia sp. (365)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Argentina (San Juan)	Coolinia sp. (8773)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Türkiye (Yığılca/Düzce)	Coolinia dalmani (185141)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Sweden	Coolinia sp. (2768)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Norway (Oslo-Asker Dist.)	Coolinia sp. (441)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	USA (Missouri)	Coolinia convexa (55456 55458 55459)
Hirnantian	445.2 - 443.1	Myanmar (Northern Shan)	Coolinia dalmani (202727)
Youngest occurrences
Time interval	Ma	Country or state	PBDB collection number
Ludlow	426.7 - 422.7	Venezuela	Chilidiopsis sp. (25067)
Ludlow	426.7 - 422.7	United Kingdom (England)	Coolinia sp. (535)
Ludlow	426.7 - 422.7	USA (Missouri)	Coolinia sp. (26822)
Ludlow - Elton	426.7 - 421.3	United Kingdom (Wales)	Fardenia pecten (74760)
Ludlow - Pridoli	426.7 - 419.62	Russian Federation	Coolinia pecten (24784)
Ludfordian	425.0 - 422.7	Sweden (Gotland)	Coolinia pecten (13532)
Ludfordian - Pridoli	425.0 - 419.62	USA (Oklahoma)	Coolinia reedsi (26824)
Pridoli	422.7 - 419.62	Canada (Yukon Territory)	Coolinia sp. (26657)
Pridoli	422.7 - 419.62	Canada (Yukon)	Chilidiopsis sp. (14006)
Pridoli	422.7 - 419.62	China (Jilin)	Coolinia sp. (25759)