Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Taxonomy
Botaurus was named by Stephens (1819). It is extant. Its type is Ardea stellaris. It is the type genus of Botaurinae.
It was assigned to Botaurinae by Hay (1930), Wetmore (1940) and Wetmore (1956); and to Ardeidae by Carroll (1988), Emslie (1992), Mlikovsky (2002), del Hoyo et al. (2014) and Clements et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Botaurinae by Hay (1930), Wetmore (1940) and Wetmore (1956); and to Ardeidae by Carroll (1988), Emslie (1992), Mlikovsky (2002), del Hoyo et al. (2014) and Clements et al. (2017).
Species
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
---|---|
1819 | Botaurus Stephens |
1930 | Botaurus Hay p. 295 |
1940 | Botaurus Wetmore p. 16 |
1956 | Botaurus Wetmore p. 21 |
1988 | Botaurus Carroll |
1992 | Botaurus Emslie p. 252 |
2002 | Botaurus Mlikovsky p. 69 |
2014 | Botaurus del Hoyo et al. |
2017 | Botaurus Clements et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Botaurus Stephens 1819
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Botaurus lentiginosus Rackett 1813 [American bittern]
Botaurus pinnatus Wagler 1829 [Pinnated bittern]
Botaurus poiciloptilus Wagler 1827 [Australasian bittern]
Botaurus stellaris Linnaeus 1758 [great bittern]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: f = family, o = order | |||||
References: Thiollay 1994, Marsh 1875 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Gelasian to the top of the Holocene or 2.58800 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 1.806 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 1.806 Ma
Collections (10 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Blancan | USA (Kansas) | B. hibbardi (19940) | |
Blancan | USA (Florida) | B. sp., B. lentiginosus (19753) | |
Gelasian | USA (Florida) | B. lentiginosus (20384) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Florida) | B. lentiginosus (20595 20636) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Oregon) | B. lentiginosus (93251) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | B. lentiginosus (103991) | |
Late/Upper Pleistocene (glacial) | USA (Florida) | B. lentiginosus (154771) | |
Holocene | USA (California) | B. lentiginosus (194911) | |
Holocene | United Kingdom | B. stellaris (125443) |