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Pelecanidae (pelican)
Taxonomy
Pelecanidae was named by Vigors (1825). It is extant. Its type is Pelecanus.
It was assigned to Steganopodes by Zittel (1890); to Pelecanoidae by Hay (1930); to Pelecanoidea by Hay (1902), Wetmore (1940), Wetmore (1956); to Pelecani by Brunet (1970), Olson (1985), Carroll (1988); to Steganopodes by Mayr (2005); to Pelecani by Bourdon et al. (2005); to Pelecanida by Livezey and Zusi (2007); to Aequornithes by Mayr (2011); to Pelecaniformes by Lambrecht (1933), Wetmore (1933), Cheneval (1984), Guthrie (1992), Olson (1999), Olson and Rasmussen (2001), del Hoyo et al. (2014), Stidham et al. (2014), Clements et al. (2017), Worthy and Nguyen (2020); and to Pelecaniformes by Mayr (2022).
It was assigned to Steganopodes by Zittel (1890); to Pelecanoidae by Hay (1930); to Pelecanoidea by Hay (1902), Wetmore (1940), Wetmore (1956); to Pelecani by Brunet (1970), Olson (1985), Carroll (1988); to Steganopodes by Mayr (2005); to Pelecani by Bourdon et al. (2005); to Pelecanida by Livezey and Zusi (2007); to Aequornithes by Mayr (2011); to Pelecaniformes by Lambrecht (1933), Wetmore (1933), Cheneval (1984), Guthrie (1992), Olson (1999), Olson and Rasmussen (2001), del Hoyo et al. (2014), Stidham et al. (2014), Clements et al. (2017), Worthy and Nguyen (2020); and to Pelecaniformes by Mayr (2022).
Subtaxa
Entered
by J. Hunter on 2003-01-23; modified by M. Carrano on 2024-03-19
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1825 | Pelecanidae Vigors |
| 1890 | Pelecanidae Zittel p. 841 |
| 1902 | Pelecanidae Hay p. 532 |
| 1930 | Pelecanidae Hay p. 289 |
| 1933 | Pelecanidae Lambrecht p. 277 |
| 1933 | Pelecanidae Wetmore p. 3 |
| 1940 | Pelecanidae Wetmore p. 10 |
| 1956 | Pelecanidae Wetmore p. 12 |
| 1970 | Pelecanidae Brunet p. 11 |
| 1984 | Pelecanidae Cheneval p. 68 |
| 1985 | Pelecanidae Olson p. 201 |
| 1988 | Pelecanidae Carroll |
| 1992 | Pelecanidae Guthrie p. 321 |
| 1999 | Pelecanidae Olson p. 503 |
| 2001 | Pelecanidae Olson and Rasmussen p. 259 |
| 2005 | Pelecanidae Bourdon et al. p. 166 |
| 2005 | Pelecanidae Mayr p. 67 |
| 2007 | Pelecanidae Livezey and Zusi p. 91 |
| 2011 | Pelecanidae Mayr p. 73 figs. Figure 5 |
| 2014 | Pelecanidae Stidham et al. p. 2 |
| 2014 | Pelecanidae del Hoyo et al. |
| 2017 | Pelecanidae Clements et al. |
| 2020 | Pelecanidae Worthy and Nguyen p. 89 |
| 2022 | Pelecanidae Mayr p. 119 figs. Fig. 7.1 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Pelecanidae Vigors 1825 [pelican]
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G. Pelecanus Linnaeus 1758 [pelican]
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Subg. †Pelecanus (Cyrtopelicanus) Reichenbach 1852
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†Pelecanus (Cyrtopelicanus) halieus Wetmore 1933
Subg. Pelecanus (Leptopelicanus) Reichenback 1852
†Pelecanus cadimurka Rich and Van Tets 1981
†Pelecanus cautleyi Davies 1880
Pelecanus conspicillatus Temminck 1824 [Australian pelican]
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Invalid names: Pelecanus grandiceps De Vis 1905 [synonym]
Pelecanus crispus Bruch 1832 [Dalmatian pelican]
Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin 1789 [American white pelican]
†Pelecanus novaezealandiae Scarlett 1966
Pelecanus occidentalis Linnaeus 1766 [brown pelican]
†Pelecanus odessanus Widhalm 1866
Pelecanus onocrotalus Linnaaeus 1758
†Pelecanus proavus De Vis 1892
Pelecanus rufescens Gmelin 1789 [pink-backed pelican]
†Pelecanus schreiberi Olson 1999
†Pelecanus sivalensis Davies 1880
Pelecanus thagus Molina 1782 [Peruvian pelican]
†Pelecanus tirarensis Miller 1966
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Benton 1983, Kiessling 2004, Marsh 1875, Bush and Bambach 2015 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Priabonian to the top of the Holocene or 37.71000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 33.9 Ma
Collections (78 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Priabonian | Egypt (Fayum) | Eopelecanus aegyptiacus (74738) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | Australia (South Australia) | Pelecanus tirarensis (51412 216700) | |
| Aquitanian | France (Auvergne) | Miopelecanus gracillis (125333) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Ukraine | Pelecanus odessanus (187783) | |
| Hemphillian | Mexico (Baja California Sur) | Pelecanus sp. (224532) | |
| Late/Upper Hemphillian - Zanclean | USA (Florida) | Pelecanus schreiberi (18535) | |
| Messinian - Zanclean | Kenya | Pelecanus sp. (22242) | |
| Zanclean | USA (North Carolina) | Pelecanus schreiberi (52582) | |
| Zanclean | Ukraine | Pelecanus odessanus (176420) | |
| Pliocene | Ukraine (Odessa) | Pelecanus odessanus (76502) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (Idaho) | Pelecanus halieus (176409) | |
| Piacenzian | India | Pelecanus sivalensis (176226) | |
| Gelasian - Calabrian | Tanzania | Pelecanus aethiopicus (22615) | |
| Quaternary | Australia (South Australia) | Pelecanus cadimurka (216701) | |
| Calabrian | USA (Florida) | Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (20400) | |
| Rancholabrean | Mexico (Sonora) | Pelecanus erythrorhynchus (20495) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (California) | Pelecanus sp. (20622) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (California) | Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (192599 192605 192607 192610) Pelecanus erythrorhynchus (176267 236636) Pelecanus macropus, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (20273) Pelecanus occidentalis (125234) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Mexico (Jalisco) | Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (192628) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (late glacial) | USA (Georgia) | Pelecanus sp. (75066) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Oregon) | Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (93251) Pelecanus erythrorhynchus (176222) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Congo-Kinshasa | Pelecanus rufescens (22066) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | Pelecanus conspicillatus (135977) Pelecanus grandiceps, Pelecanus conspicillatus (13319) Pelecanus grandiceps, Pelecanus proavus (176412) Pelecanus tirarensis (182002) | |
| Holocene | Venezuela | Pelecanus occidentalis (197931 197932 197934 197935 197936 197937) | |
| Holocene | Australia (South Australia) | Pelecanus cadimurka (176423) Pelecanus conspicillatus (176422 176424 176425 176426 176427 176430) Pelecanus tirarensis (176428 176429) | |
| Holocene | Puerto Rico | Pelecanus occidentalis (194583) | |
| Holocene | USA (Illinois) | Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (195051 195052) Pelecanus occidentalis (195053) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (224189) | |
| Holocene | Virgin Islands, U.S. | Pelecanus occidentalis (132605) | |
| Holocene | Portugal (Leiria) | Pelecanus crispus (275782) | |
| Holocene | Sudan | Pelecanus sp. (21903) | |
| Holocene | New Zealand | Pelecanus conspicillatus (100554 194619) Pelecanus novaezealandiae (176431 176432 176433 176434) | |
| Holocene | Australia (Queensland) | Pelecanus proavus (176421) | |
| Holocene | Mexico (Chiapas) | Pelecanus occidentalis (195047) | |
| Holocene | USA (California) | Pelecanus occidentalis (194911 194925 194926) Pelecanus occidentalis, Pelecanus erythrorhynchus (194928) Pelecanus sp. (194905 194906 194910 194913 194914) Pelecanus sp., Pelecanus occidentalis (194912 194924) | |
| Holocene | United Kingdom | Pelecanus crispus (125443) |