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Sciaenoidei
Taxonomy
Sciaenoidei was named by Cuvier (1828). It is extant.
It was reranked as the family Sciaenidae by Hay (1902), David (1943), Danil'chenko (1960), Jordan (1963), Estes (1964), Frizzell and Dante (1965), Wilson (1967), Estes and Berberian (1970), Danil'chenko (1980), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Weems (1999), Purdy et al. (2001), Fierstine et al. (2012), Betancur et al. (2013), Szabo et al. (2017), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018).
It was assigned to Sciaenoidea by Hay (1902); to Percoidea by David (1943); to Kurtiformes by Jordan (1963); to Percoidae by Frizzell and Dante (1965); to Osteichthyes by Wilson (1967); to Percoidei by Danil'chenko (1960), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Fierstine et al. (2012); to Percomorpharia by Betancur et al. (2013); to Perciformes by Estes (1964), Estes and Berberian (1970), Danil'chenko (1980), Weems (1999), Purdy et al. (2001), Szabo et al. (2017), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018); and to Acanthuriformes by Ebersole et al. (2019), Cicimurri et al. (2025).
It was reranked as the family Sciaenidae by Hay (1902), David (1943), Danil'chenko (1960), Jordan (1963), Estes (1964), Frizzell and Dante (1965), Wilson (1967), Estes and Berberian (1970), Danil'chenko (1980), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Weems (1999), Purdy et al. (2001), Fierstine et al. (2012), Betancur et al. (2013), Szabo et al. (2017), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018).
It was assigned to Sciaenoidea by Hay (1902); to Percoidea by David (1943); to Kurtiformes by Jordan (1963); to Percoidae by Frizzell and Dante (1965); to Osteichthyes by Wilson (1967); to Percoidei by Danil'chenko (1960), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Fierstine et al. (2012); to Percomorpharia by Betancur et al. (2013); to Perciformes by Estes (1964), Estes and Berberian (1970), Danil'chenko (1980), Weems (1999), Purdy et al. (2001), Szabo et al. (2017), Carnevale and Godfrey (2018); and to Acanthuriformes by Ebersole et al. (2019), Cicimurri et al. (2025).
Subtaxa
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1828 | Sciaenoidei Cuvier |
| 1902 | Sciaenidae Hay p. 405 |
| 1943 | Sciaenidae David p. 27 |
| 1960 | Sciaenidae Danil'chenko p. 131 |
| 1963 | Sciaenidae Jordan p. 701 |
| 1964 | Sciaenidae Estes p. 51 |
| 1965 | Sciaenidae Frizzell and Dante p. 703 |
| 1967 | Sciaenidae Wilson p. 203 |
| 1970 | Sciaenidae Estes and Berberian p. 4 |
| 1980 | Sciaenidae Danil'chenko p. 134 |
| 1981 | Sciaenidae Thurmond and Jones p. 101 |
| 1999 | Sciaenidae Weems p. 63 |
| 2001 | Sciaenidae Purdy et al. p. 175 |
| 2012 | Sciaenidae Fierstine et al. p. 124 |
| 2013 | Sciaenidae Betancur et al. |
| 2017 | Sciaenidae Szabo et al. |
| 2018 | Sciaenidae Carnevale and Godfrey p. 180 |
| 2019 | Sciaenoidei Ebersole et al. p. 178 |
| 2025 | Sciaenoidei Cicimurri et al. p. 90 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subor. Sciaenoidei Cuvier 1828
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Fm. Sciaenidae Cuvier 1828
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G. Aplodinotus Rafinesque 1818
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Aplodinotus distortus Nolf 2003
Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque 1819 [freshwater drum]
†Aplodinotus hoffmani Nolf and Aguilera 1998
†Aplodinotus longecaudatus Nolf and Aguilera 1998
G. Argyrosomus La Pylaie 1835
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†Argyrosomus laghii Nolf and Steurbaut 1983
†Argyrosomus regia Lanckneus and Nolf 1979
G. †Ekokenia Frizzell and Dante 1965
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†Ekokenia eporrecta Koken 1888
†Ekokenia eporrectus Koken 1888
G. Pogonias Lacépède 1802
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†Pogonias blettleri Noriega et al. 2024
Pogonias cromis Cope 1869 [black drum]
†Pogonias multidentatus Cope 1869
†Pogonias stringeri Takeuchi and Huddleston 2008
G. Sciaena Linnaeus 1758
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†Sciaena amplus Koken 1891
Sciaena bathytatos Chao and Miller 1975
†Sciaena holsatica Koken 1891
†Sciaena impropria Gabelaia 1976
†Sciaena irregularis Koken 1884
†Sciaena kirchbergensis Koken 1891
†Sciaena knyrkoi Danil'chenko 1980
†Sciaena meridionalis Koken 1891
†Sciaena obtusus Koken 1891
†Sciaena pecchioli Lawley 1876
†Sciaena pimenovae Bogatsov 1955
†Sciaena radians Koken 1888
†Sciaena simplex Frost 1926
Sciaena umbra Linnaeus 1758
Invalid names: Stelliferinae Sasaki 1989 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
| Reference: Carroll 1988 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Albian to the top of the Holocene or 106.30000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 100.5 Ma
Collections (90 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Albian | Italy | Pogonias harpago (77178) Pogonias prodromus (76512) Pogonias prodromus, Pogonias harpago, Pogonias missilis (77255) | |
| Cenomanian | Italy | Pogonias hirsutus (78741) Pogonias incallidus, Pogonias hirsutus, Pogonias prodromus, Pogonias harpago (78742) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Italy | Pogonias harpago (77273) Pogonias prodromus, Pogonias harpago (77274) | |
| Late/Upper Cenomanian | Italy | Pogonias hirsutus (76493 77177) Pogonias incallidus (77110) | |
| Ypresian - Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Fisherichthys folmeri (81179) | |
| Wasatchian | USA (Virginia) | Fisherichthys folmeri (15595) | |
| Lutetian | Nigeria | Otolithus simplex (60711) | |
| Lutetian | USA (Texas) | Pogonias sp. (209370 209371) | |
| Lutetian | USA (Alabama) | Aplodinotus sp., Fisherichthys sp. (13346) | |
| Middle Eocene | USA (Louisiana) | Aplodinotus sp., Sciaena psuedoradians (164390) | |
| Bartonian | Nigeria | Sciaena simplex (32905) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Texas) | Ekokenia eporrecta (7437 7438 7439) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Alabama) | Fisherichthys folmeri (81266) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Mississippi) | Ekokenia eporrecta (83981) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Louisiana) | Ekokenia sp. (75638) Sciaena umbra (32925) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | USA (Louisiana) | Sciaena psuedoradians, Aplodinotus distortus (164391) | |
| Rupelian | USA (South Carolina) | Pogonias sp., Sciaenops sp. (60444) Sciaenops sp. (224900) | |
| Oligocene - Miocene | Russian Federation | Larimus ignotus (186461) | |
| Chattian | USA (Mississippi) | Sciaenidae indet., Aplodinotus distortus, Sciaena radians (133111) | |
| Chattian | Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) | Sciaena elongata, Sciaena sp., Sciaena irregularis (32012) | |
| Chattian | Hungary | Sciaena sp. (184477) | |
| Aquitanian | Hungary (Esztergom) | Sciaena sp. (186636) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Venezuela (Paraguana) | Sciaena sp., Sciaenops reyzi, Aplodinotus longecaudatus, Aplodinotus hoffmani (118106) | |
| Aquitanian - Langhian | USA (North Carolina) | Pogonias cromis (48887) | |
| Burdigalian | Russian Federation | Caucasisciaena ignota (186456) | |
| Burdigalian - Serravallian | USA (Maryland) | Sciaenops eastmani (123869) | |
| Hemingfordian | USA (Florida) | Pogonias cromis (18586) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Louisiana) | Aplodinotus sp. (164388) | |
| Barstovian | USA (Nebraska) | Aplodinotus grunniens (18284) Aplodinotus sp. (18031 27481) | |
| Langhian | USA (Virginia) | Pogonias multidentatus (79793) | |
| Middle Miocene | Germany (Lower Saxony) | Sciaena obtusa (161965) | |
| Badenian | Czechia (Mikulov) | Argyrosomus regius (161995) Sciaena rybnicensis, Argyrosomus regius, Sciaena irregularis (161993) | |
| Serravallian | Romania | Sciaena sp. (222591) | |
| Serravallian | Kazakhstan | Pogonias sp. (174760) | |
| Serravallian | USA (Virginia) | Pogonias multidentatus (71798 126605) Pogonias sp., Pogonias multidentatus, Sciaenops ocellatus (57700) Sciaenops sp. (187324) | |
| Clarendonian | USA (Kansas) | Aplodinotus grunniens (18450) | |
| Early/Lower Clarendonian | USA (Florida) | Pogonias cromis (161374) | |
| Late/Upper Clarendonian | USA (Florida) | Pogonias cromis (18554) | |
| Tortonian | USA (Virginia) | Pogonias mulidentatus (152251) | |
| Tortonian | Italy | Argyrosomus laghii (178120) | |
| Tortonian | Denmark (Jutland) | Sciaena holsatica (34521) | |
| Tortonian | Chile | Stelliferinae indet. (221625) | |
| Tortonian | Malta | Sciaenidae indet. (210639) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Germany | Sciaena holsatica (223566) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Argentina (Entre Ríos) | Pogonias blettleri (237481) | |
| Hemphillian | USA (Florida) | Pogonias cromis (18601) | |
| Messinian | USA (Virginia) | Pogonias multidentatus (179732) | |
| Messinian | Italy (Ravenna) | Sciaenidae indet. (144566) | |
| Messinian | Italy (Piedmont) | Argyrosomus sp. (172914 220503) | |
| Zanclean | USA (North Carolina) | Sciaenops sp., Sciaenops ocellata, Pogonias cromis, Sciaenops ocellatus (52582) | |
| Piacenzian | USA (Florida) | Pogonias cromis (22712) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Sciaenops ocellatus (227368) | |
| Calabrian | Brazil | Pogonias cromis (52644) | |
| Irvingtonian | USA (Florida) | Pogonias cromis (20400 58089) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (Florida) | Pogonias cromis (20440) | |
| Rancholabrean | USA (Michigan) | Aplodinotus sp. (70130) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Brazil (Rio Grand do Sul) | Pogonias cromis (211308) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | Brazil | Pogonias cromis (54181) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Maryland) | Pogonias cromis (48886) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Georgia) | Pogonias cromis (20604 20613) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | Pogonias sp. (57706) Sciaenops sp. (73485) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (high glacial) | USA (Texas) | Aplodinotus grunniens (74470 93103) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Michigan) | Aplodinotus grunniens (200325) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Pogonias sp., Sciaenops sp. (188304) | |
| Holocene | USA (Ohio) | Aplodinotus grunniens (195067) | |
| Holocene | Canada (Quebec) | Aplodinotus grunniens (224189) | |
| Holocene | USA (Florida) | Sciaenops ocellatus (227371) | |
| Holocene | Australia (New South Wales) | Argyrosomus japonicus (235090) |